1.1 Theory & Concept: "A Business Has Two - and Only Two - Basic Functions: Marketing and Innovation."
1.1 Theory & Concept: "A Business Has Two - and Only Two - Basic Functions: Marketing and Innovation."
"A business has two - and only two - basic functions: marketing and innovation."
- Peter Drucker
The rapid pace of change and intense competitive pressure in today's marketplace
demand that brands continuously innovate and reinvent themselves to maintain their
relevance and market position. In this context, brand repositioning and other revitalization
strategies have become a business imperative for battling brand erosion. The appeal of brand
repositioning is further heightened by the rising costs and high risk associated with launching
a new brand.
Brand repositioning has received little attention in the marketing literature and has
mostly been treated as a variation of brand positioning. Biel, for example, has defined brand
positioning as "building (or rebuilding) an image for a brand". The goal of positioning and
repositioning strategies relates to the management of consumers' perceptions. However,
positioning focuses on the creation of brand associations - consumers' perceptions of the
attributes that differentiate the brand from competitive offers – while repositioning also
implies managing existing brand associations. The unique challenge of a repositioning
strategy, thus, lies in rejuvenating the brand image to make it relevant in an evolving
environment, while honoring the brand equity heritage.
Repositioning can be required as the market changes and new opportunities occur.
Through repositioning the company can reach customers they not intended to reach in the first
place. If a brand has been established at the market for some time and wish to change their
image they can consider repositioning, although one of the hardest actions in marketing is to
reposition a familiar brand.
Research into brand repositioning is relevant not only to the development of brand
management theory, but also extends to corporate strategy through an examination of
corporate brands.
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1.2 Literature Review
The repositioning strategy is rolled out in three stages: introductory, elaboration and
fortification stages. This involves the introduction of a new or a repositioned brand, seeking to
underline the brand’s value over others, and to broaden the brand proposition. It is truly tough
to change the customer’s perceived attitude towards a brand, and therefore the risk is great that
the attempt to repositioning might be unsuccessful.
After rolling out the strategy, it is time to modify the proposition through update of the
personality and through repositioning. There are benefits and risks with both of this segments
and it is of great significance that they are truly evaluated when deciding the next step in the
process. To further understand the stages stated above, figure.1 will guide you through the
different phases that follow after establish a brand proposition.
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The implication with the term” repositioning” is that a company modifies something
that is already present in the market and in the consumer’s mind. The definition of
repositioning changes different individuals and professions. To view the different definitions
and perceive a greater understanding about this concept, three examples of repositioning
given by individuals in different professions is stated below:
“Repositioning is a change, principally about trigging the vision, mission and value in a new
direction that is more suited for the brand in the future”. (Brand manager consultant)
“Repositioning is built upon the change unique and differentiated associations with the brand
in some kind of direction, it is about having a balance between the category party and
differentiation when using reposition strategies” (Leading brand strategist)
Price
Previous Position
Experienced quality
When striving towards a new position in the market, it is important to understand that
consumer’s minds are limited. People’s minds select what to remember and it is therefore
significant to convince the consumers with great arguments. The market demand changes
rapidly and therefore reposition can be necessary to meet these demands, newer and stronger
arguments have to be established to convince them to stay as loyal customers.
After examining the repositioning of several brands from the Indian market, the
following 9 types of repositioning have been identified. These are:
1. Increasing relevance to the consumer
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2. Increasing occasions for use
4. Falling sales
It is not always that these nine categories are mutually exclusive. Often one reason
leads to the other and a brand is repositioned sometimes for a multiplicity of reasons.
The benefits that can be derived from brand repositioning exercises can be
summarized as:
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Loss of focus
Neglecting original customers
Losing credibility for the brand
Confusing the brand
Attribute Positioning:
When the company launched its products, it was the first to bring quartz watches to
the Indian market. The company successfully leveraged this to penetrate the market and gain
a market share. Raga, Classique and Regalia come under this strategy. Classique has been
positioned as elegant corporate wear that leaves a quiet, but definite impression and fusion of
function and sophistication. Power dressing now has a new weapon! As Magic in gold and
bicolour look, the 'Regalia' range represents the essence of dress-wear. Raga has been
differentiated and positioned as exclusive watches for women. The Raga and Silver Raga
collection is elegant, delicate and feminine with each piece being truly unique.
