Exp No: 01 INTRODUCTION TO STAAD PRO

AIM:
To study about STAAD.Pro (Structural analysis and design computer program)

INTRODUCTION TO STAAD PRO

STAAD.Pro is widely used software for structural analysis and design from Research
Engineers International .The STAAD.Pro Graphical User Interface (GUI) is used to
generate the model, which can then be analysed using the STAAD engine. After
analysis and design is completed, the GUI can also be used to view the results
graphically.

CREATING A NEW STRUCTURE

A Space type is one where the structure, the loading or both, cause the structure to deform in
all 3 global axes (X, Y and Z).
A Plane type, the geometry, loading and deformation are restricted to the global X-Y plane
only.
A Floor type is a structure whose geometry is confined to the X-Z plane.
A Truss type of structure carries loading by pure axial action. Truss Members are deemed
incapable of carrying shear, bending and torsion. For our model, let us choose Plane.

We choose Meter as the length unit and Kilo Newton as the force unit in which we will start to
build the model. The units can be changed later if necessary, at any stage of the model creation.

1. In the next dialog box, we choose the tools to be used to initially construct the model.
Add Beam, Add Plate or Add Solid are respectively, the starting points for constructing
beams, plates or solids. Generally to design a beam, let us click the Add Beam option.
Click on the Finish button. The dialog box will be dismissed and the STAAD.Pro
graphical environment will be displayed.

UNITS
1. To change the length units from feet to inch, click on the Input Units icon from the
appropriate toolbar.

2. Alternatively, one may select the Tools | Set Current Input Unit menu option
 3. In either case, the following dialog box comes up. Set the Length Units toMeter and
click on the OK button.

GENERATING GEOMETRY
The structure geometry consists of joint numbers, their coordinates, member numbers, the
Member connectivity information, plate element numbers, etc.
STEPS:
1. We selected the Add Beam option earlier to facilitate adding beams to create the
structure. This initiates a grid in the main drawing area as shown below. The directions
of the global axes (X,Y,Z) are represented in the icon in the lower left hand corner of
the drawing area.
2. A Snap Node/Beam dialog box also appears in the data area on the right side of the
screen. The Linear tab is meant for placing the construction lines perpendicular to one
another along a "left to right - top to bottom" pattern, as in the lines of a chess board.
The Radial tab enables construction lines to appear in a spider-web style, which makes
it is easy to create circular type models where members are model as piece-wise linear
straight line segments.
3. To start creating the nodes, let us first activate the Snap Node/Beam button by clicking
on it. Then, with the help of the mouse, click at the origin (0, 0) to create the first node.
4. In a similar fashion, click on the following points to create nodes and automatically join
successive nodes by beam members. (0, 15), (20, 15), and (20, 0) The exact location of
the mouse arrow can be monitored on the status bar located at the bottom of the window
where the X, Y, and Z coordinates of the current cursor position are continuously
 updated. When steps 1 to 4 are completed, the structure will be displayed in the drawing
area as shown below.
5. At this point, let us remove the grid from the structure. To do that, click on the Close
button in the Snap Node/Beam dialog box. The grid will now be removed and the
structure in the main window should resemble the figure shown below.

RESULT:
Thus the introduction about Structural analysis and design computer program is studied
successfully.
Exp No: 02 ASSIGNING PROPERTIES AND ASSIGNING SUPPORTS
AIM:
To assign properties for members and assign supports for entire structures.

PROPERTY SPECIFICATION
STEPS:
1. Click on the Property Page icon located on the Structure Tools toolbar.
2. Alternatively, one may go to the General | Property page from the left side of the screen.
3. In either case, the Properties dialog box comes up. The property type we wish to assign
is called PRISMATIC, and is available under the Define button in the Properties dialog
box.
4. In the dialog box that comes up, select the Rectangle tab. Notice that the field called
Material is presently on the checked mode. If we keep it that way, the material
properties of concrete (E, Poisson, Density, Alpha, etc.) will be assigned along with the
cross-section name. The material property values so assigned will be the program
defaults.
5. To create another member property, in the Property dialog box, select the Circle option.
Specify the diameter (YD).
6. Now that we have finished creating the member properties, close this dialog box.
7. The next step is to assign these member properties in the following manner:
Rect0.30x0.28 .members 1 and 4
Rect0.35x0.28 .members 2 and 5
Cir 0.35 .member 3
8. To assign the member properties, follow these steps:
a. Select the first property reference in the Properties dialog box (Rect 0.30x28).
b. Make sure that the .Use Cursor to Assign button is selected under the Assignment
Method box.
c. Click on the Assign button. The cursor changes to
d. Using the cursor, click on members 1 and 4.
e. Finally, click on the Assign button again, or type the Esc button on your keyboard
to stop the assignment process.
9. In a similar fashion, assign the remaining properties.
10. After the entire member properties have been assigned.
SUPPORT SPECIFICATION

