Student Management System

A Six Week industrial training report submitted in the partial fulfillment

of the requirement for the award of degree of
Bachelor of Technology (Computer Science & Engineering)

(Session: 2016-2020)

Submitted to: Submitted by:

University Institute of Engineering and Technology

Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra – 136119
 Table of Contents

S.No. Topic
1. Certificate

2. Abstract

3. Introduction

4. Hardware Requirements

5. Software Requirements

6. Working

7. Conclusion
CERTIFICATE
Certificate URL : ude.my/UC-QB0O7T91
 Abstract

Student Management System is software which is helpful for students as well as the school
authorities. In the current system all the activities are done manually. It is very time consuming
and costly. Our Student Management System deals with the various activities related to the
students.
There are mainly 3 modules in this software
 User module

 Student Module

 Mark management

In the Software we can register as a user and user has of two types, student and
administrator. Administrator has the power to add new user and can edit and delete a user. A
student can register as user and can add edit and delete his profile. The administrator can add edit
and delete marks for the student. All the users can see the marks.
 Introduction

Java History:

Java history is interesting to know. The history of java starts from Green Team. Java team members
(also known as Green Team), initiated a revolutionary task to develop a language for digital
devices such as set-top boxes, televisions etc.

For the green team members, it was an advance concept at that time. But, it was suited for internet
programming. Later, Java technology as incorporated by Netscape.

James Gosling

Currently, Java is used in internet programming, mobile devices, games, e-business solutions etc.
There are given the major points that describes the history of java.

1) James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton initiated the Java language project in
June 1991. The small team of sun engineers called Green Team.

2) Originally designed for small, embedded systems in electronic appliances like set-top boxes.

3) Firstly, it was called "Greentalk" by James Gosling and file extension was .gt.

4) After that, it was called Oak and was developed as a part of the Green project.

5) In 1993, Sun Microsystems renamed the language to “Java”.

Features of Java:

When the chronicle of computer languages is written, the following will be said: B led to C, C
evolved into C++, and C++ set the stage for Java. To understand the reasons that drove the
creation, the forces that shaped it, and the legacy that it inherits. Like the successful compute
languages that came before, Java is a blend of the best elements of its rich heritage combined with
the innovative concepts required by its unique environment.
JAVA’S FEATURE SET:

Although the fundamental forces that necessitated the invention of Java are portability and
security, other factors also played an important role in molding the final form of the language and
are given by :

Object Oriented

The Java programming language is object oriented, which makes program design focus on
what you are dealing with rather than on how you are going to do something. This makes it more
useful for programming in sophisticated projects because one can break the things down into
understandable components. A big benefit is that these components can then be reused.

Object oriented languages use the paradigm of classes. In simple term, a class includes both the
data and functions to operate on the data. You can create an instance of a class, also called an
object, which will have all the data members and functionality of its class. Because of this, you
can think of a class as being like template, with each object being a specific instance of a particular
type of class.

The class paradigm allows one to encapsulate data so that those using the data cannot see specific
data values and function implementation. Encapsulation makes it possible to make the changes in
code without breaking other programs that use that code. It for example the implementation of a
function is changed, the change is invisible to another programmer who invokes that function, and
it does not affect his/her program, except hopefully to improve it.

Java includes inheritance, or the ability to derive new classes from existing classes. The derived
class, also called a subclass, inherits all the data and functions of the existing class, referred to as
parent class. A subclass can add new data members to those inherited from the parent class. As far
as methods are concerned, the subclass can reuse the inherited methods, as it is, change them,
and/or add its own new methods.

Portable
 One of the biggest advantages Java offers is that it is portable. An application written
in Java will run on all the major platforms. Any computer with a Java based browser can run the
applications or applets written in the Java programming language. A programmer no longer has to
write one program to run on a Macintosh, another program to run on a Windows machine, still
another to run on UNIX machine, and so on. In other words, with Java, developers write their
programs only once. The virtual machine is what gives Java is cross platform capabilities. Rather
than being compiled into machine language, which is different for each operating systems and
computer architecture, Java code is compiled into byte codes.

With other languages, the program code is compiled into a language the computer can understand.
The problem is that other computers with different machine instruction set cannot understand that
language. Java code on the other hand is compiled into byte code rather than a machine language.
These byte codes go to the Java virtual machine, which executes them directly or translates them
into the language that is understood by the machine running it.

In summary, these means that with the JDBC API extending Java, a programmer writing
Java code can access all the major relational databases on any platform that supports the Java
virtual machine.