User Positioning:
Titan caters to several user groups- children (the Dash), sportspersons and adventurers
(PSI4000 and Fastrack range). The Fastrack range is seen as being contemporary, sturdy and
reliable. The advertising, packaging and merchandising of this range is young, vibrant and
‘cool’ (the ad line says “Cool watches by Titan”)
Benefit Positioning:
The Fastrack Digital range offers the customer a functional watch that is also
attractive. The digital watch has a “techno-geek” image, but Titan seeks to differentiate its
offering on the basis of superior style and attractiveness.
Competitor Positioning:
With the entry of several foreign watchmakers into the market, Titan had to counter
the threat. Most of the entrants are catering to the upper end of the market- Omega, Tissot,
Cartier etc. Titan already had the Tanishq brand in this segment. However, it has tried to
reposition this brand by increasing the price range to encourage more customers.
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Quality or Price Positioning:
In the overseas market, especially in Europe where it is competing with Swiss and
Japanese watches, it is positioning itself as ‘value- for- money’: reasonably priced (less than
Swiss watches and higher than Japanese), attractively styled and of good quality. In Indian
market, Sonata is a perfect example of Price positioning, titan came up with this segment
when it was facing heavy competition from lower end segment.
With Titan positioning its range of watches as a life-style, the Indian market started
viewing watch more as a complement to dress than just a time showing machine. They are
also realising that, unlike other forms of art that are meant to be admired, high-end jewellery
watches have that added bonus: practical luxury with a function other than beauty. Watches
have joined the list of tie, deodorant and shoes to represent the occasion and flaunt your
status.
Dress Wear
Titan has three brands positioned for this segment: Nebula, Regalia and Insignia.
Nebula:
Marketed as the “Jewellery collection from Titan”, Nebula is targeted towards
affluent men who consider wearing gold jewellery a symbol of status. Magical blend of most
coveted of metals, Gold and craftsmanship; Nebula is more of a connoisseur watch with the
lowest price model at Rs.5500. It is marketed as a “watch for discerning individual”
positioned as a gold jewel.
Regalia:
“Incredibly eye-catching…. magic in gold”.
The watch uses the unique combination of gold and bicolour looks representing the
essence of dress-wear. In India, gold-look is associated with status but at the same time, the
silver-look is the fashion of the day in international watches. With the combination of both,
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this watch is targeted towards affluent businessmen. The elegant looks and colours make it a
strong competitor to the foreign brands like the Tissot, Piaget and Rado.
This is also marketed as a watch for gift “Special Watch for special occasion”,
positioning this as a costly gift.
Insignia:
‘The World Watch from Titan.’
The watch with fascinating designs and precision engineering was targeted towards
the European markets. The complexity of this watch is 10 times more than a regular titan
watch. Though it didn’t meet with much of a success in Europe, this tag line and keyword
“International” are used to position this watch as a world-class watch for international
traveller with European tastes.
Classic Watches
Watches that are for every-day use and those with less frills and more value are
classified as Classic watches. These watches are normally targeted towards middle and upper
middle-income class consumers.
Classique:
“Power dressing now has a new weapon!”
Royale:
“Collection of designs that suit everyday wear”.
Royale with its gold plated case and golden straps represents a formal every day
watch targeted towards the employees who can’t afford multiple watches for occasions. The
watch includes designs from simple to dressy eveningwear switching between informal and
formal looks based on the place and situation.
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Spectra:
“Designed for those who look beyond the ordinary”.
This brand from Titan extends over wide range of prices from 900-7000. It is a classic
premium watch with style, which boasts of combining the sturdiness of steel with richness of
gold. The positioning of the watch is not very clear as it is targeted towards the salary
earners with its lower price point models and appealing models for the corporate executives
at the higher end.
Sports Watches
In the Indian scenario the sport awareness is not quite there. And the market is not
mature enough that consumers buy special watches for sporting except in the super-premium
and segments above that. A sports watch in the mind of an average Indian is a polyamide
watch with stopwatch and trendy look. So there is no clear distinction between sports
watches and casual watches. But in the available market Timex, Casio, and Titan are major
players and after the lifting of QR restrictions, world famous Tag- Heur has also entered
India but in the Connoisseur segment of sports watches.
