NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS

International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]

ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 1, Jan. -2017
SOLAR TRACKING-AN OVERVIEW & CHARACTERIZATION
MR. PRATHAMESH D. PATIL
U.G., Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, DR. BATU, Lonere

PROF. R. H. MADHAVI
Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, DR. BATU, Lonere

ABSTRACT: instance, notwithstanding when the Sun is just 10° over

Sun Tracking System for Solar the skyline the accessible energy can as of now associate
panel project is made to tracking the Sun at day time with a large portion of the early afternoon energy levels
for using its solar energy appropriately for solar (or considerably more prominent depending on scope,
board. The Sun trackers are all climate, dependable season, and climatic conditions). In this way the essential
and reasonable tracking and situating instruments. advantage of a tracking framework is to gather solar
This project orients the Solar Panel toward the sun, energy for the longest time of the day, and with the most
so it can use with higher precision. Our Sun Tracker precise arrangement as the Sun's position shifts with the
framework track the Sun by utilization of sensors seasons.
and pivot the solar board by method for stepper
motor. For level board applications, trackers are OPERATION OF SOLAR CELL:
utilized to minimize the edge of occurrence between A solar panel works by permitting photons, or
the approaching light and a solar board. This builds particles of light, to thump electrons free from it as
the measure of energy created from a settled creating a stream of electricity. Solar boards really
measure of introduced power producing limit. The include numerous, littler units called photovoltaic cells.
optics in concentrated solar applications (Photovoltaic basically implies they change over sunlight
acknowledges the direct part of sunlight light and into electricity.) Many cells connected together make up
thusly should be situated properly to gather energy. a solar board.
Tracking frameworks are found in all concentrator
applications in light of the fact that such frameworks
cannot deliver energy unless situated nearly toward
the sun.
KEYWORDS: Solar panel, tracking system, solar cell,
cell element, etc.

INTRODUCTION:
Fundamentally, Sunlight has two parts, the
"direct beam" that conveys around 90% of the solar
energy, and the "diffuse sunlight" that conveys the rest of
Each photovoltaic cell is essentially a sandwich
the diffuse bit is the blue sky on a sunny morning and
made up of two cuts of semi-directing material,
increments as an extent on overcast days. As most of the
usually silicon - a similar stuff utilized as a part of
energy is in the direct beam, augmenting gathering
microelectronics
requires the sun to be obvious to the boards to the
To work, photovoltaic cells need to build up an
extent that this would be possible. The energy
electric field. Much like a magnetic field, which happens
contributed by the direct beam drops off with the cosine
due to inverse posts, an electric field happens when
of the point between the approaching light and the
inverse charges are isolated. To get this field, makers
board. Likewise, the reflectance (arrived at the midpoint
"dope" silicon with different materials, giving every cut
of over all polarizations) is roughly consistent for angle
of the sandwich a positive or negative electrical charge.
of incidence up to around 50°, past which reflectance
In particular, they seed phosphorous into the top layer of
degrades rapidly.
silicon, which includes additional electrons, with a
Despite the fact that a settled level board can be set to
negative charge, to that layer. In the mean time, the base
gather a high extent of accessible early afternoon energy,
layer gets a measurement of boron, which brings about
noteworthy power is likewise accessible in the early
fewer electrons, or a positive charge. This all indicates an
mornings and late evenings when the misalignment with
electric field at the intersection between the silicon
a settled board gets to be distinctly unnecessary to
layers. At that point, when a photon of sunlight thumps
gather a sensible extent of the accessible energy. For
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 NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 1, Jan. -2017
an electron free, the electric field will push that electron care of the power necessities of the stepper motor. The
out of the silicon intersection. venture is given a sham solar board which can be
Several different parts of the cell transform utilized for showing reason as it were.
these electrons into usable power. Metal conductive Advance the venture can be upgraded by
plates on the sides of the cell gather the electrons and utilizing RTC (Real Time Clock) to take after the Sun.
exchange them to wires. By then, the electrons can This is to keep the required position of the board
stream like some other wellspring of electricity. regardless of the possibility that the power is hindered
for quite a while.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
CONCLUSSION:
It can be presumed that till the time 12 noon,
when the sun achieves precisely overhead, the energy
levels are not essentially extraordinary in following now
and again conditions yet after 12 noon, critical contrast
in levels can be seen in the accomplished qualities. This
is the time when the solar tracker assumes a vital part in
extricating more energy than it would have without
following. A normal rate increment of roughly 18% in
the power yield can be seen. power output are gotten
from a second rate solar cell and minor blunders in the
control frameworks, with the utilization of a high review
solar cell and complex hardware, power output can be
enhanced and higher increment.

REFERENCES:
DESIGN CONCEPT: 1) A. B. Afarulrazi, W. M. Utomo, K.L.Liew and M.
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that may not be exact dependably for instance amid Rahman, SM Shafiul Alam “Design and Construction
overcast days. of an Automatic Solar Tracking System” published in
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interfacing IC as the controller is not equipped for taking application. IOSRJ. Eng. 2012, 2, 1278–1281.

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International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET]
ISSN: 2454-7875
VOLUME 3, ISSUE 1, Jan. -2017
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