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Form 4 Chapter: Coordinate Geometry 6.1: The Distance Between Two Points

This document provides examples and explanations of key concepts in coordinate geometry, including finding the distance between points, dividing line segments, determining equations of lines, and identifying parallel and perpendicular lines. It includes 17 examples covering these topics, with the goal of teaching students coordinate geometry through step-by-step worked problems.

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Sharvinder Singh
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
127 views

Form 4 Chapter: Coordinate Geometry 6.1: The Distance Between Two Points

This document provides examples and explanations of key concepts in coordinate geometry, including finding the distance between points, dividing line segments, determining equations of lines, and identifying parallel and perpendicular lines. It includes 17 examples covering these topics, with the goal of teaching students coordinate geometry through step-by-step worked problems.

Uploaded by

Sharvinder Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre

Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal


Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

FORM 4

CHAPTER: COORDINATE GEOMETRY

6.1: The Distance between Two Points

Formula:

Example 1: Find the distance between each of the following pairs of points.

a) A(2,4) , B(5, -3) b) C(1,6) , D(2, -1) c) E(-1,1) , F(3, -2)

Example 2: Find the possible values of k for each pair of points and the distance given:

a) P(3,-2) , Q(1,h), PQ = √53 units b) P(h,-3) , Q(-2,1), PQ = √32 units

c) P(2,-1) , Q(h,2), PQ = √10 units d) P(7,h) , Q(h,3), PQ = √8 units


Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

6.2: Division of a Line Segment

Important Notes:

Example 3: Find the midpoint of each of the following pairs of points.

a) J(1,3) , K(5, -1) b) L(5,3) , M(7, 1) c) N(1,4) , P(7, 2)

Example 4: Find the values of p and q of each of the following

a) M(4,6) is the midpoint of the straight line b) M(p,2) is the midpoint of the straight line
joining A(p,-6) and B(5,q) joining E(-2,-5) and B(4,q)

c) M(3,6) is the midpoint of the straight line d) M(-4,q) is the midpoint of the straight line
joining G(p,-3) and H(-1,q) joining K(1,-3) and L(p,5)
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 5: Solve each of the following:

a) Given that P(-2,5), Q and R(7,2) are b) Given that P(-3,-9), Q and R(4,5) are
collinear such that PQ:QR = 1:2. Find the collinear such that PQ:PR = 2:7. Find the
coordinates of Q coordinates of Q

c) Given that P(2,-1), Q and R(5,8) are d) Given that P(-5,4), Q and R(5,-1) are
collinear such that PQ:QR = 2:1. Find the collinear such that PQ:PR = 2:5. Find the
coordinates of Q coordinates of Q

e) Given the points P(-2,2) and Q(7,8). Point R f) The coordinates of P and Q are (2,-3) and
lies on the straight line PQ such that (6,5) respectively. If point R divides PQ in
2PR=RQ. Find the coordinates of point R. the ration of 1:3, find the coordinates of
point R.
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 6: Solve each of the problems.

a) Given that F(p,4), G(1,7) and H(6,q) are b) Given that F(p,6), G(2,3) and H(7,q) are
collinear such that FG:GH = 3:5. Find the collinear such that FG:FH = 1:3. Find the
values of p and q. values of p and q.

c) Given that F(1,-3), G(3,1) and H(6,7) are d) Given that F(-1,p), G(1,2) and H(5,14) are
collinear such that FG:GH = m:n. Find the collinear such that FG:GH = m:n. Find the
ratio m:n ratio m:n and value of p.
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

6.3: Area of Polygons

Important Notes:

Example 7: Find the area of each of the following triangles and quadrilateral with the given vertices

a) D(2,3) , E(5,4) , F(3, -6) b) D(0,1) , E(2,3) , F(4,-1)

c) D(-2,0) , E(-1,3) , F(4,-2) d) D(1,3) , E(3,-1) , F(2,1)

e) D(-1,2) , E(6,3) , F(3,2) , G(1,-4) f) D(-2,1) , E(5,4) , F(4,-1) , G(2,-3)


Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

6.4: Equation of a Straight Line

Important Notes:

Example 8: Find the gradient, m, of a straight line that passes through the two given points:

a) P(3,1) and Q(9,4) b) P(-2,-3) and Q(8,-5) c) P(-2,3) and Q(1,9)

d) y-intercept = -6 e) y-intercept = 8 f) y-intercept = -9


x-intercept = 4 x-intercept = 12 x-intercept = 3

Example 9: Find the value of p for each of the following:

a) Gradient = 2 6 c) Gradient = 2
b) Gradient = − 5
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Types of equation of straight lines