STEPS:

1. To create supports, click on the Support Page icon located in the Structure Tools
toolbar.
2. Alternatively, one may go to the General | Support Page from the left side of the
screen.
3. In either case, the Supports dialog box comes up. Since us already know that nodes 1,
4 and 5 are to be associated with the fixed supports, using the Nodes Cursor, select
these nodes.
4. Then, click on the Create button in the Supports dialog box.
5. The Create Support dialog box comes up. In the dialog box, the fixed tab happens to
be the default which is convenient for this case. Click on the Assign button
 Fixed support
 Pinned Support
 Enforced But
6. After the supports have been assigned, the structure will look like the one shown
below
RESULT:
Thus the assigning properties and assigning supports for entire structure are studied and
worked in program successfully.
Exp No: 03 ASSIGNING DIFFERENT TYPE OF LOADS
AIM:
To assign different types of loads and combination of loads.

LOAD SPECIFICATION
STEPS:
1. To create loads, first click on the Load Page icon located on the top tool bar.
2. Alternatively, one may go to the General | Load Page from the left side of the screen.
3. Notice that a window titled Load appears on the right-hand side of the screen. To create
the first load case, highlight Load Cases Details and then click on the Add button in the
Load dialog box.
4. The Add New Load Cases dialog box comes up. The drop-down list box against
Loading Type is available in case we wish to associate the load case we are creating
with any of the ACI, AISC or IBC definitions of Dead, Live, Ice, etc.
5. The newly created load case will now appear under the Load Cases Details option.
6. In the Add New Load Items dialog box. There are various types of loads which can be
applied on members, node and plate.

a. SELF WEIGHT
b. NODAL LOAD
c. MEMBER LOAD

RESULT:
Thus the assigning loads and combination of loads are studied and worked in program
successfully.
Exp No: 04 ANALYSIS OF FRAMED STRUCTURE
AIM:
To create and analyse the frame by using STAAD Pro

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:

STAAD PRO V8i

Procedure in STAAD Pro:

Preprocessing:

1. Create model
a) New project> plane> length units as m> force units as KN>type the file name as
truss> next> add beam.
b) Snap node/ beam > edit> X in right = 4, X spacing 6 m, Y in right=1, Y spacing=3>
ok.
c) Now draw the truss model by using snap node/ beam.
2. Property
a) General> property>section database> Indian> channel> IS MC 125> add
b) Select ISMC 125>assign to view> yes.
3. Support
Support> create> fixed> release the displacement in X- axis by selecting FX, MX, MY,
MZ.> add> use cursor to sign > assign.
4. Load
a) Load and definition> load case detail> add>change the title as DL> add.
b) DL>self weight> uniform forces> W1 = -50 KN/m> add> close.
c) Assign the load in the top the beam by using the cursor.
5. Analysis
Analysis& print> add> close>analyse> run analyse> save> post processing> done.
Post-processing:
a) In post-processing you have to see the deflection, bending moment, shear, axial
forces, stresses and everything by turn on the particular specified icons for all the load
combinations already given.
b) Results> plate rest contour> stress type MX> apply> close.
c) You can also see the animations of displacement in it.

