MECHANICS OF MATERIALS-I

Problem Sheet No. 1

1. A pipe of mean diameter 25 mm and area of cross-section 200 mm2 is subjected to a compressive
load of 200 kN. Find the compressive stress in the pipe. (Ans: 1 GPa)
85 mm
2. A circular bar made up of two different diameter lengths, as shown
in Fig. 1, is subjected to a tensile load of 180 kN. Find the tensile 180 kN

stress in each length. (Ans: 31.72 MPa, 54.24 MPa) 65 mm

Fig. 1
3. A rod of variable cross-section built in at one end is 310 kN 90 kN

subjected to three axial forces as shown in Fig. 2. Find the 180 kN

maximum normal stress.
A = 0.0012 m2
(Ans: 160 MPa, 75 MPa, 150 MPa) A = 0.0025 m2
Fig. 2
10 mm
4. A load of 100 kN is applied as shown in Fig. 3. Find the 8 mm
shear stress. (Ans: 400 MPa)

5. A circular punch 25 mm diameter is used to punch a hole in

100 kN
a plate 4 mm thick, as shown in Fig. 4. If the load on the
25 mm
punch is 1040 N, find the shear stress induced in the plate.
(Ans: 3.31 MPa) 30 mm
Fig. 3
6. Two 10 mm thick steel plates are fastened together, as shown 1040 N
in Fig. 5, by means of two 20 mm bolts that fit tightly into the
holes. If the joint transmits a tensile force of 45 kN, determine
25 mm
(a) the average normal stress in the plates at a section where
no holes occur
(b) the average normal stress at the critical section
4 mm
(c) average shear stress in the bolts 25 mm
(d) average bearing stress between the bolts and plates.
30 mm Fig. 4
(Ans: 30 MPa, 40.9 MPa, 71.62 MPa, 112.5 MPa,)

7. A solid cylinder of diameter ‘d’ carries an axial

150 mm

load ‘P’, show that the change in its diameter is

45 kN 45 kN
4 P
.
Ed Fig. 5

8. A standard steel specimen of 13 mm diameter elongates 0.22 mm in a 200 mm gauge length

when it was subjected to a tensile force of 29.5 kN. If the specimen was known to be in the
elastic range, what is the modulus of elasticity of the steel? (Ans: 202.05 GPa)

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9. A hollow right circular cylinder is made of cast iron and has an outside diameter of 70 mm and
inside diameter of 60 mm. If the cylinder is loaded by an axial compressive force of 40 kN.
Determine the total shortening in a 600 mm. length. Also determine the normal stress under this
load. Take E = 100 GPa. (Ans: 0.235 mm, 39.2 MPa) 4m 4m 4m

10. The crane structure, shown in Fig. 6, supports a load of mass A B C D

1800 kg. If member AB is a steel bar 15 mm in diameter E

9m
(a) determine the force transmitted by member AB F
Mass
(b) determine the axial stress in member AB. G
(Ans: 23.52 kN, 133 MPa T) Steel bar, Fig. 6
A
area = 300 mm2 P
11. The axial stresses are 12 MPa C in
the wood post B and 150 MPa T in
the steel bar A, as shown in Fig. 7.
150 mm 250 mm Wood post,
Determine the load P. B area = 4500 mm2

(Ans: 70.875 kN) Fig. 7

25 N
12. Determine the stresses caused by the
applied force at A, B and C for the structure 0.15 m  0.3 m B

shown in Fig. 8.

0.3 m
(Ans: A = C = 0.667 kPa, A
0.1 m  0.15 m 0.15 m  0.15 m C
B = 1.111 kPa) 1.8 m 1.2 m

13. The concrete pier shown in Fig. 9 is loaded at the top with a Fig. 8
2
uniformly distributed load of 20 kN/m2. Investigate the 20 kN/m
state of stress at a level of 1 m above the base.
Gravitational force developed by concrete is 25 kN/m3. 0.5 m

(Ans: 28.75 kN/m2)

2m

14. A solid circular steel rod of 6 mm diameter and 150 mm

long is fastened to the end of a square brass bar 24 mm on
a side and 300 mm long; the geometric axis of the brass
being lying along the same line. An axial tensile force of 1.5 m 0.5 m

5 kN is applied at each of the extreme ends. Determine Fig. 9

the total elongation of the assembly. Est = 200 GPa and Ebr = 90 GPa.
(Ans: 0.16 mm)

