Scribd
Upload
36 views

Structural Design Study Theory Approach

This document discusses the structural design study approach for aircraft. It explains that aircraft loads are the forces that structural components must withstand, such as air pressure, inertia, and ground reactions. The determination of design loads involves studying air pressures and inertia forces during prescribed maneuvers. Important considerations in determining the load analysis include the amount of structural weight involved and ensuring accurate load predictions for movable surfaces and other systems.

Uploaded by

Venkat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
36 views

Structural Design Study Theory Approach

This document discusses the structural design study approach for aircraft. It explains that aircraft loads are the forces that structural components must withstand, such as air pressure, inertia, and ground reactions. The determination of design loads involves studying air pressures and inertia forces during prescribed maneuvers. Important considerations in determining the load analysis include the amount of structural weight involved and ensuring accurate load predictions for movable surfaces and other systems.

Uploaded by

Venkat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

STRUCTURAL DESIGN STUDY

THEORY APPROACH

1
STRUCTURAL DESIGN STUDY – THEORY APPROACH

Aircraft loads are those forces and loadings applied to the airplanes
structural components to establish the strength level of the complete airplane.
These loadings may be caused by air pressure, inertia forces, or ground
reactions during landing. In more specialized cases, design loadings may be
imposed during other operations such as catapulted take-offs, arrested landings,
or landings in water.
The determination of design loads involves a study of the air
pressures and inertia forces during certain prescribed maneuvers, either in the
air or on the ground. Since the primary objective is an airplane with a
satisfactory strength level, the means by which this result is obtained is
sometimes unimportant. Some of the prescribed maneuvers are therefore
arbitrary and empirical which is indicated by a careful examination of some of
the criteria.
Important consideration in determining the extent of the load
analysis is the amount of structural weight involved. A fairly detailed analysis
may be necessary when computing operating loads on such items as movable
surfaces, doors, landing gears, etc. proper operation of the system requires an
accurate prediction of the loads.
Aircraft loads is the science of determining the loads that an
aircraft structure must be designed to withstand. A large part of the forces that
make up design loads are the forces resulting from the flow of air about the
airplane’s surfaces-the same forces that enable flight and control of the aircraft.

Load factors

In normal straight and level flight the wing lift supports the weight
of the airplane. During maneuvers or flight through turbulent (gusty) air,
however, additional loads are imposed which will increase or decrease the net

2
loads on the airplane structure. The number of additional loads depends on the
severity of the maneuvers or the turbulence, and its magnitude is measured in
terms of load factor.
The maximum maneuvering load factor to which an airplane is
designed depends on its intended usage. Fighters, which are expected to execute
violent maneuvers, are designed to withstand loads commensurate with the
accelerations a pilot can physically withstand. Long range, heavily loaded
bombers, on the other hand, are designed to low load factors and must be
handled accordingly.
For a typical two spar layout, the ribs are usually formed in three
parts from sheet metal by the use of presses and dies. Flanges are incorporated
around the edges so that they can be riveted to the skin and the spar webs Cut-
outs are necessary around the edges to allow for the stringers to pass through
Lightening holes are usually cut into the rib bodies to reduce the rib weight and
also allow for passage of control runs fuel electrics etc.

3
STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

The structural criteria define the types of maneuvers, speed, useful loads,
and gross weights which are to be considered for structural design analysis.
These are items which are under the control of the airplane operator. In
addition, the structural criteria must consider such items as inadvertent
maneuvers, effects of turbulent air, and severity of ground contact during
landing. The basic structural design criteria, from which the loadings are
determined, are based largely on the type of the airplane and its intended use.

You might also like