Result:
Thus the frame is created and analysed by using STAAD Pro.
Exp No: 05(a) CONCRETE DESIGN: BEAM AND COLUMN DESIGN

AIM:
To design reinforced concrete beam and column using staad pro

Procedure is same for beams and columns except the selection method.
PROCEDURE FOR R.C. BEAM DESIGN:

1. Create a model in Staad pro, analysis the structure and then go to post processing to
note down the results.
2. Click Concrete design and it displays you the structure on the interface.
3. Click envelopes from left side of the interface.
4. Click new envelope Give the name OK.
5. A dialog box pops up, uncheck show combinations, it displays you the load applied on
the structure. Drag it to the envelope and Click OK.
6. Select members from left side. Keep the structure in front view. Select all the members
in horizontal direction.
7. Select members’ auto form members. Members along horizontal direction will be
added as members.
8. Select groups/briefs Click new brief click OK.
9. A dialog box appears. Give the name select IS 456 select beam click OK.
10. Give the reinforcement value according to your structural needs and click OK.
11. Create a new group select the brief which you have created click OK.
12. Again, keep the structure in front view; select all the members in horizontal direction.
Right click add members to design group select the design group (if created many)
add OK.
13. Next, click design on the left side, selected the members and click design. The members
will be designed and displays you the various types of beam reinforcement, stress
values, schedules etc.
14. Concrete designs for beams are designed with reinforcement details.
15. To view other values, click on the topic on the left side, the values will be displayed on
the interface.

PROCEDURE FOR R.C. COLUMN DESIGN

1. Column design is done for the same structure in concrete design.

2. Click new envelope name it as column click OK.
3. A dialog box pops up, uncheck show combinations, it displays you the load applied on
the structure. Drag it to the envelope and Click OK.
4. Keep the structure in front view select all the vertical members.
5. Click members auto form members. Selected members will be added to the
envelope.
6. Select brief add a new brief name it as column click OK
7. Give column factors, member load casesand click OK.
8. Select new design group select the brief as column click OK.
9. Again keep the structure in front view, select all the vertical members. Right click,
select add members to design group add click OK.
 10. Next, click design on the left side, selected the members and click design. The members
will be designed and displays you the various types of column reinforcement, stress
values, schedules etc.
11. Concrete designs for columns are designed with reinforcement details.
12. To view other values, click on the topic on the left side, the values will be displayed on
the interface.

Result:
Thus the design of beam and column is carried out using staad program.
Exp No: 05(b) WATER TANK DESIGN

AIM:
To create and analyse the rectangular water tank by using STAAD Pro

PROCEDURE FOR RECTANGULAR WATER TANK:

1. Create model
a) New project> plane> length units as m> force units as KN>type the file name as
rectangular water tank>next> add beam.
b) Geometry> run structural wizard> frame model> bay frame>type the length as 4,
no.of bays along length as 1, height as 10, no.of bays along height as 3>width as
4m >no.of bays along width ad 1 apply & transfer the model to STAAD Pro
screen.
c) Then change the characteristics bay along height as 4,4, 2
d) Now apply and transfer the model to STAAD screen.
2. Create plate
a) Mesh> create mesh for plates> quadrilateral meshing> ok > apply.
b) Similarly create mesh for all side walls.
c) Then delete all the beam element in the water tank.
3. Property
a) General> property> define> rectangular>0.23 x 0.23> add> close
b) Go to thickness> plate element thickness> 0.15.
c) Select rectangular and assign to view, Select the plate by using plate cursor and
assign it.
4. Support
Support> fixed support> select the bottom nodes> assign selected nodes.
5. Loads
a) Load case detail> add>DL>add> close.
b) DL> add> pressure on full plate> global direction y>W1 = -20 KN/m2> add>
close.

c) Select the bottom plate using plate cursor and assign it.
d) DL> add> plate load> hydrostatic >select plate > select the specified plate by
using cursor>done> W1= -20 KN/m2(depending on the z- axis direction) and W2
=0.001>global y axis& local Z axis> close.
e) Similarly give the load on the basis of z axis direction for all the side walls of the
tanks.
6. Design parameters
a) Design concrete> IS 456>define parameter> give Fc as 20000 KN/m2 for M20
concrete > FY as 415000 KN/m2> add> close.
b) Then go to commands>design beam> add>design column> add>take off >
close.
c) Select Fc> select entire structure using cursor> assign it to selected beams>
similarly do it for FY and ratio then assign it.

d) For beams > select the beams parallel to x direction and for columns column
parallel to y direction and then assign it.
 7. Analysis
Analysis& print> add> close>analyse> run analyse> save> post processing>
done.

