MACROECONOMIC

INDICATORS
OF
NEPAL

November 2016

NEPAL RASTRA BANK

RESEARCH DEPARTMENT
 NEPAL

Location : 26o 22' North to 30o 27' North and 80o 4' East to 88o 12' East
Area : 147,181 Square Km.
Capital City : Kathmandu
Population : 26.49 million*
Population Growth Rate : 1.35%*
Currency : Nepalese Rupee
World Heritage Sites : Lumbini, Chitwan National Park, Sagarmatha
National Park, Pashupatinath, Swayambhunath,
Bauddhanath, Changu Narayan, Kathmandu
Durbar Square, Bhaktapur Durbar Square and
Patan Durbar Square

* Based on Population Census 2011, Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)

Sources: Central Bureau of Statistics; www.tourism.gov.np
 Contents

Table 1 World Output Growth

Table 2 World Consumer Prices
Table 3 Key Macroeconomic Indicators
Table 4 Real Sector
Table 5 Annual National Consumer Price Index
Table 6 Monetary Survey
Table 7 Central Bank Survey
Table 8 Other Depository Corporation Survey
Table 9 Structure of the Nepalese Financial System
Table 10 Number of Banks and Financial Institutions
Table 11 Number of Merged/Acquired Banks and Financial Institutions
Table 12 Regional Distribution of Banks, Financial Institutions and their Branches
Table 13 Finanial Access and Stability
Table 14 Structure of Interest Rates
Table 15 Stock Market
Table 16 Government Budgetary Operation
Table 17 Outstanding Debt of the Government of Nepal
Table 18 Foreign Trade
Table 19 Nepal's Trade Balance with Major Trading Partners
Table 20 Balance of Payments
Table 21 Gross Foreign Exchange Holding of Banking Sector
 Table 1
World Output Growth
(Annual Percentage Change)

P P
Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

World Output 5.4 4.2 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.4

China 10.6 9.5 7.9 7.8 7.3 6.9 6.6 6.2

India 10.3 6.6 5.6 6.6 7.2 7.6 7.6 7.6

Nepal 4.8 3.4 4.8 4.1 6.0 2.7 0.6 4.0

P = Projection
Source: World Economic Outlook (WEO), October 2016, IMF

Table 2
World Consumer Prices
(Annual Percentage Change)

P P
Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Advanced Economies 1.5 2.7 2.0 1.4 1.4 0.3 0.8 1.7

China 3.3 5.4 2.6 2.6 2.0 1.4 2.1 2.3

India 9.5 9.5 9.9 9.4 5.9 4.9 5.5 5.2

Nepal 9.6 9.6 8.3 9.9 9.0 7.2 10.0 9.9

P = Projection
Source: World Economic Outlook (WEO), October 2016, IMF
 Table 3
Key Macroeconomic Indicators
Annual Percentage Change
Indicator R P
2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Real GDP at Basic Price 3.9 4.3 3.8 4.6 3.8 5.7 2.3 0.8
Real GDP at Producers' Price 4.5 4.8 3.4 4.8 4.1 6.0 2.7 0.6
Nominal GDP at Basic Price 20.4 19.1 15.2 11.1 9.9 15.3 7.4 6.2
Nominal GDP at Producers' Price 21.2 20.7 14.6 11.7 11.0 15.9 7.9 6.0
GNI at Current Price 21.4 20.2 14.4 12.0 10.9 16.9 7.9 6.4
Gross National Disposable Income 24.2 18.8 13.3 16.6 12.4 19.2 9.0 8.1
National Consumer Price Index 12.6 9.6 9.6 8.3 9.9 9.1 7.2 9.9
National Wholesale Price Index 12.8 12.6 9.9 6.4 9.0 8.3 6.1 6.3
National Salary and Wage Rate Index 15.3 17.2 18.0 27.4 9.2 13.7 8.4 5.8
Money Supply (M1) 27.3 11.0 4.8 18.6 14.4 17.7 19.7 18.5
Broad Money (M2) 27.3 14.1 12.2 22.7 16.4 19.1 19.9 19.5
Domestic Credit 27.1 17.2 14.3 9.3 17.2 12.6 16.2 17.4
Private Sector Credit 29.0 14.2 13.9 11.3 20.2 18.3 19.4 23.2
Time Deposits 27.3 15.5 29.4 14.1 14.3 11.8 15.1 21.6
Total Exports 14.2 -10.2 5.8 15.4 3.6 19.6 -7.3 -17.8
Total Imports 28.2 31.6 5.8 16.5 20.6 28.3 8.4 -0.1
Gross Forex Reserves 34.8 -6.2 1.2 61.5 21.4 24.8 23.8 26.1
Government Revenue 33.3 25.4 11.0 22.3 21.1 20.5 13.8 18.9
Government Expenditure 37.8 21.3 10.7 15.2 12.3 16.3 22.0 11.9
As % of Nominal GDP at Producers' Prices
Gross National Disposable Income 126.4 124.5 123.1 128.5 130.1 133.8 135.1 137.7
Money Supply (M1) 19.9 17.8 16.2 17.3 17.8 18.1 20.0 22.4
Broad Money (M2) 63.6 60.3 67.1 74.0 77.6 79.7 88.6 99.8
Domestic Credit 56.2 66.8 66.2 65.1 68.8 66.9 72.0 79.8
Private Sector Credit 44.4 53.5 52.9 53.0 57.4 58.6 64.8 75.3
Time Deposits 43.9 51.0 50.8 56.7 59.8 61.6 68.5 77.4
Total Exports 6.9 5.1 4.7 4.9 4.5 4.7 4.0 3.1
Total Imports 28.8 31.4 29.0 30.2 32.8 36.4 36.5 34.4
Trade Deficit 21.9 26.3 24.3 25.4 28.3 31.7 32.5 31.3
Current Account Balance 4.2 -2.4 -0.9 5.0 3.4 4.6 5.1 6.2
Gross Forex Reserves 29.0 22.5 19.9 28.8 31.5 33.9 38.9 46.2
Government Revenue 14.5 15.1 14.6 16.0 17.5 18.2 19.1 21.5
Government Expenditure* 20.9 21.0 20.3 20.9 21.2 21.3 24.0 25.3
Government Budgetary Deficit (Gross) -3.5 -3.4 -3.7 -1.5 -1.8 -0.7 -2.2 -1.7
Gross Domestic Borrowing 1.9 2.5 2.5 2.4 1.1 1.0 2.0 3.9
Net Domestic Borrowing 1.0 1.8 2.0 2.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 1.7
Gross External Borrowing 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.2 2.6
Net External Borrowing 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.4 1.6
Outstanding Domestic Debt 12.2 12.0 13.1 13.7 12.2 10.3 9.3 10.4
Outstanding External Debt 28.0 21.5 19.0 20.3 19.7 17.7 16.2 17.0
R = Revised
P = Preliminary estimate
* = Based on the second revision of the Central Treasury Position of the GoN.
Note: Government Revenue and Expenditure are based on Cash Basis data of NRB
Source: Central Bureau of Statistics, Budget Speeches of GoN, Financial Comptroller General Office and Nepal Rastra Bank
 Table 4
Real Sector
(Rs. in million)
R P
2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
Nominal GDP at Producers' Price 988272 1192774 1366954 1527344 1695011 1964540 2120470 2248691
Nominal GDP at Basic Price 909528 1083415 1248482 1387482 1525221 1758738 1889410 2007275
Agriculture 309553 395755 478148.9 506283.92 534515 594610.1 623567 661956.17
Non-agriculture 629337 722816 811994 931190 1045912 1227563 1338459 1426726
Real GDP at Producers' Price
(Base Year : 2000/01 = 100) 590107 618529 639694 670279 697954 739754 759915 764175
Real GDP at Basic Price
(Base Year : 2000/01 = 100) 542652 565759 587534 614637 637771 674227 689848 695191
Agriculture 201464 205517 214786 224730 227193 237522 239457 242640
Agriculture and Forestry 198257 202196 211271 220950 223310 233448 235095 237765
Fishery 3207 3321 3516 3781 3883 4074 4362 4875
Non-agriculture 364914 384570 398569 416631 437496 465535 479915 482916
Industry 87784 91295 95250 98112 100733 107840 109434 102527
Mining and Quarrying 2531 2585 2637 2770 2825 3159 3233 3022
Manufacturing 39132 40291 41923 43445 45059 47888 48068 43329
Electricity Gas & Water 12750 12989 13564 14690 14731 15213 15366 15111
Construction 33371 35430 37126 37207 38119 41580 42766 41064
Service 277130 293275 303319 318520 336763 357694 370482 380389
Wholesale & Retail Trade 70481 75237 76298 78967 84693 93918 95901 94821
Hotels & Restaurant 9056 9646 10244 11000 11605 12391 12804 12183
Transport, Storage & Communications 51585 54657 57504 62160 66915 70420 74807 76715
Financial Intermediation 24632 25327 26163 27071 26825 27818 28626 29572
Real Estate, Renting & Business 46421 47818 48894 50346 52961 54889 55313 57373
Public Adm. & Defence 10012 10405 10806 11203 11822 12418 13091 13848
Education 36233 38638 39799 42019 44505 46646 48392 51627
Health & Social Work 8191 8581 9012 9591 10021 10472 11571 12595
Other Community, Social &
Personal Services 20520 22966 24599 26163 27416 28722 29978 31656
Nominal Per Capita GDP (USD) 497 610 714 702 708 725 762 752
R = Revised estimate
P = Preliminary estimate
Source: Central Bureau of Statistics
 Table 5
Annual National Consumer Price Index
Base: 2014/15 = 100

