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Arrays: Jeffrey Miller, PH.D

This document discusses arrays in CSCI 201. It defines arrays as groups of memory locations with the same name and type that can be addressed using indexes. Each array element can be used like other variables. The document provides an example of declaring and initializing an array, and discusses passing arrays to methods, multi-dimensional arrays, and includes sample code for adding to an array index and printing an array. It also outlines a program to randomly generate dice rolls based on user input and output the results.

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John Mathias
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50 views10 pages

Arrays: Jeffrey Miller, PH.D

This document discusses arrays in CSCI 201. It defines arrays as groups of memory locations with the same name and type that can be addressed using indexes. Each array element can be used like other variables. The document provides an example of declaring and initializing an array, and discusses passing arrays to methods, multi-dimensional arrays, and includes sample code for adding to an array index and printing an array. It also outlines a program to randomly generate dice rolls based on user input and output the results.

Uploaded by

John Mathias
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Arrays

CSCI 201
Principles of Software Development

Jeffrey Miller, Ph.D.


[email protected]
Outline
• Arrays
• Program

2/10
USC CSCI 201L
Arrays
▪ An array is a group of memory locations related by the
fact that they all have the same name and the same type
▪ Arrays can be addressed using brackets with the index (or
position number) inside the brackets
› The first element of an array is in the 0th position
› So arrays are addressed from 0 to one less than the length of
the array
▪ Each element in an array can be used just as the other
scalar variables we have discussed
▪ To define an array, you have to use the “new” operator
int nums[] = new int[10];
char names[] = new char[20];

Arrays USC CSCI 201L 3/10


Array Sample Code
1 public class ArrayClass {
2 public static void main(String [] args) {
3 double darr[] = new double[4];
4 darr[0] = 10.1;
5 darr[1] = 11.2;
6 darr[2] = 12.3;
7 darr[3] = 13.4;
8 System.out.print(darr[0]);
9 Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
10 darr[2] = scan.nextDouble();
11 System.out.println(darr[2]);
12 }
13 }

Arrays USC CSCI 201L 4/10


Symbolic Constants
▪ Often array sizes are specified in constants that can be
used throughout the program
▪ To define a constant, make the variable
public static final
1 public class Constants {
2 public static final int SIZE = 10;
3 public static void main(String [] args) {
4 int numArray[] = new int[SIZE];
5 for (int i=0; i < SIZE; i++) {
6 numArray[i] = 1;
7 }
8 }
9 }

Arrays USC CSCI 201L 5/10


Passing Arrays to Methods
▪ When defining the method, the size of the array is omitted
because we can get the size from the array itself
▪ When calling the method, the brackets are left off completely
▪ Arrays are not primitive variables, so they are passed by reference

1 public class ArrayTest {


2 public static void myMethod(int numArr[]) {
3 int sizeOfArray = numArr.length;
4 }
5 public static void main(String [] args) {
6 int numArray[] = new int[10];
7 myMethod(numArray);
8 }
9 }

Arrays USC CSCI 201L 6/10


Array Example
1 public class ArrayTest {
2 public void addToIndex(float myArray[], int index, float amount) {
3 myArray[index] += amount;
4 }
5
6 public void printArray(float myArr[]) {
7 for (int count=0; count < myArr.length; count++) {
8 System.out.println(“arr[“ + count + “] = “ + myArr[count]);
9 }
10 }
11
12 public static void main(String [] args)
13 float arr[] = new float[10];
14 for (int i=0; i < arr.length; i++) {
15 arr[i] = Math.random() * 20.0f;
16 }
17 ArrayTest at = new ArrayTest();
18 at.printArray(arr);
19 at.addToIndex(arr, 3, 20.4f);
20 at.printArray(arr);
21 }
22 }

Arrays USC CSCI 201L 7/10


Multi-Dimensional Arrays
▪ You are able to have multiple dimensions on an array
instead of just one index

1 int my2DArray[][] = new int[10][20];


2 for (int i=0; i < my2DArray.length; i++) {
3 for (int j=0; j < my2DArray[i].length; j++) {
4 my2DArray[i][j] = 10;
5 }
6 }

Arrays USC CSCI 201L 8/10


Outline
• Arrays
• Program

9/10
USC CSCI 201L
Program
▪ Write a program that randomly generates dice rolls. The number
of rolls will be provided by the user. Output the number of times
each number occurred followed by the percentage. Here is a
sample execution with user input bolded.
c:\>java csci201.Dice
How many rolls? 5000
The number 1 occurred 800 times (16%).
The number 2 occurred 750 times (15%).
The number 3 occurred 850 times (17%).
The number 4 occurred 825 times (16.5%).
The number 5 occurred 775 times (15.5%).
The number 6 occurred 800 times (16%).
c:\>

Program USC CSCI 201L 10/10

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