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15. A solid circular brass bar 25 mm diameter is subjected to an axial tensile force of 40 kN.
Determine the decrease in diameter of the bar due to this load. E = 90 GPa and  = 0.28.
(Ans: 6.3310-3 mm)
16. A steel rod with a cross-sectional area of 160 mm2 is stretched between two fixed points. The
tensile load at 20C is 5.6 kN. What will be the stresses at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40C? At what
temperature will the stress be zero? Assume  = 12.5  10-6 /C; E = 200 GPa.
(Ans: 85 MPa, 60 MPa, 35 MPa, 10 MPa, – 15 MPa; 34C)
17. The diameter of the piston of a diesel engine is 300 mm and the maximum compressive pressure
in the cylinder is 3.5 MPa. The cylinder is held by four bolts whose effective diameter is 50 mm
and length 900 mm. Estimate the maximum tensile stress in each bolt and the elongation of each
bolt. E = 200 GPa. (Ans: 31.5 MPa, 0.14 mm)

18. A 40 mm diameter rod 6 m long elongates 12 mm under a load of 240 kN. The diameter
decreased 0.028 mm during the loading. Determine the following properties of the material:
(a) Poisson’s ratio (b) Young’s modulus (c) Shear modulus.
(Ans: 0.35; 95.5 GPa, 35.37 GPa)

19. An axial load of 430  103 N is slowly applied to a 25 mm  100 mm  2500 mm rectangular
bar. When loaded (the action is elastic) the 100 mm side measures 99.965 mm, and the length
has increased 2.500 mm. Determine Poisson’s ratio and Young’s modulus for the material.
(Ans: 0.35, 172 GPa)

20. A rectangular block sustains stresses in three directions at right angles to each other of 5 tensile,
4 compressive and 6 tensile MPa respectively. Assuming  = 0.3 and E = 13 GPa for this
material, determine the strain in each of the three directions and the values of the volume and
shear moduli. (Ans: 0.000338, –0.000562, 0.000438; 10.833 GPa, 5 GPa)

21. A rectangular steel block has the following dimensions x = 50 mm; y = 75 mm; z = 100 mm.
The faces of this block are subjected to uniformly distributed forces of 180 kN (tension) in the
x-direction, 200 kN (tension) in the y-direction, and 240 kN (compression) in the z-direction.
Determine the magnitude of a single system of forces acting only in the y-direction that would
cause the same deformation in the y-direction as the initial forces. Let  = 0.25.
(Ans: 250 KN)

22. A steel bar 25 mm in diameter is loaded in double shear until failure; the ultimate load is found
to be 5 kN. If the allowable stress is to be based on a factor of safety of 4, what must be the
diameter of a pin designed for an allowable load of 300 N in single shear be?
(Ans: 17.3 mm)

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23. A thin rectangular plate is uniformly deformed as 0.2 mm
S
shown in Fig. 10. Compute the shearing strain at ‘P’
R
associated with the two edges (PQ & PR) which were

250 mm
Q

0.38 mm
orthogonal in the undeformed state.
P
(Ans: 1560  rad)
500 mm
24. The bottom member, shown in Fig. 11 is of uniform
Fig. 10
cross-section and can be assumed to be rigid. Find the
Al, 12 mm dia. Steel, 8 mm dia.
value of the distance ‘x’ if the lower member is to be
horizontal. Esteel = 3 EAl (Ans: 612.5 mm)
150 mm

L
25. The following data were obtained during the tensile test of x

a circular cold-rolled steel specimen of diameter 13 mm. W

At the time of rupture the final diameter of the bar at the 1m

section where failure occurred was 7.5 mm. The original Fig. 11
55 mm gauge length had increased to 75 mm. From the given data, determine the proportional
limit of the material, the modulus of elasticity, the percentage reduction of area, the percentage
elongation, the ultimate strength, breaking strength and the actual stress at failure. Plot the stress-
strain curve.

Axial Load Elongation Axial Load Elongation Axial Load Elongation

(kN) (mm) (kN) (mm) (kN) (mm)
0.0 0.000 24.2 0.050 28.0 1.250
5.0 0.010 26.8 0.055 31.0 2.500
7.4 0.015 29.0 0.060 37.4 5.000
9.6 0.020 27.6 0.100 39.6 7. 500
12.2 0.025 27.8 0.200 40.4 10.000
14.5 0.030 27.8 0.300 40.4 12.500
17.0 0.035 27.8 0.400 39.6 15.000
19.4 0.040 27.6 0.500 38.0 17.500
21.8 0.045 27.8 0.600 35.6 18.750

(Ans: P = 218.5 MPa, E = 200 GPa, % reduction of area = 66.7, % elongation = 36.6,
U = 304.4 MPa, B = 268.2 MPa, F = 805.8 MPa)
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