Percentage Change
Weight
Group/Sub-groups
(Percent) 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16

1. OVERALL INDEX 100.00 9.6 9.6 8.3 9.9 9.1 7.2 9.9
1. Food and Beverage 43.91 15.1 14.6 7.7 9.6 11.6 9.6 10.9
Cereals Grains & their products 11.33 10.1 13.9 0.3 9.1 11.1 10.6 9.2
Pulses and Legumes 1.84 26.1 -7.6 0.0 12.5 4.9 17.6 32.7
Vegetables 5.52 20.5 35.1 24.2 5.7 20.5 6.0 10.3
Meat & Fish 6.75 20.9 8.6 7.5 14.4 18.2 6.5 9.8
Milk Products and Eggs 5.24 11.9 14.6 13.6 8.6 7.2 12.8 10.0
Ghee and Oil 2.95 -4.6 2.5 14.4 13.8 1.0 0.2 19.5
Fruit 2.08 20.5 19.4 16.9 6.3 13.7 13.7 6.5
Sugar & Sugar products 1.74 45.4 19.6 9.2 13.7 -3.8 0.0 7.3
Spices 1.21 27.4 23.2 -9.1 5.0 9.5 10.0 13.5
Non-alcoholic drinks 1.24 18.6 10.4 4.4 11.0 2.5 3.7 4.7
Alcoholic drinks 0.68 12.1 6.4 4.6 8.0 16.9 20.1 12.9
Tobacco Products 0.41 12.5 13.6 10.8 13.8 18.8 25.6 7.6
Restaurant & Hotel 2.92 20.3 15.5 11.9 11.9 10.6 10.9 9.3
2. Non-Food and Services 56.09 4.9 5.4 9.0 10.0 6.8 5.2 9.2
Clothing & Footwear 7.19 7.6 13.3 14.8 12.1 11.1 9.9 14.2
Housing & Utilities 20.30 3.2 7.3 6.1 10.6 5.1 1.6 12.7
Furnishing & Household Equipment 4.30 6.1 5.7 13.4 13.3 9.2 8.2 6.3
Health 3.47 3.3 4.2 4.6 6.8 7.3 5.4 2.6
Transport 5.34 -4.7 10.1 15.6 10.8 5.4 1.3 2.0
Communication 2.82 0.0 -10.6 -8.2 -2.0 0.4 0.1 5.1
Recreation and Culture 2.46 7.3 -2.4 7.8 8.2 6.7 6.2 4.3
Education 7.41 11.4 5.5 9.8 12.1 7.6 5.6 10.1
Miscellaneous Goods & Services 2.81 7.5 5.9 9.9 10.1 7.3 8.0 4.5
 Table 6
Monetary Survey
(Rs. in million)
Mid - July Percentage Change
Monetary Aggregates
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016P 2014/15 2015/16
1. Foreign Assets, Net 216,525.0 221,265.5 383,772.1 468,238.0 599,219.7 747,287.4 956,022.1 24.7 27.9
1.1 Foreign Assets 278,523.5 284,110.2 455,976.8 554,093.5 686,759.0 847,679.0 1,069,830.7 23.4 26.2
1.2 Foreign Liabilities 61,998.6 62,844.7 72,204.7 85,855.6 87,539.3 100,391.6 113,808.7 14.7 13.4
a. Deposits 51,329.5 52,336.4 60,465.6 74,332.3 80,052.7 94,395.6 109,383.4 17.9 15.9
b. Others 10,669.0 10,508.2 11,739.1 11,523.2 7,486.6 5,996.0 4,425.2 -19.9 -26.2
2. Net Domestic Assets 604,461.8 700,054.6 746,530.2 847,138.3 966,747.4 1,130,514.1 1,288,556.5 16.9 14.0
2.1 Domestic Credit 796,598.2 910,224.9 994,691.5 1,165,534.7 1,314,305.0 1,527,345.6 1,793,333.5 16.2 17.4
a. Net Claims on Govt. 136,522.9 163,439.4 162,882.1 167,456.7 141,989.5 127,211.4 75,398.1 -10.4 -40.7
i. Claims on Govt. 136,522.9 163,439.4 165,254.8 167,972.8 165,490.3 161,024.5 202,777.8 -2.7 25.9
ii. Govt. Deposits* 0.0 0.0 2,372.8 516.1 23,500.8 33,813.1 127,379.8 43.9 276.7
b. Claims on Non-Financial Govt. Ent. 5,876.1 6,376.4 10,099.4 11,389.1 10,417.3 10,100.8 8,227.0 -3.0 -18.6
c. Claims on Financial Institutions 15,648.8 13,086.7 11,884.2 13,662.8 11,073.5 16,088.6 17,443.6 45.3 8.4
i. Government 2,596.9 2,226.3 1,276.0 1,317.4 1,487.6 3,260.7 3,414.3 119.2 4.7
ii. Non-government 13,051.9 10,860.4 10,608.2 12,345.5 9,585.9 12,827.9 14,029.3 33.8 9.4
d. Claims on Private Sector 638,550.4 727,322.4 809,825.8 973,026.1 1,150,824.6 1,373,944.9 1,692,264.9 19.4 23.2
2.2 Net Non-monetary Liabilities 192,136.4 210,170.3 248,161.3 318,396.4 347,557.5 396,831.5 504,777.0 14.2 27.2
3. Broad Money (M2) 820,986.8 921,320.1 1,130,302.3 1,315,376.3 1,565,967.2 1,877,801.5 2,244,578.6 19.9 19.5
3.1 Money Supply (M1) 212,097.1 222,351.4 263,705.7 301,590.2 354,830.0 424,744.6 503,287.1 19.7 18.5
a. Currency 139,281.3 141,931.5 170,491.7 195,874.2 227,537.4 270,080.4 327,482.7 18.7 21.3
b. Demand Deposits 72,815.8 80,419.9 93,214.0 105,715.9 127,292.6 154,664.2 175,804.4 21.5 13.7
3.2 Time Deposits 608,889.7 698,968.7 866,596.6 1,013,786.1 1,211,137.2 1,453,056.9 1,741,291.5 20.0 19.8
4. Broad Money Liquidity (M3)** 872,268.1 973,656.6 1,190,767.9 1,389,708.6 1,646,019.8 1,972,197.2 2,353,962.0 19.8 19.4
Reserve Money 218,547.1 234,188.8 319,323.2 354,220.2 436,594.2 522,898.4 547,053.0 19.8 4.6
Money Multiplier (M1) 0.97 0.95 0.83 0.85 0.81 0.81 0.92 -0.1 13.3
Money Multiplier (M2) 3.76 3.93 3.54 3.71 3.59 3.59 4.10 0.1 14.3
P = Provisional
* = Based on the second revision of the Central Treasury Position of the GoN.
** = M2 + Foreign Currency Deposits
 Table 7
Central Bank Survey
(Rs. in million)
Mid-July Percentage Change
Headings P
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2014/15 2015/16