PSI2000:
Titan has introduced a range of contemporary Precision Sports watches. The brand is
marketed as tough, outdoor, adventure brand. (Psychographically segmented) Ranging from
800 to 7500, these watches are in direct competition with foreign brands like Swatch Irony.
Casual Wear:
The segment of watches that has a variety of brands and models to appeal to the youth
and mentally young people is casual wear. The watches in this segment are mainly sporty
watches, which are unconventional and typically symbolize the attitudes of younger
generation.
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Titan Fast Track
“Cool watches from Titan”.
The target audience for this watch, in the 20-35 age group include working adults and
postgraduate students of both sexes in metros and mini metros. The Fast Track user, in terms
of attitude is one who wears an informal dress, wears branded jeans, shirts, sunglasses and
branded informal shoes. The Fast Track personality is that of a young, energetic,
achievement oriented person, who seeks to express his or her individuality by braking free
from constraints of formal environment, without being a rebel. Built around the Cool
concept, this watch from Titan has virtually very few competitors because no one offers the
feature combination and price but Casio (in digital range) and Espirit and Swatch (in the
analog range) can be considered as competitors feature-wise.
Technology Watches
Wrist Watches have changed a lot from the inception- a time showing convenience
machine to a status symbol. But the underlying concept remained unchanged, convenience.
Stretching this concept a bit with the development of technology are the technology watches
available in the market. Watch for time, status has in the new technology era is looked for
convenience of carrying data. In to the competitive market with people willing to pay a
premium for that advantage, a good number of brands have ventured.
Technology (2350-8200):
“Multi-functional watches for the Tech-savvy”.
This brand is marketed as mergers of classic elegance and technological mastery
giving rise to multi-functional chronographs using the solar power. This brand is positioned
to compete against the Citizen’s EcoDrive.
Dress Wear
Titan has chiefly three brands in this category.
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Nebula (6000-65000)-
“The Jeweler’s Collection”
Nebula is a precious jewellery watch from Titan. It is marketed as ‘a magical blend
of most coveted of metals and engineering excellence’. The Nebula range of watches is
positioned as objects of ornamentation. A 21 carat gold watch, studded with gems it is
targeted at the upper most end of the market in competition with brands such as Rolex and
Cartier.
Regalia
Both the watches are exclusively designed to appeal to women more as an ornamental
possession than a watch. The Silver Raga has been crafted exclusively for the sophisticated
woman who believes in value-for-money and who wears silver jewellery with élan.
At the beginning, when the brands were launched, they were positioned as “Watches
for all dresses” with changeable dials matching the sari color. But the proposition was viewed
with skepticism and hence didn’t meet with much success. Keeping in mind Indian women’s
love for jewellery, both these brands are repositioned as a perfect accessory that completes a
woman's wardrobe.
Casual Wear
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Fastrack
The woman's collection presents the all-new international 'Frosted' look, which is
trendy and chic. The ad line : ‘Fastrack- ‘Cool watches from Titan’, aims at building the
brand around the ‘cool ‘ concept.
Titan has a brand called Dash! for kids. These are bright, colorful watches targeted at
children aged 6-14 years. These watches are priced Rs.250 onwards to Rs.495 and are
marketed under the ad line: “Wow! Watches from Titan”. The three main collections from
Dash include the ‘Popeye Collection’, which feature cartoon character Popeye, and his
friends. There is also a Digital Range, which has features like Ellight, compass, Velco straps.
So Titan is positioning Dash watches as ‘Fun’ watches for kids. Its features such as comic
characters also appeal to the frivolous nature of the children.
Dash also has a special collection for girls, with changeable bezel rings, priced at
Rs.295.
There are some other watches such as Pop-Swatch from Swatch, which are positioned
using the same appeal that of Dash and are expected to give Dash a tough time at the same
competitive prices
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Titan Watches: Brand Repositioning Strategies
Titan Industries decided to revamp its flagship watch brand, Titan, with the intention
of making it more youthful and relevant to the changing times. The brand, launched more
than 24 years ago, has undergone a major repositioning exercise only once before – five years
ago, when Hindi film actor Aamir Khan was appointed brand ambassador. What followed
later was the ‘What’s Your Style?’ campaign, which tried to increase watch consumption per
person, by suggesting the use of different watches for different occasions.