Post-processing:

a) In post-processing you have to see the deflection, bending moment, shear,

axial forces, stresses and everything by turn on the particular specified icons for all
the load combinations already given.
b) Results> plate rest contour> stress type MX> apply> close.
c) Deflection and stresses acting in the water tank
d) You can also see the animations of displacement in it.

Result:
Thus the rectangular water tank is created and analysed by using STAAD Pro.
Exp No: 05(c) ONE WAY SLAB DESIGN

PROCEDURE FOR ONE WAY SLAB DESIGN:

1. Create a single beam with 4.16 m span length.

2. Assign the simply support on both the ends.
3. Assign a cross section of YD = 0.2 m and ZD = 1 m with concrete materials. ( Note:
Change the density value to 25)
4. Create two primary load cases as follows. (DL & LL)
5. Within the dead load add the self-weight and an UDL of 1 Kn/m. Repeat the steps to
add an UDL of 3 Kn/m to live load. Assign the loads to the created beam.
6. Create a combination load, which has the factor of safety of 1.5 for both the loads.
7. Add perform analysis command.
8. In the concrete design dialog box, select the indian code abd assign the design beam
command to the member with the following constraints. (Note: All the units are based
on Newton and Milli meter units)
 Clear cover = 40
 Compressive strength of concrete = 25
 Yield strength of primary and secondary steel = 415
 Minimum and maximum primary rod dia = 12
 Minimum and maximum secondary rod dia = 8
9. Run the analysis and cover verify the answers with manual design

Result:
Thus the one way slab is created and analysed by using STAAD Pro.
Exp No: 05(d) TWO WAY SLAB DESIGN

PROCEDURE FOR TWO WAY SLAB DESIGN:

1. Create a frame structure for 4m x 4m

2. Geometry > Parametric models > add. Assign a name for the mesh to be created
 Select the top four corners and end with the start point.
 Meshing method = Advanced
 Element type = Quad
 Boundary connectivity = optimized ©
 Target element size = 1 m
 Default number of division of boundary edges = 10
 Select ‘No’ as a response for ‘Do you want to add opening?’
 Select ‘merge mesh’
3. Assign the fixed supports to the column start points.
4. Assign the following cross section with concrete materials.
 Column & Beam = 0.23 m x 0.23 m
 Elements = 0.15 m
5. Create a new primary load case and assign self-weight to the entire model.
6. Add the perform analysis command and run the analysis.
7. Note the max absolute stress value
8. Go back to geometry > parametric models
 Select ‘remove mesh’ and confirm the selection by pressing ‘yes’
 Change the target element size to 0.5 m and press ‘apply’
 Merge the mesh to the model.
9. Once again, assign the cross section and self-weight command to all the element and
member.
10. Run the analysis abd find the max absolute stress value.
11. Repeat the steps 8 to 10 and find the optimized size of the elements.
12. Assign the following loads.
 Dead load
i. Self-weight
ii. Pressure on full plate (floor finish)
 Live load
i. Pressure on full plate (live load)
 Load combination as per IS 456
13. Run the analysis and find the element, which has the maximum absolute stress for the
combination load.
14. Design the element.

Result:
Thus the two way slab is created and analysed by using STAAD Pro.
Exp No: 05(e) STAIRCASE DESIGN

AIM:
To design the waist-slab type of the staircase as detailed below

 Finish load = 1 Kn/m2

 Live load = 5 Kn/m2
 Riser = 160 mm
 Tread = 270 mm
Assume M 25 grade concrete and Fe 415 steel

PROCEDURE FOR STAIRCASE DESIGN:

1. Generate the following nodes.

ID X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 1500 0 0
3 4200 1500 0
4 5700 1500 0
5 1500 0 3150
6 1500 0 1500
7 4200 1500 1500
8 5700 1500 3150
9 4200 1500 1650
10 4200 1500 1650
11 1500 3000 3150
12 1500 3000 1650
13 0 0 3150
 2. Use the ‘generate surfacing mesh’ command and generate the waist slab and landing,
assign the support as required.
3. Assign the following thickness
 Waist slab = 150
 Landing = 100
4. Assign the following loads
 Dead load
 Self-weight
 Finish load – pressure on full plate
 Live load – pressure on full plate
 Combination loads.
5. Add the perform analysis command
6. Run the analysis and check the max absolute stress value.
7. Cross verify the maximum absolute stress value with the maximum allowable shear
stress in table number 20 of IS 456.
Concrete grade M20 M25 M30 M35 M40 and
above
Maxim allowable 2.8 3.1 3.5 3.7 4
stress (N/mm2)