1. Foreign Assets 215006.1 225052.2 392044.7 473791.1 593752.9 726683.9 917630.9 22.4 26.3
1.1 Gold Investment 3319.5 5226.4 9152.0 14201.7 15882.8 19527.1 28206.2 22.9 44.4
1.2 SDR Holdings 6315.3 6730.6 7368.2 6594.9 5469.3 4095.9 29.8 -25.1 -99.3
1.3 Reserve Position in the Fund 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2384.1
1.4 Foreign Exchange 205371.3 213095.1 375524.5 452994.5 572400.9 703060.9 887010.8 22.8 26.2
2. Claims on Government 50133.0 52436.4 28223.2 15716.8 23332.6 18526.6 16408.7 -20.6 -11.4
2.1 Treasury Bills 30477.4 28178.9 25072.9 12968.9 22048.6 17968.9 16099.9 -18.5 -10.4
2.2 Development Bonds 0.0 348.2 382.0 319.2 0.0 28.7 0.0
2.3 Other Government Papers 2944.1 3144.3 2768.3 2428.6 1284.1 529.0 308.9 -58.8 -41.6
2.4 Loans and Advances 16711.5 20765.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3. Claims on Non-Financial Government Enterprises 11.4 28.9 28.9 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 0.0 0.0
4. Claims on Non-Banking Financial Institutions 719.9 202.1 130.0 249.9 507.0 2423.8 2423.8 378.1 0.0
4.1 Government 703.9 114.0 114.0 233.9 491.0 2407.8 2407.8 390.4 0.0
4.2 Non-Government 16.0 88.1 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 0.0 0.0
5. Claims on Banks and Financial Institutions 4783.3 8327.7 473.3 2757.6 1933.0 3261.5 6710.2 68.7 105.7
5.1 Refinance 2758.3 2096.5 473.3 2757.6 1933.0 3261.5 5910.2 68.7 81.2
5.2 Repo Lending/SLF 2025.0 6231.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 800.0
6. Claims on Private Sector 3510.7 4422.3 4518.3 4587.0 4125.4 4695.8 4449.8 13.8 -5.2
7. Other Assets 22461.1 29223.1 30408.2 37764.5 31598.6 31359.3 33875.4 -0.8 8.0
Assets = Liabilities 296625.6 319692.6 455826.5 534897.9 655280.6 786981.9 981529.7 20.1 24.7
8. Reserve Money 218547.1 234188.8 319323.2 354220.2 436594.2 522898.4 547053.0 19.8 4.6
8.1 Currency Outside ODCs 139281.3 141931.5 170491.7 195874.2 227537.4 270080.4 327482.7 18.7 21.3
8.2 Currency Held by ODCs 19696.9 23431.6 30354.0 34872.1 41129.9 47292.0 55901.1 15.0 18.2
8.3 Deposits of Commercial Banks 51113.7 54277.5 100137.8 107355.7 143481.4 174939.8 134715.9 21.9 -23.0
8.4 Deposits of Development Banks 1094.5 3647.8 5991.0 6773.2 8221.4 11483.8 13738.9 39.7 19.6
8.5 Deposits of Finance Companies 3474.5 2410.0 3895.4 3601.0 4511.1 5815.5 5551.4 28.9 -4.5
8.6 Other Deposits 3886.2 8490.5 8453.3 5744.1 11713.0 13286.9 9663.1 13.4 -27.3
9. Government Deposits* 0.0 0.0 2372.8 184.5 23500.8 33813.1 127379.8 43.9 276.7
10. Deposit Auction 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60000.0 0.0
11. Reverse Repo 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20000.0 5000.0 0.0 -75.0
12. Foreign Liabilities 8673.7 8280.3 9231.2 8569.0 7482.5 5996.0 4425.2 -19.9 -26.2
12.1 Foreign Deposits 48.2 40.4 77.4 65.7 29.0 8.8 3.2 -69.6 -63.7
12.2 IMF Trust Fund 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
12.3 Use of Fund Resources 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
12.4 SAF 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
12.5 ESAF 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
12.6 PRGF/RCF 8625.6 8239.9 9153.7 8503.3 7453.5 5987.2 4422.1 -19.7 -26.1
12.7 CSI 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
13. Capital and Reserve 45061.6 50427.3 85303.7 105822.6 110775.1 118248.2 139195.6 6.7 17.7
14. Other Liabilities 24343.1 26796.1 39595.7 66101.6 56927.9 41026.1 114396.1 -27.9 178.8
P = Provisional
* = Based on the second revision of the Central Treasury Position of the GoN.
 Table 8
Other Depository Corporation Survey
(Rs. in million)
Mid - July Percentage Change
P
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2014/15 2015/16
1. Total Deposits 729,100.6 823,234.5 1,011,822.9 1,188,090.2 1,406,769.5 1,688,829.9 2,016,816.2 20.1 19.4

1.1 Demand Deposits 80,498.9 82,212.4 94,900.3 113,693.0 129,689.2 159,290.0 183,460.3 22.8 15.2

a. Domestic Deposits 68,929.6 71,929.3 84,760.8 99,971.8 115,579.7 141,377.3 166,141.3 22.3 17.5

b. Foreign Deposits 11,569.3 10,283.0 10,139.5 13,721.1 14,109.5 17,912.6 17,319.0 27.0 -3.3

1.2 Saving Deposits 300,847.5 302,587.3 397,168.6 469,485.2 589,705.9 712,471.2 873,679.6 20.8 22.6

a. Domestic Deposits 295,416.0 296,814.7 391,294.6 462,333.8 580,319.7 702,459.4 858,549.9 21.0 22.2

b. Foreign Deposits 5,431.5 5,772.5 5,874.0 7,151.4 9,386.2 10,011.8 15,129.6 6.7 51.1