Beyond style
Now, Titan wants to move from style statements to personality statements. According
to Harish Bhat, chief operating officer, watches, Titan Industries, a watch ought to denote the
wearer’s mood and personality. “With the explosion of options in a person’s life, our core
consumer is changing. And to keep up with them, Titan has evolved too,” he says.
On the adoption of ‘Be More’, Bhat says that that statement is supposed to denote the
aspirations of consumers to make more of their lives and be whatever they want to be. “The
watch allows for such imaginative travels,” he says.
Titan’s agency, Ogilvy India, has devised a campaign featuring Aamir Khan that
encourages people to find a new strand of their personality every day. It all started with a
logo change a few months ago (the same font in a red and white combination), followed by a
campaign rolled out now.
The ad film opens on a shot of Aamir Khan sitting alone on a roller coaster, stating,
‘Be born every day’. Next, he is seen chasing the shadow of an aircraft on a beach, then,
sitting beside a truck driver, in the middle of nowhere, with a trail of chassis trucks behind
him. Here, he asks the viewers to try the adventure of getting off at an unknown station, of
exploring unknown lands.
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As he crashes his vehicle while go-karting, Khan waves to the others around him,
while his voiceover explains the importance of making one’s own mistakes. Further on, he
talks of not making your passport photos last longer than three months – you need to
constantly reinvent yourself and adopt a new look every day (cut to shots of Khan’s varied
hairstyles and looks in his movies, shown in an ambient way through posters and T-shirts).
“Shock your reflection!” says Khan, as we see him with funny accessories framing his
face. The next vignette has him practising meditation while slyly checking out a girl walking
past (‘Explore’). Cut to a shot of children, with Khan explaining how we aspired to be
different people as kids – “let’s revive that aspiration today”. Wearing armour (sword and
all), Khan reiterates, ‘Be Born, Every Day. Titan. Be More’.
Malvika Mehra, group creative director, Ogilvy & Mather Bangalore, says, “‘Be
More’ pushes people to live many lives in one. We want to trigger people into questioning,
‘Why should we be single minded and boring? Time to be multi-faceted, just like Titan!’”
Khan fit the bill as Ogilvy borrowed from his own life and work and his need to
constantly experiment and reinvent himself. “Be it Mangal Pandey or Lagaan or Dil Chahta
Hai, Aamir always manages to look different in every role,” explains Mehra. “So we showed
him doing things that were spontaneous, such as exploring places or go-karting.” The idea,
simply put, is to live life to the fullest – with Titan being the instrument of such expressive
liberation.
The film was conceptualised by Mehra along with Amit Akali, Anil Thomas, Kunj
Shah (who wrote the script) and N Ajesh of Ogilvy. In a sense, says Mehra, the spontaneity in
the ad is an indication of Titan’s gradual shift from the old to the youthful (from ‘My Dad’s
Brand’ to ‘My Brand’). “That is the way many categories are moving,” she says.
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6.2 The ad making – Aamir Khan
The ad was directed by Prasoon Pandey of Corcoise Films; this is Pandey’s third
Titan film, the earlier two involved Khan and his assistant, played by the late Vihang Nayak.
The first film had Khan confused about which watch to match with each outfit he’s packing
before a trip, while the second film showed him delighting a girl in a mall with a watch. “This
third film has a much stronger script than those two,” shrugs Pandey. “It’s about bringing a
mindset onto the screen with a better celeb-brand marriage.”
Shot entirely in Chennai, the film has been shot in a way that suggests that multiple
locations were used for the shoot, as opposed to one city. “We had fast paced shots to spread
the look of the film,” says Pandey. When asked why Chennai, he quips, “Because it was
raining in Mumbai then!”
Several layers were added to the film. To show the aspirations of children, a young
girl was shown staring at an object and, later in the frame, you see the object is a butterfly –
the girl wants to fly.
“Kids are freer in their thinking than adults and we hope this has been portrayed,”
Pandey says. Even the last frame of the ad, which has Khan dressed as a mock warrior (with
an impromptu utensil serving as his helmet), was made to look like the man had made use of
things lying nearby in a spontaneous way.
Sonata’s sub-brands
Sonata has launched the Yuva 2008 collection, a series of colourful watches. They are
available in both casual and formal styles to complement the young, new look for college or
office wear. The collection has watches for both men and women at price s starting at Rs 645.
