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Even and Odd Functions

An even function has a graph that is symmetric to the y-axis, so that f(-x) = f(x). An odd function has a graph that is symmetric to the origin, so that f(-x) = -f(x). A function can be classified as even, odd, or neither based on its graphical symmetry or by algebraically substituting -x for x and comparing the resulting expressions. Examples are provided of functions classified as even, odd, or neither based on their algebraic properties. Practice problems then classify additional functions as even, odd, or neither graphically and algebraically.

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2K views2 pages

Even and Odd Functions

An even function has a graph that is symmetric to the y-axis, so that f(-x) = f(x). An odd function has a graph that is symmetric to the origin, so that f(-x) = -f(x). A function can be classified as even, odd, or neither based on its graphical symmetry or by algebraically substituting -x for x and comparing the resulting expressions. Examples are provided of functions classified as even, odd, or neither based on their algebraic properties. Practice problems then classify additional functions as even, odd, or neither graphically and algebraically.

Uploaded by

John Mixer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Even and Odd Functions

A Function can be classified as Even, Odd or Neither. This classification can be


determined graphically or algebraically.
Graphical Interpretation -
Even Functions: Odd Functions:
Have a graph that is Have a graph that is
symmetric with respect symmetric with respect
to the Y-Axis. to the Origin.

Origin – If you spin the picture upside down


Y-Axis – acts like a mirror
about the Origin, the graph looks the same!

Origin

Algebraic Test – Substitute (−𝑥) in for 𝑥 everywhere in the function and analyze the
results of 𝑓(−𝑥), by comparing it to the original function 𝑓(𝑥).
Even Function: 𝒚 = 𝒇(𝒙) is Even when, for each 𝑥 in the domain of
𝑓(𝑥), 𝑓(−𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥)
Odd Function: 𝒚 = 𝒇(𝒙) is Odd when, for each 𝑥 in the domain of
𝑓(𝑥), 𝑓(−𝑥) = −𝑓(𝑥)
Examples:
a. 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒 b. 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟑 − 𝟐𝒙 c. 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒

𝒇(−𝒙) = (−𝒙)𝟐 + 𝟒 𝒇(−𝒙) = (−𝒙)𝟑 − 𝟐(−𝒙) 𝒇(𝒙) = (−𝒙)𝟐 − 𝟑(−𝒙) + 𝟒

𝒇(−𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒 𝒇(−𝒙) = −𝒙𝟑 + 𝟐𝒙 𝒇(−𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒

𝒇(−𝒙) = 𝒇(𝒙) 𝒇(−𝒙) = −(𝒙𝟑 − 𝟐𝒙) = −𝒇(𝒙) 𝒇(−𝒙) ≠ 𝒇(𝒙) ≠ −𝒇(𝒙)

Even Function! Odd Function! Neither!


Even and Odd Functions - Practice Problems
A. Graphically determine whether the following functions are Even, Odd, or Neither

1. 2. 3.

B. Algebraically determine whether the following functions are Even, Odd, or Neither

1. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 2
2. 𝑓(𝑥) = −𝑥 2 + 10
3. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 4𝑥
4. 𝑓(𝑥) = −𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 − 2
5. 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 4 − 𝑥 2 + 4
6. 𝑓(𝑥) = |𝑥 + 4|
7. 𝑓(𝑥) = |𝑥| + 4
8. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 2 + 4
3
9. 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥
10.𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥√𝑥 2 − 1
Answers:
Section A (Graphs) Section B (Algebra)
1. Odd 1. Neither
2. Neither 2. Even
3. Even 3. Odd
4. Neither
5. Even
6. Neither
7. Even
8. Even
9. Odd
10. Odd

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