1.3 Fixed & Call Deposits 342,545.6 433,083.3 512,953.4 595,755.2 676,323.3 804,918.5 943,739.5 19.0 17.2

a. Domestic Deposits 308,265.1 396,802.5 468,501.3 542,295.3 619,766.3 738,447.3 866,804.7 19.1 17.4

b. Foreign Deposits 34,280.5 36,280.8 44,452.1 53,459.8 56,557.0 66,471.2 76,934.8 17.5 15.7

1.4 Margin Deposits 5,208.5 5,351.5 6,800.7 9,156.9 11,051.1 12,150.2 15,936.8 9.9 31.2

2. Borrowings from Nepal Rastra Bank 4,783.3 8,327.7 473.3 2,757.6 1,933.0 3,261.5 6,710.2 68.7 105.7

3. Foreign Liabilities 2,043.5 2,227.9 2,507.9 2,954.3 4.1 0.0 0.0

4. Other Liabilities 194,442.2 225,879.5 251,983.8 293,180.1 348,672.1 383,714.9 473,139.0 10.1 23.3

4.1 Paid-up Capital 79,808.8 98,705.7 104,817.1 117,449.0 129,485.0 141,598.6 164,981.4 9.4 16.5

4.2 General Reserves 21,720.4 35,207.8 46,787.4 58,425.4 68,466.5 80,937.5 107,709.1 18.2 33.1

4.3 Other Liabilities 92,913.0 91,966.0 100,379.4 117,305.6 150,720.6 161,178.9 200,448.5 6.9 24.4

5. Assets = Liabilities 930,369.5 1,059,669.5 1,266,788.0 1,486,982.2 1,757,378.7 2,075,806.3 2,496,665.3 18.1 20.3

6. Liquid Funds 138,593.5 141,265.1 201,188.8 230,696.8 286,916.4 353,447.0 356,855.5 23.2 1.0

6.1 Cash in Hand 19,696.9 23,431.6 30,354.0 34,872.1 41,129.9 47,292.0 55,901.1 15.0 18.2

6.2 Balance with Nepal Rastra Bank 55,682.7 60,335.2 110,024.3 117,729.8 156,214.0 192,239.2 154,006.1 23.1 -19.9

6.3 Foreign Currency in Hand 476.5 539.9 688.1 852.1 788.7 1,336.9 999.9 69.5 -25.2

6.4 Balance Held Abroad 62,299.6 56,783.5 59,753.7 77,062.2 88,693.8 112,504.8 145,881.6 26.8 29.7

6.5 Cash in Transit 437.8 174.9 368.8 180.6 90.1 74.1 66.8 -17.7 -9.8

7. Loans and Advances 742,964.4 854,869.9 967,654.2 1,147,854.4 1,313,333.4 1,542,634.9 1,902,718.2 17.5 23.3

7.1 Claims on Government 86,390.0 111,003.0 137,031.6 152,256.0 142,157.7 142,497.9 186,369.1 0.2 30.8

7.2 Claims on Non-Financial Govt. Ent. 5,864.6 6,347.6 10,070.6 11,358.1 10,386.3 10,069.8 8,196.0 -3.0 -18.6

7.3 Claims on Financial Ent. 14,928.9 12,884.6 11,754.2 13,413.0 10,566.5 13,664.8 15,019.8 29.3 9.9

a. Government 1,893.0 2,112.3 1,162.0 1,083.5 996.6 852.9 1,006.6 -14.4 18.0

b. Non Government 13,035.9 10,772.3 10,592.2 12,329.5 9,569.9 12,811.9 14,013.3 33.9 9.4

7.4 Claims on Private Sector 635,039.6 722,900.1 805,307.5 968,439.1 1,146,699.2 1,369,249.1 1,687,815.1 19.4 23.3

a. Principal 606,903.0 694,399.1 779,262.5 941,182.1 1,117,321.0 1,338,931.6 1,656,838.8 19.8 23.7

b. Interest Accrued 28,136.6 28,501.1 26,045.0 27,257.0 29,378.2 30,317.5 30,976.3 3.2 2.2

7.5 Foreign Bills Purchased & Discounted 741.3 1,734.6 3,490.4 2,388.2 3,523.6 7,153.4 5,318.3 103.0 -25.7

8. Other Assets 48,811.6 63,534.6 97,944.9 108,431.1 157,129.0 179,724.4 188,011.5 14.4 4.6

Credit Deposit Ratio 90.1 90.4 82.1 83.8 83.3 82.9 85.1 -0.4 2.6

Liquidity Deposit Ratio 30.9 30.6 33.4 32.2 30.5 29.4 26.9 -3.7 -8.3

NFA 10,192.6 4,493.7 958.6 3,015.9 12,949.3 26,599.5 42,816.4 105.4 61.0

NDA 667,626.6 766,404.4 950,398.7 1,110,742.1 1,313,767.5 1,567,834.8 1,864,616.3 19.3 18.9

Other Items, net 145,192.8 162,170.0 153,670.1 184,568.4 191,453.1 203,916.4 235,980.7 6.5 15.7

Total Domestic Deposits 677,819.3 770,898.1 951,357.3 1,113,757.9 1,326,716.8 1,594,434.2 1,907,432.8 20.2 19.6

Total Foreign Deposits 51,281.3 52,336.4 60,465.6 74,332.3 80,052.7 94,395.6 109,383.4 17.9 15.9
P = Provisional
 Table 9
Structure of the Nepalese Financial System
(Total Assets/Liabilities)
(As of mid-July)
(Rs. in million)
Financial Institutions 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016P
Nepal Rastra Bank 296,625.6 319,692.6 455,826.5 534,897.9 655,280.6 786,981.9 981,529.7

Commercial Banks 763,226.3 853,490.7 1,052,450.7 1,242,881.4 1,467,151.9 1,753,726.4 2,141,216.3

Development Banks 102,208.9 129,617.4 160,360.2 199,954.8 255,373.4 288,723.4 331,686.5

Finance Companies 109,998.2 118,578.2 109,687.5 100,856.7 105,592.6 105,035.9 98,956.3

Microfinance Development Banks 17,681.6 20,862.9 29,815.5 35,774.9 50,584.5 68,682.3 95,706.6

NRB licensed Saving and Credit Co-

6,975.2 8,150.6 11,652.4 15,415.1 21,318.5 24,981.5 27,742.2
operatives

NRB Licensed Financial NGOS 2,382.6 4,937.6 4,260.0 6,600.0 9,800.0 18,940.0 12,687.9

Contractual Saving Institutions

Employees Provident Fund 90,390.3 106,584.5 125,752.8 145,703.4 169,690.4 194,443.2 224,854.8

Citizen Investment Trust 22,647.8 26,905.4 38,068.5 42,753.6 54,621.3 70,493.4 83,013.4

Insurance Companies 47,460.0 61,213.4 73,825.0 81,150.6 101,097.2 129,444.7 158,241.6

Postal Savings Bank 1,085.9 1,152.4 1,276.4 1,430.0 1,580.0 1,784.9 2,191.7

Total 1,460,682.4 1,651,185.7 2,062,975.5 2,407,418.3 2,892,090.4 3,443,237.5 4,157,827.0