Example 10: Find the equation of straight line, in gradient form.

a)
2
𝑚 = 3, G(-3, 6) b) (2, 3) , (4, 6) c) x – intercept = 1
y – intercept = 2

d) m = -3 , G(4, -5) e) (-4, 7) , (2, -3) f) x – intercept = 3


y – intercept = -7
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 11: Rewrite the equation in the intercept form. Find gradient, x – intercept and y – intercept.

a) y = 2x + 6 b) 3x + 2y = 24 c) 4x – 3y = 36

Example 12: Rewrite the equation of straight line in the general form ax + by + c = 0.
𝑥 𝑦
a) + −6 = 1 b) 6x = 5y + 12 c) 2y = 6 + 4x
3

Example 13: Find the point of intersection of the following pairs of straight lines.

a) y=x+2 b) 3x – 2y = 17
y = -2x + 5 2x + 3y = 7
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

c) y = 3x + 10 d) 2x + y = 6
y = -x + 2 x – 3y = 10

6.5: Parallel Lines and Perpendicular Lines:

Important Notes:

Example 14: Determine whether each of the following pairs of lines is parallel.

a) 2y – x = 7, x – 2y = 5 b) 4x + 6y = 5, 2x = 6 – 3y c) 3y – x = 6, 3x – 2y = 6
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 13: Given that each of the following pairs of straight lines are parallel. Find the value of p.

a) 3y – 4x – 15 = 0, (p – 5)x – 3y – 18 = 0 b) px + 6y – 12 = 0, 2x – 3y + 14 = 0

Example 15: Find the equation of the straight line in the general form that passes through point P and
parallel to the given straight line
𝑥 𝑦
a) 3y – 2x – 12 = 0, P(2, -5) b) 2y + 3x + 18 = 0, P(4, -2) c) + = 1, P(-3, -2)
9 2
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 16: Determine each of following pairs of line are perpendicular.

a) 3y – x = 6 b) 2x + y = 1 c) 3y – x = 12
3x + 2y = 12 -x + 2y = 6 3x – 2y = 8

Example 17: Given that each of the following pairs of lines are perpendicular. Find the value of n.

a) 2y – 3x + 14 = 0 b) y – 2x + 6 = 0 c) 2y – x + 8 = 0
(n – 2)x – 4y -16 = 0 nx – 6y – 12 = 0 (n + 1)x + 4y – 20 = 0
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 18: Find the equation of the straight line, that passes through point P and perpendicular to the
given straight line

a) 4y – 3x – 8 = 0 , P (1, -4) b) y – 2x + 7 = 0 , P (2, 6)

c) 3x + y – 7 = 0 , P (-1, 5) d) 4x + 3y + 24 = 0, P (-2, -6)


Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

6.6: Equation of a Locus

Important Notes:

Example 19: Find the equation of the locus of point L(x, y) which moves such that its distance is d units
from a fixed point P.

a) P(0, 2); d = 3 units b) P(3, -4); d = 7 units

c) P(-5, 0); d = 2 units d) P(-3, 6); d = 5 units

e) P(-2, -8); d = 6 units f) P(3, 7); d = 4 units


Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

Example 20: Solve each of the following

a) Given A(2, -3) and B(-1, 2). P(x, y) is a moving point such that AP:PB = 2:3. Find the equation
of locus P

b) Given A(-1, 2) and B(3, 4). P(x, y) is a moving point such that AP:PB = 1:2. Find the equation
of locus of P

c) A point P(x, y) moves such that it is always equidistant from two fixed point A(7, 7) and
B(-4, 0). Find the equation of locus of P.
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

d) Determine whether locus 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 3𝑥 + e) Determine whether locus 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 −


4𝑦 − 9 = 0 passes through the x-axis. 5𝑥 + 6𝑦 + 13 = 0 passes through y-axis
Form 4: Additional Mathematics Edu Ace Tuition Centre
Hokkien Building, Level 3, Jalan Yahya Awal
Chapter 6: Coordinate Geometry Contact: 013 – 459 2445 (Mr. Sharvinder)

HOMEWORK

CHAPTER 6: COORDINATE GEOMETRY

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