8. If the result in STAAD.Pro is more than the allowable stress, increase the thickness of
the element and repeat the steps 7 & 8 until get the allowable stress. (Note: The
difference between the result and allowable stress should be minimum).
9. Do the steps to do the element design for the element, which has the maximum stress
value. From that report get the area of steel required and do the design for rod details
manually.

Result:
Thus the staircase is created and analysed by using STAAD Pro.
Exp No: 05(f) SHEAR WALL DESIGN

AIM:
To design the shear wall using STAAD.Pro

PROCEDURE FOR SHEAR WALL DESIGN:

1. Create a structural model

 We will need surface elements stacked on top of each other to allow for
connection of the wall to the floor slab. The first part of the shear wall will
extend from foundation to the second floor level and vice-verse. Select the Add
surface cursor from the geometry toolbar and click in sequence on nodes of the
lower frame to form the perimeter of the surface element. The last click should
be on the first node in the sequence to close the elements boundary.
2. Repeat the above step to create the remaining surfaces.
3. Assign the supports along with additional supports for the lower shear wall element.
4. Assign a thickness of 230 mm with concrete materials to all surfaces.
5. Assign the loads as per standard.
6. Add the analysis command.
7. Click on the design and shear wall page tabs. The design page enables the user to input
all relevant parameters and direct the program to carry out the design.
8. Convert the surfaces into wall panels.
9. To define the design parameters, click the define parameters… button to bring up the
design parameters dialog box.
10. This box contains a number of tabbed pages, one for each of the parameters previously
selected. Make sure the shear wall element are selected. Input the desired values on
each page and click the assign button. If any of the pages are omitted, the corresponding
parameter will be taken at their default values. Click the close button. The parameters
for which their values have been input, may be viewed in the shear-wall design window.
Assign the parameters to the surfaces.
11. With the shear wall elements selected, click on the commands… button. The design
commands dialog box appears. Click assign to request shear wall design for the selected
surface elements. Click the close button. The input for shear wall design is now
complete.
12. Run the analysis and cross verify the results.

Result:
Thus the shear wall is created and analysed by using STAAD Pro.
Exp No: 05(d) FOUNDATION DESIGN
AIM:
To design the Foundation using STAAD.Pro

PROCEDURE FOR FOUNDATION DESIGN:

1. You may start a project from the File menu. You may start a New file, Open an existing
file or Import an analyse file from STAAD.Pro.
2. To start a new project, pull down the File menu and select the New menu command.
Then select foundation type as General Setup. Program will add additional tabs in the
main window to support general foundation design setup as shown in the following
figure.
3. The default page that opens when starting a new project is the General Information
page. The General Information page may also be invoked by clicking on the General
Information leaf under Main Navigator tab.
4. To enter the coordinates for supports that construct the foundation plan of a project,
click on the leaf called Column Position under Foundation Plan group in Main
Navigator pane.
Input the support coordinates (0,0,0), (10,0,0), (10,0,10), (0,0,15), (14,0,0) and (5,0,5)
for Nodes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively. Please make sure length unit is set as “ft”.
The tab key or the arrow keys may be used to move from one cell to the next in the
table. The supports along with their respective node numbers are displayed in the
Graphics Window.
5. In order to define loads, please click on the Loads & Factors group in the Main
Navigator pane.
6. Enter the title “Load Case 1” in the Load Title field. The Load Title allows you to give
each load case a descriptive name to help identify between load cases. Leave the Load
Type set as Primary.
7. To define serviceability and design factors for each load case in a project, you may use
the Safety Factor Table. To bring up the Safety Factors page, click on the Safety
Factors leaf under Loads and Factors group in Main Navigator pane.

Result:
Thus the foundation is created and analysed by using STAAD Pro.