Market capitalization 376,871.0 323,484.3 368,262.1 514,492.1 1,057,165.8 989,404.0

Total (incl. market capitalization) 1,837,553.4 1,974,670.0 2,431,237.6 2,921,910.5 3,949,256.2 4,432,641.5

Share in Financial System (in Percent)

Financial Institutions

Nepal Rastra Bank 20.3 19.4 22.1 22.2 22.7 22.9 23.6

Commercial Banks 52.3 51.7 51.0 51.6 50.7 50.9 51.5

Development Banks 7.0 7.8 7.8 8.3 8.8 8.4 8.0

Finance Companies 7.5 7.2 5.3 4.2 3.7 3.1 2.4

Microfinance Development Banks 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.3

NRB licensed Saving and Credit

0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7
Co-operatives
NRB Licensed Financial NGOS 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3

Contractual Saving Institutions

Employees Provident Fund 6.2 6.5 6.1 6.1 5.9 5.6 5.4

Citizen Investment Trust 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0

Insurance Companies 3.2 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.8 3.8

Postal Savings Bank 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

P = Provisional
 Table 10
Number of Banks and Financial Institutions
(As of mid-July)

Type 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Commercial Banks 27 31 32 31 30 30 28
Development Banks 79 87 88 86 84 76 67
Finance Companies 79 79 70 59 53 48 42
Microfinance Development Banks 18 21 24 31 33 39 42
Financial Cooperatives* 16 16 16 16 15 15 15
Financial NGOs* 45 38 36 31 29 27 25
Insurance Companies 25 25 25 25 25 26 26
* NRB Licensed
Table 11
Number of Merged/Acquired Banks and Financial Institutions
(As of mid-July)

Bank and Financial Institutions 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Commercial Banks - 2 3 4 1 8
Development Banks 1 6 12 6 10 13
Finance Companies 1 8 12 8 4 7
Microfinance Development Banks - - - - 5 0
Total BFIs merged/acquired with each other 2 16 27 18 20 28
BFIs formed on account of merger/acquisition 1 7 11 8 7 11

Table 12
Regional Distribution of Banks, Financial Institutions and their Branches
(As of mid-July 2016)

Mid - Far -
Type
Eastern Central Western Western Western Total
Commercial Bank Branches 347 888 350 173 111 1869
Development Banks Branches 104 324 311 83 30 852
Finance Companies 25 105 35 9 1 142
Microfinance Development Banks 401 478 293 171 109 1452
Money Changers 64 211 114 9 3 401
Money Transfers - 49 - - - 49

Table 13
Financial Access and Stability
(As of mid-July)

Indicators 2013 2014 2015 2016

Number of ATMs 1499 1652 1721 1908
Number of Deposit Accounts (in '000) 11403.4 13129.6 14934.6 16836.0
Number of Loan Accounts (in "000) 849.9 940.0 1033.4 1096.6
Percentage of Non-performing Loans 3.8 3.76 3.33 2.19
 Table 14
Structure of Interest Rates
(Percent per Annum, mid-July)
Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
A. Policy Rates
CRR
Commercial Banks 5.5 5.5 5.0 6.0 5.0 6.0 6.0
Development Banks 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.5 4.5 5.0 5.0
Finance Companies 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
Bank Rate 6.5 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 7.0
Refinance Rates Against Loans to:
Sick Industries 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.0
Rural Development Banks (RDBs) 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.0
Export Credit in Domestic Currency 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.0
Export Credit in Foreign Currency LIBOR+0.25 LIBOR+0.25 LIBOR+0.25 LIBOR+0.25 LIBOR+0.25 LIBOR+0.25 LIBOR+0.25
Standing Liquidity Facility (SLF) Rate^ 8.0 8.0 8.0 7.0
#
Standing Liquidity Facility (SLF) Penal Rate 3.0 3.0 3.0
B. Government Securities
T-bills (28 days)* 8.70 8.08 0.10 0.55 0.01 - -
T-bills (91 days)* 8.13 8.52 1.15 1.19 0.02 0.17 0.05
T-bills (182 days)* 8.28 8.59 1.96 1.60 0.42 0.56 0.33
T-bills (364 days)* 7.28 8.61 2.72 2.71 0.72 0.76 0.72
Development Bonds 5.0 - 9.0 5.0 - 9.5 5.0 - 9.5 5.0 - 9.5 3.25-9.5 2.65-9.5 2.65-9.0
Saving Certificates 6.0 - 10 6.0 - 10 6.0 - 10.0 6.0 - 10.5 6.0-10.0 6.0-10.0 6.0-10.0
C. Interbank Rate (Commercial Banks) 6.57 8.22 0.86 0.86 0.16 1.01 0.69
D. Weighted Average Deposit Rate (Commercial Banks) 6.17 5.25 4.09 3.94 3.28
E. Weighted Average Lending Rate (Commercial Banks) 12.40 12.09 10.55 9.62 8.86
F. Base Rate (Commercial Banks)$ 9.83 8.36 7.88 6.54
^ The SLF rate is same as bank rate effective from August 16, 2012
# The SLF rate is determined at the penal rate added to the weighted average discount rate of 91-days Treasury Bills of the preceding
week
* Weighted average interest rate
$ Base rate compilation started from January 2013
 Table 15
Stock Market
(mid-July)

Descriptions 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Number of Listed Companies 159 176 209 216 230 233 232

Paid up value of Listed Shares

61140.0 79786.0 100238.0 110610.0 143658.1 150245.9 179689.7
(Rs. in million)

Paid up value /GDP (%) 6.2 6.7 7.3 7.2 8.5 7.7 8.5

Market Capitalization
512939.0 376871.4 323484.0 368262.0 514492.1 1057165.8 989404.0
(Rs. in million)

Market Capitalization/GDP (%) 51.7 31.6 23.6 24.1 30.4 54.5 46.6

Annual Turnover (Rs. in million) 21681.1 11851.0 6665.3 10279.3 22048.0 77291.6 65331.6 163957.7

Annual Turnover/Paid up Value (%) 35.5 14.8 6.6 9.3 15.0 51.4 36.4

Turnover/Market Capitalization (%) 4.2 3.1 2.1 2.8 4.2 7.3 6.6

NEPSE Index (Closing) 749.1 477.7 362.9 389.7 518.3 1036.1 961.2 1718.2

Source: Nepal Stock Exchange Ltd.

