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Solving Algebraic Equations: Math Review With Matlab

The document discusses solving transcendental equations in MATLAB. It describes using the solve command to find real or complex solutions to transcendental equations involving polynomials, exponentials, and logarithms. It also presents the poly2sym and sym2poly commands for converting between polynomial vectors and symbolic expressions. Examples are provided to demonstrate solving various types of transcendental equations and verifying the solutions.

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JakeerHussainShaik
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67 views10 pages

Solving Algebraic Equations: Math Review With Matlab

The document discusses solving transcendental equations in MATLAB. It describes using the solve command to find real or complex solutions to transcendental equations involving polynomials, exponentials, and logarithms. It also presents the poly2sym and sym2poly commands for converting between polynomial vectors and symbolic expressions. Examples are provided to demonstrate solving various types of transcendental equations and verifying the solutions.

Uploaded by

JakeerHussainShaik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Math Review with Matlab:

Solving Algebraic
Equations
Single Variable
Transcendental Equations
S. Awad, Ph.D.
M. Corless, M.S.E.E.
D. Cinpinski
E.C.E. Department
University of Michigan-Dearborn
Solving Algebraic Equations: Transcendental Equations
Math Review with Matlab U of M-Dearborn ECE Department

Solving Transcendental
Equations
 Solve Command
 Polynomial Transcendental Example
 Poly2sym Command
 Exponential Transcendental Example
 Complex Solution Example
2
Solving Algebraic Equations: Transcendental Equations
Math Review with Matlab U of M-Dearborn ECE Department

Solve Command
 The Symbolic Toolbox’s solve command is used to
solve both transcendental and algebraic equations

 solve(f) solves f in terms of the independent symbolic


variable closest to x. f must be a symbolic expression
or a entered as a text string enclosed by single quotes

 solve(f1,f2,...,fn) is used to solve multiple


equations by separating the symbolic equations by
commas as follows
3
Solving Algebraic Equations: Transcendental Equations
Math Review with Matlab U of M-Dearborn ECE Department

Polynomial Transcendental
Equation Example
 Use Matlab’s » syms x
Symbolic Toolbox » xs_sym=solve(x^2-3*x+2)
solve command
xs_sym =
to solve the
[ 1]
transcendental
equation:
[ 2]
» xs_dbl=double(xs)
x  3x  2  0
2 xs_dbl =
1 x1  1
2 x 2 2
4
Solving Algebraic Equations: Transcendental Equations
Math Review with Matlab U of M-Dearborn ECE Department

Poly2Sym Command
 The poly2sym(f) command converts a polynomial
coefficient vector to symbolic polynomial expression in
terms of the default symbolic variable x

 The poly2sym(f,'v') command converts a polynomial


coefficient vector to symbolic polynomial expression in
terms of the symbolic variable v

 The sym2poly command converts a symbolic


polynomial expression to a polynomial coefficient
vector
5
Solving Algebraic Equations: Transcendental Equations
Math Review with Matlab U of M-Dearborn ECE Department

Poly2sym Example
 Example: y  5x  2 x  x  x  10
4 3 2

» p=[5,2,-1,1,10]; Polynomial
» sym_exp=poly2sym(p) Vector

sym_exp = Symbolic
5*x^4+2*x^3-x^2+x+10 Expression
» poly_vec=sym2poly(sym_exp)

poly_vec =
Polynomial
5 2 -1 1 10 Vector
6
Solving Algebraic Equations: Transcendental Equations
Math Review with Matlab U of M-Dearborn ECE Department

Exponential Transcendental
Equation Example
Use the solve command to solve
e 2 x  3e x  54  0

the transcendental equation:


» xs_sym=solve(exp(2*x)+3*exp(x)-54)
xs_sym =
[ log(-9)]
[ log(6)]
» xs_dbl=double(xs)
xs_dbl =
2.1972 + 3.1416i Complex Solution
1.7918 Real Solution
7
Solving Algebraic Equations: Transcendental Equations
Math Review with Matlab U of M-Dearborn ECE Department

Verify Loge(-9)
 In Matlab, log is the
natural log of base e:
log e    ln(  )

 Verify ln(-) is a     e j
complex number :
 
ln  e j  ln   ln e j  
 ln   j ln e 
 
ln  e j  ln   j

 In this case
- = -9, so: ln( 9)  2.1972  j 3.1416
8
Solving Algebraic Equations: Transcendental Equations
Math Review with Matlab U of M-Dearborn ECE Department

Complex Solution Example


x e 5  0
 Solve the nonlinear equation: 2 x
 Verify the result
» syms x
» rt = solve('x^2+exp(x)+5')
rt =
3.5668799472626199482146544957277+
4.8873680198538466074569067078051*i

» z=subs('x^2+exp(x)+5',rt)
z =
30
.2e-30 z  0.2  10 0
9
Solving Algebraic Equations: Transcendental Equations
Math Review with Matlab U of M-Dearborn ECE Department

Summary
 The solve command can be used to solve
symbolic transcendental equations with real or
complex solutions

 poly2sym and sym2poly commands can be


used to convert polynomial vectors to/from
symbolic expressions

10

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