Robust

The multi-platform environment of the web places extraordinary demands on a program, because
the program must execute reliably in a variety of systems. Thus, the ability to create robust
programs was given a high priority in the design of Java. However, it also checks our code at run
time. In fact, many space hard-to-down bugs that often turn up in hard-to reproduce run time
situations are simply impossible to create in java.

Multithreaded

Java was designed to meet the real-world requirement of creating interactive,

networked programs. To accomplish this, java supports multithreaded programming, which allows
us to write programs that do many things simultaneously. The Java run-time system comes with
an elegant yet
Sophisticated supplicated solution for multi process synchronization that enables us to construct
smoothly running interactive systems.

Interpreted and high performance

Java enables the creation of cross-platform programs by compiling into an
intermediate representation called Java byte code. This code can be interpreted on any system that
provides a Java virtual machine. Most previous attempts at cross-platform solutions have done so
at the expense of performance. Other interpreted system, such as BASIC, Tcl and PEAL, suffer
from almost insurmountable performance deficits. Java, however, was designed to perform well
on very low power CPUs.

Dynamic

Fundamentally, distributed computing environment must be dynamic Java was

designed to adapt in a constantly evolving environment. It is capable of incorporating new
functionality regard less of where that functionality comes from the local computer system, the
local and wide area networks, and the internet are all potential contributors.

Garbage Collection

Automatically takes care of allocating and de-allocating memory, a huge

potential source of errors. If an object is no longer being used (has no references to it), then it is
automatically removed from memory, or “Garbage Collected”. Programmers don’t have to keep
track of what has been allocated and de-allocated them, which makes their job a lot easier, but
more importantly it stops memory leaks.

No Pointers

Eliminates big source errors. By using object references instead of memory pointers,
problems with pointer arithmetic are eliminated, and problems with inadvertently accessing the
wrong memory address are greatly reduced.
Simplicity
1.
Makes Java easier to learn and use correctly. Java keeps it simple by having just one way to do
something instead of having several alternatives, as in some languages. Java also stays lean by not
including multiple inheritances, which eliminates the errors and ambiguity that arise when you
createsubclass that inherits from two or more classes. To replace capabilities, multiple inheritances
provide, Java lets you add functionality to a class through the use of interfaces.

Introduction to JDBC:
JDBCTM is a Java API for executing SQL statements. (As a point of interest, JDBC is a
trademarked name and is not an acronym; nevertheless, JDBC is often thought of as standing for
"Java Database Connectivity".) It consists of a set of classes and interfaces written in the Java
programming language. JDBC provides a standard API for tool/database developers and makes it
possible to write database applications using a pure Java API.

Using JDBC, it is easy to send SQL statements to virtually any relational database. In other
words, with the JDBC API, it isn't necessary to write one program to access a Sybase database,
another program to access an Oracle database, another program to access an Informix database,
and so on. One can write a single program using the JDBC API, and the program will be able to
send SQL statements to the appropriate database. And, with an application written in the Java
programming language, one also doesn't have to worry about writing different applications to run
on different platforms. The combination of Java and JDBC lets a programmer write it once and
run it anywhere.

Java being robust, secure, easy to use, easy to understand, and automatically downloadable
on a network, is an excellent language basis for database applications. What is needed is a way for
Java applications to talk to a variety of different databases. JDBC is the mechanism for doing this.

JDBC extends what can be done in Java. For example, with Java and the JDBC API, it is
possible to publish a web page containing an applet that uses information obtained from a remote
database. Or an enterprise can use JDBC to connect all its employees (even if they are using a
conglomeration of Windows, Macintosh, and UNIX machines) to one or more internal databases
via an intranet. With more and more programmers using the Java programming language, the need
for easy database access from Java is continuing to grow.
 MIS managers like the combination of Java and JDBC because it makes disseminating
information easy and economical. Businesses can continue to use their installed databases and
access information easily even if it is stored on different database management systems.
Development time for new applications is short. Installation and version control are greatly
simplified. A programmer can write an application or an update once, put it on the server, and
everybody has access to the latest version. And for businesses selling information services, Java
and JDBC offer a better way of getting out information updates to external customers.

5.2.1 JDBC does the following things:

1. Establish a connection with a database

2. Send SQL statements
3. Process the results.
The following code fragment gives a basic example of these three steps:

Class.forName (“oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver”);

Connectioncon=DriverManager.getcConnection (“jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.2:1521:tit”);

Statement stmt=con.createStatement ();

CONNECTION

A connection object represents a connection with a database. A connection session

includes the SQL statements that are executed and the results that are returned over the
connection. A single application can have one or more connections with a single database, or
it can have connections with many different databases.