 Table 16
Government Budgetary Operation
(On Cash Basis)
(Rs. in million)
Head/Sub-head 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16P
Total Expenditure 250,816.7277615.0 319850.1 359040.7 417465.9 509213.9 569571.4
Recurrent 146,248.9 165990 237722.7 247072.7 296561.4 334881.5 356499.3
Capital 75,956.287846.5 48816.9 54180.4 61489.2 81030.3 111700.9
Financial/ Principal Repayment* 18,432.317220.6 33310.5 57787.6 59415.3 93302.1 101371.2
Others (Freeze Account) 10,179.3 6557.9
Total Resources 210,084.9227108.7 297506.4 327833.1 403715.0 463333.4 532082.5
Revenue and Grants 205,171.7226026.6 290945.3 320444.2 393560.3 434795.2 522525.5
Revenue 179,945.8 199819 244371.8 296015.7 356619.6 405846.6 482750
Foreign Grants 25,225.926207.6 46573.5 24428.5 36940.7 28948.6 39775.4
Non-Budgetary Receipts, net 6,032.3 2454.6 5309.6 6965.5 8084.4 11104.8 5658.9
Others# -1,119.1-1372.5 1251.5 423.4 2070.3 17433.4 3898.1
Gross Deficits(-) Surplus(+) -50506.3 -22343.7 -31207.6 -13750.9 -45880.5 -37488.9
-40,731.8
Sources of Financing 40,731.850506.3 22343.7 31207.6 13750.9 45880.5 37488.9
Internal Loans 36,527.845572.1 16407.5 20910.5 -1901.8 32055.3 -5978.6
Domestic Borrowings 29,914.0 33680 36418.7 19042.8 19982.8 42423.1 87774.5
Overdrafts++ 12889.3 -23125.1
7,875.7 2175.6 -23316.3 -10312.3 -93566.7
Others@ -1,261.9 -997.2 3113.9 -307.9 1431.7 -55.5 -186.4
Principal Refund and Share Divestment 4744.7 755.3 569.8 11224 13694
Foreign Loans 4,204.0 4934.2 1191.5 9541.8 15082.9 2601.2 29773.5
* Principal Repayment upto 2010/11.
# includes resource head of others, V. A. T. Fund Account, Customs Fund Account, Reconstruction Fund Account and
Local Authorities' Accounts.
++ Minus (-) indicates surplus.
@ Interest from Government Treasury transactions and others.
P = Provisional
Note: Data for 2015/16 are based on the second revision of the Central Treasury Position of the GoN.
Source: Nepal Rastra Bank

Table 17
Outstanding Debt of the Government of Nepal
(Rs. in million)
Particulars 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16P
Domestic* 142,859.7 179,328.2 209,120.2 207,001.7 201,817.5 196,785.8 234,157.9
Treasury Bills 102,043.7 120,340.7 131,624.1 136,468.1 136,468.1 119,858.1 116,059.1
Development Bonds 35,519.4 43,519.4 57,519.4 51,610.9 47,110.9 57,070.0 108,900.0
National Savings Certificate 0.0 10,680.0 15,680.0 15,680.0 16,586.5 16,586.5 906.5
Citizen Savings Certificate 5,122.9 4,622.9 4,123.1 3,183.8 1,516.7 3,056.2 7,806.2
Foreign Employment Bond 4.0 7.4 16.0 58.9 135.3 215.0 486.2
Special Bonds 169.7 158.0 157.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Foreign 256,243.3 259,501.1 309,287.1 333,441.5 346,819.1 342,964.8 381,743.9
Domestic Debt/GDP (%) 12.0 13.1 13.7 12.2 10.3 9.3 10.4
Foreign Debt/GDP (%) 21.5 19.0 20.3 19.7 17.7 16.2 17.0
Total Debt/GDP (%) 33.5 32.1 33.9 31.9 27.9 25.5 27.4
* Excluding overdraft borrowing of the GoN from NRB and IMF promissory notes
P = Provisional
Source: Economic Survey, 2015/16; Nepal Rastra Bank; Financial Comptrollar General Office
 Table 18
Foreign Trade*
(Rs. in million)
R P
Particulars 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16

Total Exports 60,824.0 64,338.5 74,261.0 76,917.2 91,991.3 85,319.1 70,117.1

To India 39,993.7 43,360.4 49,616.3 50,999.8 59,613.7 55,864.6 39,493.7
To China - - - 2,085.8 2,840.7 2,229.9 1,681.5
To Other Countries 20,830.3 20,978.1 24,644.7 23,831.6 29,536.9 27,224.6 28,941.9
Total Imports 374,335.2 396,175.5 461,667.7 556,740.1 714,365.9 774,684.2 773,599.1
From India 217,114.3 261,925.2 299,389.6 367,031.2 477,947.0 491,655.9 477,212.6
From China - - - 62,451.2 73,318.6 100,166.4 115,694.3
From Other Countries 157,220.9 134,250.3 162,278.1 127,257.7 163,100.2 182,861.9 180,692.2
Major Exports 29,937.8 32,758.0 36,883.2 35,384.7 40,033.0 36,194.1 30,080.0
Readymade Garments 4,224.6 3,435.4 4,392.3 3,315.3 4,561.6 4,264.4 4,665.7
Woolen Carpet 4,078.7 4,860.4 6,938.0 6,073.4 7,399.6 6,909.4 8,080.5
Pulses 3,979.6 3,366.9 2,699.5 2,672.2 2,048.3 1,258.6 1,162.1
Polyster Yarn 3,397.9 2,640.7 3,657.2 4,742.0 5,153.3 5,018.2 3,252.8
Textiles 3,361.9 3,733.5 5,130.3 5,618.2 5,779.2 5,129.2 3,438.5
Jute Goods 2,896.7 3,998.1 4,064.7 4,108.4 4,302.2 4,273.1 4,245.9
Thread 2,771.5 3,351.1 2,628.2 105.0 180.2 180.4 50.2
Zinc sheet 1,794.8 3,894.8 3,343.4 4,948.4 6,177.0 4,387.5 1,935.7
Juice 1,750.1 2,363.1 3,027.1 3,801.6 4,431.5 4,773.3 3,247.6
Catechue 1,682.0 1,114.0 1,002.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Major Imports 199,347.1 197,616.6 224,669.1 258,643.4 310,795.5 305,410.8 301,811.4
Petroleum Products 53,304.0 76,740.7 93,937.7 109,391.6 133,564.4 112,093.3 68,724.1
Gold 41,635.8 11,357.6 25,770.4 26,113.9 24,794.1 6,389.6 16,074.3
Vehicles & Spare Parts 28,012.5 24,896.6 19,910.3 29,962.3 39,143.5 50,220.9 70,400.5
Other Machinary & Parts 16,073.0 16,202.3 15,539.5 20,439.1 26,736.6 33,172.0 33,911.2
M.S. Billet 14,330.1 20,005.7 20,006.8 22,303.6 24,674.8 26,335.6 22,668.9
Electrical Equipment 12,927.2 13,729.2 14,321.4 13,265.6 15,769.7 21,724.8 22,944.8
Medicine 11,320.8 11,943.2 12,359.5 15,989.6 18,518.7 23,635.0 28,756.0
Telecommunication Equip. Parts 8,521.9 9,493.2 8,459.0 14,395.8 14,588.8 19,253.5 23,478.0
Coldrolled Sheet in Coil 6,802.6 8,235.5 7,467.9 2,691.9 6,524.6 7,153.0 6,964.8
M.S. Wires, Rods, Coils, Bars 6,419.2 5,012.5 6,896.6 4,090.0 6,480.3 5,392.0 7,888.9
* Based on customs data
R = Revised
P = Provisional
 Table 19
Nepal's Trade Balance with Major Trading Partners
(Rs. in million)
2014/15 2015/16
S.No. Countries Trade Trade
Exports Imports Exports Imports
Balance Balance