They are available in both gold and steel looks, with both metal and leather straps.
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Sonata, the watch brand from the Tatas, launched the Super Fibre, targeted at the
sub-Rs 500 market in urban, semi-urban and rural India. The watches have been designed
primarily for youth in the 16-30 age group, and will be available in a price range of Rs 275 to
Rs 550. The tag line for this sub-brand is ‘Super Strong, Super Style.’
The company announced 360-degree marketing campaign for the new offerings. It
also unveiled its TV commercial featuring Indian ODI captain Mahendra Singh Dhoni, “in a
brand new avatar”.
Octane
Titan has launched the Octane collection of chronograph, multifunction and
retrograde watches for the urban man. The range is described as blending style and
technology. The collection has over 35 styles and is priced between Rs. 5,000 and Rs 7,500.
Nebula Celeste
It is a limited edition collection of jewellery timepieces. They are crafted in 18k white
and yellow gold. Prices range from Rs 6 lakh to Rs 12 lakhs.
Raga Crystals
Titan Industries Ltd has unveiled its new Raga Crystals collection of watches in
Kerala. The two new watches, called Venus and Fairy Dust, are available in yellow metal and
bi-metal versions. Venus is priced at Rs 4,450 and Fairy Dust at Rs 4,750.
Titan’s Stambha
A new ladies Heritage wrist watch ‘Stambha’ signifying fame, prosperity and good
luck was unveiled as part of Heritage collection. MrVijesh Rajan, Regional Sales Manager
(South), launching the watch collection, said that plans are on the anvil to launch one new
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collection every month, reflecting the 3000-year old art and cultural history of the country. A
sale of around 7,500 watches has been fixed as a target for this fina ncial year in the Heritage
collection, he added. The prices in the collection range between Rs 5,000 and Rs 10,000.
Nebula Zeus
It is a mechanical automatic watch in solid gold for men. Priced at Rs.1,10,000, the
limited edition watch (500 pieces) harks back to an older era of luxury and romance.
The Nebula Zeus watch has been crafted using Swiss made mechanical automatic
movement with gold finish and a sapphire crystal back cover. Other features include an
instant start, a second hand stop device for accurate time setting; 42 hours reserve powers and
auto wind convenience. The watch collection was launched by singer and actor, Vasundhara
Das.
Raga Shimmer
It comprises of a collection of exquisitely designed studded watches that complement
both Indian-wear as well as Western-wear. Priced between Rs 2,995 and Rs 4,495, the new
collection comprises watches in gold, steel and bi-metal finishes.
Raga Diva
An exquisite range of watches for women in the Kerala market. Inspired by traditional
Kundan work, this collection has been rendered in a delightfully contemporary form. It is
priced between Rs 4,000 and Rs 10,000.
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Varied responses were received for this question. All the responses have been
summarized as follows:
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more or less half of the consumers. However, those who have seen the new campaign
consider it to be effective in conveying the message it intended to deliver, i.e., to “be
more” in lives.
The after sales service and behavior of sales personnel have been given low ratings
compared to other variables mentioned in the questionnaire with respect to Titan’s
exclusive showrooms.
Conclusion
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The suggestions to improve consumer awareness about brand repositioning strategy of
Titan are as follows:
To increase its visibility, Titan Company can sponsor events similar to fashion shows
in which all latest designs launched are displayed. This would have multiplier effect
as the latest designs launched by the company gets noticed by different segments of
the customers in varied ways.
Tie –up with FM radio channels for reminder advertisements and informing
customers about various sales promotion offers from time-to-time.
Invest more in R&D as customer expectations are changing rapidly. Though Titan has
got more product collections, it should focus on introducing more varieties in already
existing product collections. In other words, having a limited but more depth in
product collections would be more advantageous.
Introduce exclusive collection for working women which is more contemporary and
complements both traditional and western wear.
Majority of the population in India live in rural areas. So, showrooms should be set up
at places nearer to them. Introduce cheaper and rough use watches for this segment.
After sales service has to be improved. That is, the process of servicing and repairing
of watches should be made faster. This can be done by ensuring the spare parts
availability and training all sales personnel in Titan showrooms to undertake these
tasks.
Tie up with international watch brands and make them available locally.
Make use of internet to spread awareness among consumers about the brand.
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