OPENING A CONNECTION
The standard way to establish a connection with a database is to call the method
DriverManager.getConnection. This method takes a string containing a URL. The Driver
Manager class, referred to as the JDBC management layer, attempts to locate a driver than can
connect to the database represented Driver classes, and when the method get Connection is
called, it checks with each driver in the list until it finds one that can connect uses this URL to
actually establish the connection.

The standard syntax for JDBC URLs is:

Jdbc: < sub protocol> :< sub name>

A JDBC URL has three parts, which are separated by colons :-

1. <Sub protocol>-usually the driver or the database connectivity mechanism, which may
be supported by one or more drivers. A prominent example of a sub protocol name is
“oracle”, which has been reserved for URLs that specify “thin”-style data source names.
2. <Sub name>- a way to identify the database. The sub names can vary, depending on the
sub protocol, and it can have a sub name with any internal syntax the driver writer
chooses. The point of a sub name is to give enough information to locate the database.

SENDING STATEMENT

Once a connection is established, it is used to pass SQL statements to its

underlying database. JDBC does not put any restrictions on the kinds of SQL statements that
can be sent; this provides a great deal of flexibility, allowing the use of database-specific
statements or even non-SQL statements. It requires, however, that the user be responsible for
making sure that the underlying database can process the SQL statements being sent and suffer
the consequences if it cannot.

DRIVER MANAGER

The Driver Manager class is the management layer of JDBC, working between
the user and the drivers. It keeps track of the drivers that are available and handles establishing
a connection between a database and the appropriate driver. It addition, the driver manager
class attends to things like driver login time limits and the printing of log and tracing messages.
The only method in this class that a general programmer needs to use directly is
DriverManager.getConnection. As its name implies, this method establishes a connection to a
databases.

JDBC DRIVER TYPES

The JDBC drivers that we are aware of at this time fit into one of four categories:

1. JDBC-ODBC Bridge plus ODBC driver: The Java Soft bridge product provides JDBC
access via ODBC drivers. Note that ODBC binary code, and in many cases database client
code, must be loaded on each client machine that uses this driver. As a result, this kind of
driver is most appropriate on a corporate network where client installations are not a major
problem, or for application server code written in Java in three-tier architecture.
2. Native-API partly-Java driver: This kind of driver converts JDBC calls into calls on the
client API for Oracle, Sybase, Informix, DB2, or other DBMS. Note that, like the bridge
driver, this style of driver requires that some binary code be loaded on each client machine.

3. JDBC-Net pure Java driver: This driver translates JDBC calls into a DBMS- independent
net protocol, which is then translated to a DBMS protocol by a server. This net server
middleware is able to connect its pure Java clients to many different databases. The specific
protocol used depends on the vendor. In general, this is the most flexible JDBC alternative.
In order for these products to also support Internet access, they must handle the additional
requirements for security, access through firewalls, and so on, that the Web imposes.
4. Native-protocol pure Java driver: This kind of driver converts JDBC calls into the network
protocol used by DBMSs directly. This allows a direct call from the client machine to the
DBMS server and is a practical solution for Intranet access.

Eventually, we expect that driver categories 3 and 4 will be the preferred way to access databases
from JDBC. Driver categories 1 and 2 are interim solutions where direct pure Java drivers are not
yet available. There are possible variations on categories 1 and 2 (not shown in the table below)
that require a connector, but these are generally less desirable solutions. Categories 3 and 4 offer
all the advantages of Java, including automatic installation (for example, downloading the JDBC
driver with an applet that uses it.
 Hardware Requirements

 Processor 2.0 GHz.

 RAM 1 GB RAM
 Hard Disk 2-3 GB Hard Disk Storage
 Display SVGA(800 X 600 Resolution)
 Software Requirements

 IDE Eclipse(www.eclipse.org)
 Database MySql
 Front-End Java Swings
 Back-End MySql
Working
Login

Add New User

Edit User Type

 Delete User

Student Registration
Edit Student Details
Delete Student details

Add/Edit Mark Details

 View Marks

View User details

View Student Details
Add New Subjects

Edit Subject details

Delete Subject details

Subject Allocation
 CONCLUSION

My project is only a humble venture to satisfy the needs in an Institution. Several user
friendly coding have also adopted. This package shall prove to be a powerful package in
satisfying all the requirements of the organization.

The objective of software planning is to provide a frame work that enables the manger to
make reasonable estimates made within a limited time frame at the beginning of the software
project and should be updated regularly as the project progresses. Last but not least it is no the
work that played the ways to success but ALMIGHTY

Future Plans regarding project:

 Update the interface of the project.

 Add new features like
 Image of students
 Security
 More Reliable
 Shareable with school database

As I said it is a very basic program, it will have some new and exciting features in future.