A SAARC 58660.7 495206.7 -436545.9 40643.7 482204.8 -441561.1

1 India 55864.6 491655.9 -435791.3 39493.7 477212.6 -437718.9
2 Afghanistan 1515.9 7.8 1508.1 206.1 88.2 117.9
3 Bangladesh 1084.4 2414.4 -1330.0 737.1 4000.5 -3263.5
4 Bhutan 120.7 405.8 -285.1 159.9 436.1 -276.2
5 Maldives 8.5 13.7 -5.2 0.1 0.4 -0.3
6 Pakistan 27.8 402.2 -374.4 43.6 267.0 -223.5
7 Sril Lanka 38.8 306.9 -268.0 3.3 200.0 -196.7
B Euro Area 6886.3 22564.3 -15677.9 7105.4 16761.9 -9656.6
1 Austria 187.9 688.0 -500.1 206.5 261.2 -54.7
2 Belgium 254.6 691.0 -436.4 243.6 720.0 -476.4
3 Finland 94.9 475.8 -380.9 102.9 378.5 -275.6
4 France 1175.8 6930.8 -5755.0 1272.3 7061.7 -5789.4
5 Germany 3091.0 9373.2 -6282.2 3144.6 4338.7 -1194.1
6 Greece 31.4 26.9 4.5 27.8 54.9 -27.1
7 Ireland 13.6 260.4 -246.8 28.9 280.7 -251.9
8 Italy 1198.1 1801.6 -603.5 1135.7 1381.3 -245.6
9 Lithuania 8.7 6.9 1.8 10.3 9.7 0.6
10 Malta 0.8 45.9 -45.1 0.3 33.9 -33.6
11 Netherlands 423.8 1373.5 -949.7 512.3 1440.7 -928.4
12 Portugal 14.4 33.5 -19.1 39.3 34.4 4.9
13 Slovenia 37.3 11.8 25.5 24.6 13.5 11.1
14 Spain 354.0 844.9 -490.9 356.4 752.9 -396.4
C Latin American and the Caribbean 141.6 13033.0 -12891.4 150.5 12672.5 -12522.0
1 Argentina 1.4 9756.1 -9754.7 1.1 8187.1 -8186.0
2 Brazil 91.9 2541.7 -2449.8 84.6 3917.4 -3832.8
3 Chile 24.7 63.6 -38.9 34.0 56.5 -22.5
4 Guatemala 0.0 426.4 -426.4 1.8 346.1 -344.3
5 Mexico 23.6 245.2 -221.6 29.0 165.4 -136.4
D Other Countries 19630.4 243880.3 -224249.9 22217.6 261959.9 -239742.3
1 Australia 588.8 3216.5 -2627.7 600.6 5232.2 -4631.7
2 Canada 871.8 3585.2 -2713.4 917.6 5635.1 -4717.4
3 China, People's Republic of 2229.9 100166.4 -97936.5 1681.6 115694.3 -114012.7
Contd. …(2)
 2014/15 2015/16
S.No. Countries Trade Trade
Exports Imports Exports Imports
Balance Balance

4 China, Republic of (Hong Kong) 129.6 257.0 -127.4 198.6 1877.0 -1678.4
5 China, Republic of (Taiwan) 137.6 2513.4 -2375.8 92.9 2747.1 -2654.2
6 Czech Republic 75.2 1270.3 -1195.1 95.0 256.5 -161.5
7 Denmark 211.9 350.5 -138.6 288.5 467.3 -178.8
8 Egypt 2.7 1411.5 -1408.8 0.0 1542.7 -1542.7
9 Hungary 42.3 69.5 -27.2 37.0 119.4 -82.4
10 Indonesia 14.4 16552.5 -16538.1 4.3 11224.8 -11220.5
11 Israel 17.2 744.2 -727.0 15.8 705.7 -689.9
12 Japan 1170.4 5958.4 -4788.0 1116.9 7473.1 -6356.2
13 Korea, South 17.6 3884.1 -3866.5 81.5 4896.1 -4814.6
14 Lebnan 17.0 1.6 15.4 14.7 26.4 -11.7
15 Malaysia 384.4 7807.5 -7423.1 299.3 6666.0 -6366.7
16 Myanmar (Burma) 1.5 1196.7 -1195.2 0.6 1807.6 -1807.0
17 New Zealand 45.8 1329.0 -1283.2 60.5 1157.2 -1096.7
18 Norway 232.9 126.8 106.1 203.8 75.4 128.4
19 Oman 1.8 223.5 -221.7 1.5 85.1 -83.6
20 Philippines 1.7 220.7 -219.0 16.5 332.0 -315.5
21 Qatar 12.7 635.6 -622.9 5.7 290.7 -285.1
22 Russia 57.4 4564.5 -4507.1 31.9 823.7 -791.8
23 Saudi Arabia 16.0 4701.6 -4685.6 7.7 5801.9 -5794.3
24 Singapore 170.7 3261.1 -3090.4 168.5 4132.4 -3964.0
25 South Africa 50.1 3317.2 -3267.1 56.2 2958.1 -2901.9
26 Swaziland 27.7 61.6 -33.9 10.6 284.7 -274.1
27 Sweden 117.6 775.0 -657.4 107.4 1116.1 -1008.7
28 Switzerland 277.5 3192.1 -2914.6 380.3 9719.8 -9339.6
29 Thailand 321.4 9947.4 -9626.0 120.3 9851.1 -9730.8
30 Turkey 1597.4 748.8 848.6 2204.4 2302.6 -98.2
31 Ukraine 6.1 4141.6 -4135.5 1.7 3946.0 -3944.4
32 United Arab Emirates 300.8 34558.4 -34257.6 76.5 23056.3 -22979.8
33 United Kingdom 2025.8 1853.4 172.4 2799.2 2127.8 671.4
34 United States 7468.3 8347.2 -878.9 9267.6 9676.9 -409.3
35 Vietnam 585.9 4484.6 -3898.7 408.0 6030.2 -5622.2
36 Others* 400.5 8405.1 -8004.6 844.6 11820.4 -10975.8
Total 85319.1 774684.2 -689365.1 70117.1 773599.1 -703481.9
* Euro, Latin America and other countries not included above.
P = Provisional
 Table 20
Balance of Payments
(Rs. in million)
Percentage Change
Particulars 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15R 2015/16P
2014/15 2015/16
A. Current Account -28,135.2 -12,936.4 75,979.2 57,060.7 89,721.5 108,319.8 140,418.5 20.7 29.6
Goods: Exports. f.o.b. 63,177.5 68,701.5 81,511.8 85,989.8 100,960.6 98,276.3 74,866.1 -2.7 -23.8
Goods: Imports, f.o.b. -366,692.5 -388,371.4 -454,653.1 -547,294.3 -696,373.3 -761,773.0 -756,487.8 9.4 -0.7
Balance on Goods -303,515.0 -319,669.9 -373,141.3 -461,304.5 -595,412.7 -663,496.7 -681,621.7 11.4 2.7
Services: Credit 51,120.5 53,012.5 72,351.5 95,190.8 125,061.2 149,288.4 138,471.8 19.4 -7.2
Travel 28,138.6 24,610.7 30,703.8 34,210.6 46,374.9 53,428.6 41,765.3 15.2 -21.8
Government, n.i.e. 6,635.6 5,534.6 10,071.4 18,389.7 24,352.8 32,481.1 38,330.8 33.4 18.0
Other 16,346.3 22,867.2 31,576.3 42,590.5 54,333.5 63,378.7 58,375.7 16.6 -7.9
Services: Debit -67,505.8 -61,687.1 -58,294.5 -87,605.0 -104,179.0 -121,670.9 -128,622.5 16.8 5.7
Transportation -22,964.6 -18,604.7 -22,292.3 -33,276.7 -39,822.0 -43,996.3 -44,030.3 10.5 0.1
Travel -32,288.2 -27,642.9 -25,769.7 -39,611.9 -42,175.6 -53,190.2 -56,417.8 26.1 6.1
Other -10,378.5 -14,284.9 -8,666.1 -13,538.5 -20,555.7 -22,509.6 -26,074.1 9.5 15.8
Balance on Goods and Services -319,900.3 -328,344.5 -359,084.3 -453,718.7 -574,530.5 -635,879.2 -671,772.4 10.7 5.6
Income: Credit 14,917.9 17,504.0 22,521.3 23,320.1 39,539.8 42,831.5 43,085.1 8.3 0.6
Income: Debit -5,800.5 -9,954.6 -10,229.9 -10,241.3 -6,788.1 -8,589.0 -9,080.8 26.5 5.7
Balance on Goods, Services
and Income -310,782.9 -320,795.1 -346,792.9 -440,639.9 -541,778.8 -601,636.7 -637,768.1 11.0 6.0
Current Transfers: Credit 287,770.6 311,156.7 427,805.7 505,068.2 634,854.8 712,522.2 781,989.3 12.2 9.7
Grants 26,673.6 25,780.0 36,227.1 34,180.5 48,519.8 52,855.4 70,411.6 8.9 33.2
Workers' Remittances 231,725.3 253,551.6 359,554.4 434,581.7 543,294.1 617,278.8 665,064.1 13.6 7.7
Pensions 25,850.7 28,993.4 28,343.6 35,326.7 41,373.1 42,388.0 46,513.5 2.5 9.7
Other 3,521.0 2,831.7 3,680.6 979.3 1,667.8 0.0 0.0
Current Transfer: Debit -5,122.9 -3,298.0 -5,033.6 -7,367.6 -3,354.5 -2,565.7 -3,802.6 -23.5 48.2
B. Capital Account 12,578.3 15,906.1 18,241.7 10,348.3 17,063.5 14,811.4 16,987.3 -13.2 14.7
(Capital Transfers)
C. Financial Account (excluding
Group E) 7,846.6 3,212.5 28,912.8 12,496.3 11,148.0 17,720.7 21,813.1 59.0 23.1
Direct Investment in Nepal 2,852.0 6,437.1 9,195.4 9,081.9 3,194.6 4,382.6 5,920.9 37.2 35.1
Other Investment: Assets -18,253.9 -25,762.2 -15,719.6 -22,846.4 -21,331.6 -34,584.5 -30,936.2 62.1 -10.5
Other Investment: Liabilities 23,248.5 22,537.6 35,437.0 26,260.8 29,285.0 47,922.6 46,828.4 63.6 -2.3
Trade Credits 21,968.9 18,292.5 26,442.3 14,434.6 23,686.1 22,912.3 16,397.4 -3.3 -28.4
Loans -3,933.5 2,612.0 1,036.8 -1,281.8 4,192.4 11,857.3 19,516.4 182.8 64.6
General Government -3,901.5 2,631.6 1,047.6 -1,218.9 4,407.8 11,919.4 18,153.5 170.4 52.3
Drawings 6,841.6 13,849.2 13,445.3 13,701.0 21,132.4 28,961.2 35,948.6 37.0 24.1
Repayments -10,743.1 -11,217.6 -12,397.7 -14,919.9 -16,724.6 -17,041.8 -17,795.1 1.9 4.4
Other Sectors -32.0 -19.6 -10.8 -62.9 -215.4 -62.1 1,362.9 -71.2 -2,294.6
Currency and Deposits -1,031.3 1,231.7 8,446.2 14,301.1 2,733.4 14,318.6 14,982.3 423.8 4.6
D. Miscellaneous Items, Net 3,353.3 -860.8 16,939.1 3,335.4 11,927.6 18,502.7 24,716.5 55.1 33.6
Total Group A through D -4,357.0 5,321.4 140,072.8 83,240.7 129,860.5 159,354.6 203,935.5 22.7 28.0
E. Reserves and Related Items 4,357.0 -5,321.4 -140,072.8 -83,240.7 -129,860.5 -159,354.6 -203,935.5 22.7 28.0
Change in Net Foreign Assets (-Increase) 3,110.3 -4,089.7 -131,626.6 -68,939.6 -127,127.1 -145,036.0 -188,953.2 14.1 30.3
Official Exchange Rate Per US$
(Annual Buying Average in Rs.) 74.2 72.1 80.7 87.7 98.0 99.2 106.1 - -
R = Revised
P = Provisional
 Table 21
Gross Foreign Exchange Holding of the Banking Sector
(Rs. in million)
Mid-July Percentage Change
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2014/15 2015/16

