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Reviewer in Electricity and Magnetism

This document provides an overview of electricity and magnetism. It discusses the basics of magnetism, including that magnetism is caused by electric charges and that magnets have north and south poles. It also covers the history of discoveries in electricity and magnetism, induced magnetism, electromagnets, magnetic and electric fields, how magnetic fields are generated by current-carrying wires, electromagnetic induction, and electric motors and generators.

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Wayne David C. Padullon
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© © All Rights Reserved
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1K views

Reviewer in Electricity and Magnetism

This document provides an overview of electricity and magnetism. It discusses the basics of magnetism, including that magnetism is caused by electric charges and that magnets have north and south poles. It also covers the history of discoveries in electricity and magnetism, induced magnetism, electromagnets, magnetic and electric fields, how magnetic fields are generated by current-carrying wires, electromagnetic induction, and electric motors and generators.

Uploaded by

Wayne David C. Padullon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Reviewer in Electricity and Magnetism

I. Magnetism

 Magnetism is a force that can attract or repel objects that have a


magnetic material like iron inside them. Magnetism comes from the
name Magnesia.
 Magnetism is caused by the motion of electric charges.
 A magnet has two ends called poles. The North pole and the South pole.
 “Like/the same poles repel, Unlike/opposite poles attract.”
 A magnet creates an invisible area of magnetism all around it called
a magnetic field.

 When the north pole of a compass point to the geographic north pole,
it actually points to the south magnetic pole of the Earth.
 If you cut a bar magnet in half, you get two brand new, smaller
magnets, each with its own north and south pole.
 Magnetic Metals: iron, nickel, and, cobalt
 Nonmagnetic Metals: gold, silver, aluminum, and copper

II. History of Electricity and Magnetism


 Thales – discovered static electricity
 Benjamin Franklin – connection between electricity and lightning
 Alessandro Volta – invented the first electric battery
 Hans Christian Oersted – relationship between electricity and
magnetism
 Thomas Davenport – invented the electric motor
 Michael Faraday – made electric motor possible
 Thomas Edison – invented the incandescent light bulb
 JJ Thomson – discovered the electron

III. Induced Magnetism


 When a piece of unmagnetized magnetic material touches or is brought
near a permanent magnet, it becomes a magnet itself
 Characteristics of Induced magnetism: a. It is temporary, (Wa’y
forever.) b. Inducer magnetic pole induces an opposite polarity on
the near end of the magnetic material and similar polarity on the
farther end of the magnetic material.

IV. Electromagnets
 is a special type of temporary magnet that only generates a magnetic
field when electric current is flowing.

V. Magnetic Field
 is the invisible area around a magnet in which there is magnetic force
(attractive force or repulsive force).
 The lines can be seen by placing iron filings over a magnet.
 “The direction of the magnetic field at any point in space is the
direction indicated by the north pole of a small compass needle placed
at that point.”
 The magnetic field lines have arrows on them that indicate direction
 The magnetic field lines come out of N (north pole) and go into S
(south pole)
 The magnetic field lines are more concentrated at the poles.
 The nearer the distance, the stronger the magnetic field.

VI. Electric Field


 Is the invisible area around a charged particle or object within which
a force (attractive force or repulsive force) would be exerted on
other charged particles or objects.
 The direction of the electric field lines for a positive charged
object is outward.
 The direction of the electric field lines for a negative charged
object is inward.
 Like charges repel, Unlike charges attract.
 The nearer the distance, the stronger the electric field.

VII. Magnetic Field in a Current Carrying Wire


 We determine the direction of the magnetic field relative to the
direction of the conventional current through a straight current
carrying wire by the RIGHT HAND RULE.
 Wherein the thumb indicates the direction of the conventional current
and the curled fingers indicate the direction of the magnetic field.
 “Whenever current travels through a conductor, a magnetic field is
generated.”
 “You can create a stronger, more concentrated magnetic field by taking
a wire and form it into a coil called a solenoid.”

VIII. Electromagnetic Induction


 Faraday’s Law of Induction: “A moving magnetic field linked with a
coil, generates electricity.”
 Magnet is stationary – no light/ no deflection in the galvanometer
 Magnet is moving towards the coil – has light/deflection in one
direction
 Magnet is moving outwards the coil – has light/ deflection in opposite
direction
 Factors leading to increase current in the coil: a.) Strong magnet
b.) Increasing the Motion of the Magnet c.) Increasing the Loop area
d.) Increasing the number of loops
 Lenz’ Law: “It states that the direction of the induced current is
such that it always tends to OPPOSE the cause which produces it.”

IX. Electric Motors and Generators


 Electric motors – from electrical energy to mechanical energy
 Electric generators – from mechanical energy to electrical energy

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