Category 1: irregular ending with no vowel change, V2=V3

group 1: d ending changes to t, ent changes to end

bend bent bent : menekuk
build built built : membangun
lend lent lent : meminjamkan
send sent sent : mengirim
spend spent spent : menghabiskan
group 2: the verbs have and make
have \ has had had : mempunyai/memiliki
make made made : membuat
group 3: regular (V2, V3) in US English, irregular in UK English
learn learned \ learnt learned \ learnt : belajar
burn burned \ burnt burned \ burnt : membakar
smell smelled \ smelt smelled \ smelt : membaui
spell spelled \ spelt spelled \ spelt : mengeja
spill spilled \ spilt spilled \ spilt : tumpah
spoil spoiled \ spoilt spoiled \ spoilt : memanjakan
group 4: ay ending changes to aid
lay laid laid : merebahkan, meletakkan
say said said : mengatakan
pay paid paid : membayar

Category 2: Vowel change, irregular ending, V2=V3

group 5: vowel change , d or t ending
creep crept crept : merayap, merangkak
feed fed fed : memberi makan
feel felt felt : merasa
keep kept kept : menyimpan, menjaga
kneel knelt \ kneeled knelt \ kneeled : berlutut
meet met met : bertemu
sleep slept slept : tidur
sweep swept swept : menyapu
weep wept wept : menangis
*leave left left : meninggalkan

group 6: different pronunciation of the same vowel

deal dealt dealt : berurusan
dream dreamed \ dreamt dreamed \ dreamt : bermimpi
lean leaned \ leant leaned \ leant : bersandar
leap leapt leapt : melompat
mean meant meant : berarti
read read read : membaca
hear heard heard : mendengar

group 7: ell turns to old

sell sold sold : menjual
tell told told : memberitahu
group 8: vowel change with ought (or *aught) ending
bring brought brought : membawa
buy bought bought : membeli
fight fought fought : berjuang, melawan
seek sought sought : mencari
think thought thought : berpikir
catch caught caught : menangkap
teach taught taught : mengajar

Category 3: Verbs with the same form V1=V2=V3

group 9: Verbs that do not change
bet bet bet : bertaruh
bid bid bid : menawar, meminta
broadcast broadcast broadcast : menyiarkan
(broadcasted) (broadcasted)
burst burst burst : meledak
cost cost cost : membayar, berharga
cut cut cut : memotong
fit fit fit :
hit hit hit : memukul
hurt hurt hurt : menyakiti
let let let : membiarkan
put put put : menempatkan, menaruh
set set set : mengatur
shut shut shut : menutup
spread spread spread : menyebar
quit quit quit : berhenti

Category 4: Vowel change, V3 ending with (e)n

group 10: V2 and V3 with long /o / sound
break broke broken : mematahkan
choose chose chosen : memilih
freeze froze frozen :
speak spoke spoken : berbicara
steal stole stolen : mencuri
awake awoke awoken : bangun, bangkit
wake woke woken : bangun
weave wove woven : menenun

group 11: V2 long o sound, V3 shirt /i/ sound

arise arose arisen : muncul, timbul
rise rose risen : muncul, naik
ride rode ridden : mengendarai, naik
drive drove driven : menyetir
write wrote written : menulis
group 12: The following verbs:
bite bit bitten : menggigit
hide hid hidden : makan
eat ate eaten : menyembunyikan
give gave given : memberi
forgive forgave forgiven : memaafkan
forbid forbade forbidden : melarang
forget forgot forgotten : lupa
get got gotten : mendapatkan
shake shook shaken : menggoncang
take took taken : mengambil
see saw seen : melihat
beat beat beaten : mengalahkan
fall fell fallen : jatuh
lie lay lain : bohong

group 13: the ear-ore-orn pattern

bear bore born : menopang, menderita
swear swore sworn : bersumpah
tear tore torn : merobek
wear wore worn : memakai
group 14: V1 with ow, V2 with ew, V3 with own
blow blew blown : meniup
grow grew grown : tumbuh
know knew known : mengetahui, mengenal
throw threw thrown : melempar
fly flew flown : terbang
draw drew drawn : menggambar, menarik

Category 5: regular V2, regular or irregular V3

group 15
show showed showed \ shown : menunjukkan
sow sowed sowed \ sown : menabur
mow mowed mowed \ mown : memotong rumput
swell swelled swelled \ swollen : membengkak
sew sewed sewed \ sewn : menaruh, menunjukkan
shine shone shone : bersinar

Category 6: vowel change, no ending, V2=V3

group 16: vowel change pattern, no ending
dig dug dug : menggali
stick stuck stuck : meletakkan, menikam
spin spun spun : berputar
sting stung stung : menyengat
strike struck struck : mengikat
swing swung swung : berayun
hang hung hung : menggantung
slide slid slid : meluncur
light lighted \ lit lighted \ lit : menyalakan, menyulut
shoot shot shot : menembak
group 17: vowel change pattern i - ou - ou
bind bound bound : mengikat
find found found : menemukan
grind ground ground : mengelilingi, menyediakan
wind wound wound :

group 18: vowel change ee - e - e

bleed bled bled : berdarah
feed fed fed :
flee fled fled :
lead led led : memimpi
speed sped (speeded) sped (speeded) : mengatur kecepatan mesin

Category 7: The craziest verbs!

group 19: vowel change pattern i - a - u
begin began begun : mulai
drink drank drunk : minum
ring rang rung : mbunyikan
shrink shrank shrunk : menyusut
sing sang sung : bernyanyi
sink sank sunk : tenggelam
spin span (spun) spun : berputar
spring sprang sprung : melompat, meledakkan
swim swam swum : berenang

group 20: vowel change, V1=V3

come came come : datang
become became become : menjadi
run ran run : lari, menjalankan

group 21: miscellaneous

am/is/are was/were been :
go went gone : pergi
dive dove dived : menyelam
do did done : melakukan, mengerjakan
hold held held : memegang, menahan
stand stood stood : berdiri
understand understood understood : memahami, mengerti
sit sat sat : duduk
win won won : menang
lose lost lost : kehilanggan