Nepal Rastra Bank 375524.5 452994.5 572400.9 703060.9 887010.8 22.8 26.2
Convertible 285681.9 339940.0 426132.9 517456.7 672458.2 21.4 30.0
Inconvertible 89842.6 113054.5 146268.0 185604.3 214552.6 26.9 15.6

Bank and Financial Institutions * 63932.2 80302.4 93006.1 120995.1 152199.8 30.1 25.8
Convertible 57144.0 74079.8 87372.3 114843.4 144005.6 31.4 25.4
Inconvertible 6788.2 6222.6 5633.8 6151.7 8194.2 9.2 33.2

Total Reserve 439456.7 533296.9 665407.0 824056.0 1039210.6 23.8 26.1

Convertible 342825.9 414019.8 513505.2 632300.1 816463.8 23.1 29.1

Share in total (in percent) 78.0 77.6 77.2 76.7 78.6 - -
Inconvertible 96630.8 119277.1 151901.8 191756.0 222746.9 26.2 16.2
Share in total (in percent) 22.0 22.4 22.8 23.3 21.4 - -
Import Capacity(Equivalent Months)
Merchandise 11.6 11.7 11.5 13.0 16.5 - -
Merchandise and Services 10.3 10.1 10.0 11.2 14.1 - -
1.Gross Foreign Exchange Reserve 439456.7 533296.9 665407.0 824056.0 1039210.6 23.8 26.1
2.Gold,SDR,IMF Gold Tranche 16520.2 20796.6 21352.1 23623.0 30620.1 10.6 29.6
3.Gross Foreign Assets(1+2) 455976.9 554093.5 686759.0 847679.0 1069830.7 23.4 26.2
4.Foreign Liabilities 72204.6 85855.6 87539.3 100391.6 113808.7 14.7 13.4
5.Net Foreign Assets(3-4) 383772.3 468238.0 599219.7 747287.4 956022.1 24.7 27.9
6.Change in NFA (before adj. ex. val.)** -162506.6 -84465.7 -130981.8 -148067.7 -208734.7 - -
7.Exchange Valuation 30880.0 15526.3 3854.6 3031.7 19781.4 - -
8.Change in NFA (6+7)*** -131626.6 -68939.6 -127127.1 -145036.0 -188953.2 - -
Sources: Nepal Rastra Bank and Commercial Banks; Estimated.
* indicates the "A","B" & " C" class financial institutions licensed by NRB.
**Change in NFA is derived by taking mid-July as base and minus (-) sign indicates increase.
*** After adjusting exchange valuation gain/loss
Period-end Buying Rate (Rs/USD) 88.60 95.00 95.90 101.14 106.73
Nepal Rastra Bank
Central Office, Research Department
Baluwatar Kathmandu, Nepal
Phone: 977-1-4411638
Fax: 977-1-4441048
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.nrb.org.np