WEEK-7

Programs on 2-D Arrays

1. Write a C Program to print diagonal elements of given matrix
#include<stdio.h>

int main(){

int a[10][10],i,j,sum=0,m,n;

printf("\nEnter the row and column of matrix: ");

scanf("%d %d",&m,&n);

printf("\nEnter the elements of matrix: ");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
printf("\nThe matrix is\n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++){
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<n;j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
}
for(i=0;i<m;i++){
for(j=0;j<n;j++){
if(i==j)
printf(“%d”,a[i][j]);
}
}

return 0;
}
2. Write a C Program to find transpose of a given matrix.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[10][10],i,j,m;
printf("Enter order of square matrix: ");
scanf("%d",&m);
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
printf("Enter value of a[%d][%d]: ",i,j);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
 b[i][j]=a[j][i]
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",b[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}

}
3. Write a C Program to find whether given matrix is symmetric or not.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[10][10],i,j,m;
printf("Enter order of square matrix: ");
scanf("%d",&m);
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
printf("Enter value of a[%d][%d]: ",i,j);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
if(a[i][j]!=a[j][i])
{
printf("\n\nMatrix is not symmetric");
exit(0);
}
}
}
printf("\n\nMatrix is symmetric");
}

4. Write a C Program to calculate the sum of elements of each row in given

matrix using functions.
#include <stdio.h>

int main ()
{
int array[10][10];
int i, j, m, n, sum = 0;
 printf("Enter the order of the matrix\n");
scanf("%d %d", &m, &n);
printf("Enter the elements of the matrix\n");
for (i = 0; i< m; ++i)
{
for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
{
scanf("%d", &array[i][j]);
}
}
for (i = 0; i< m; ++i)
{
for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
{
sum = sum + array[i][j] ;
}
printf("Sum of the %d row is = %d\n", i, sum);
sum = 0;
}

}
5. Write a C Program to calculate the sum of elements of each column in
given matrix using functions.
#include <stdio.h>

int main ()
{
int array[10][10];
inti, j, m, n, sum = 0;

printf("Enter the order of the matrix\n");

scanf("%d %d", &m, &n);
printf("Enter the array elements of the matrix\n");
for (i = 0; i< m; ++i)
{
for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
{
scanf("%d", &array[i][j]);
}
}

sum = 0;
for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
{
for (i = 0; i< m; ++i)
{
sum = sum + array[i][j];
}
printf("Sum of the %d column is = %d\n", j, sum);
sum = 0;
 }
}
6. Write a C program to find sum of main and opposite diagonal elements of
a matrix using functions.
#include <stdio.h>

int main ()
{
int array[10][10];
inti, j, m, n, d1 = 0,d2 = 0;

printf("Enetr the order of the matix \n");

scanf("%d %d", &m, &n);
if (m == n )
{
printf("Enter the co-efficients of the matrix\n");
for (i = 0; i< m; ++i)
{
for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
{
scanf("%d", &array[i][j]);
}
}
printf("The given matrix is \n");
for (i = 0; i< m; ++i)
{
for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
{
printf(" %d", array[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
for (i = 0; i< m; ++i)
{
d1 =d1 + array[i][i];
d2= d2 + array[i][m - i - 1];
}
printf("\nThe sum of the main diagonal elements is = %d\n", d1);
printf("The sum of the off diagonal elemets is = %d\n", d2);
}
else
printf("The given order is not square matrix\n");
}
7. Write a C program to print lower triangular matrix
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[3][3],i,j;

printf("Enter the 9 elements of matrix: ");

 for(i=0;i<3;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);

printf("\nThe matrix is\n");

for(i=0;i<3;i++){
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}

printf("\nSetting zero in upper triangular matrix\n");

for(i=0;i<3;i++){
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
if(i<=j)
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
else
printf("%d\t",0);
}
return 0;
}
8. Write a C program to print upper triangular matrix
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[3][3],i,j;

printf("Enter the 9 elements of matrix: ");

for(i=0;i<3;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);

printf("\nThe matrix is\n");

for(i=0;i<3;i++){
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}

printf("\nSetting zero in upper triangular matrix\n");

for(i=0;i<3;i++){
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
if(i>=j)
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
else
printf("%d\t",0);
}
return 0;
 }
9. Write a C Program to find multiplication of two matrices.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[10][10],b[10][10],c[10][10];
int r1,c1,r2,c2,i,j,k;
printf("enter row and column of matrix A\n");
scanf("%d%d",&r1,&c1);
printf("enter row and column of matrix B\n");
scanf("%d%d",&r2,&c2);
if(c1!=r2)
{

printf("MAtrix Multiplication is not possible\n");

}
else
{
printf("Enter array elements of A matrix\n");

for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter array elements of B matrix\n");

for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
}

printf("MAtrix Multiplication\n");
for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
{
c[i][j]=0;
for(k=0;k<c1;k++)
{
c[i][j]=c[i][j]+a[i][k]*b[k][j];
}
printf("%d\t",c[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
 }
}
return 0;
}

10. Write a C Program to find addition of two matrices.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[10][10],b[10][10],c[10][10];
int r1,c1,r2,c2,i,j,k;
printf("enter row and column of matrix A\n");
scanf("%d%d",&r1,&c1);
printf("enter row and column of matrix B\n");
scanf("%d%d",&r2,&c2);
if(r1!=r2|| c1!=c2)
{

printf("MAtrix addition is not possible\n");

}
else
{
printf("Enter array elements of A matrix\n");

for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter array elements of B matrix\n");

for(i=0;i<r2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c2;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
}

for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
{
c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];
}

}
printf("MAtrix addition\n");
 for(i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<c1;j++)
{
Printf(“%d\t”,c[i][j]);
}
Printf(“\n”);

return 0;
}

11. Write a C Program to find subtraction of two matrices using functions.

12. Write a C Program to check whether two given matrices are equal or not.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int A[10][10], B[10][10];

int i,j,m,n;

printf(“enter size of array”);

scanf(“%d%d”,&m,&n);
printf("Enter elements in matrix A \n");
for(i=0; i<m; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<n; j++)
{
scanf("%d", &A[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter elements in matrix B \n");
for(i=0; i<m; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<n; j++)
{
scanf("%d", &B[i][j]);
}
}

/* Assumes that the matrices are equal */

for(i=0; i<m; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<n; j++)
{

if(A[i][j] != B[i][j])
{
flag = 0;
break;
}
}
}

if(flag == 1)
{
printf("\nMatrix A is equal to Matrix B");
}
else
{
printf("\nMatrix A is not equal to Matrix B");
}

return 0;
}

13. Write a C Program to check whether given matrix is identity matrix or

not.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int A[50][50];
int i,j, flag=1;
scanf(“%d”,&n);
/* Input elements in matrix from user */
printf("Enter elements in matrix of size 3x3: \n");
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<n; j++)
{
scanf("%d", &A[i][j]);
}
}

/* Check whether it is Identity matrix or not */

for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
 for(j=0; j<n; j++)
{

if(A[i][j]!=1&& A[j][i]!=0)
{
flag=0;
break;
}
}
}
/* If it is an Identity matrix */
if(flag == 1)
{
printf("\nThe given matrix is an Identity Matrix.\n");
}
else
{

printf("The given matrix is not Identity Matrix");

}

return 0;
}
14. Write a C program to find trace and normal of a given matrix.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main ()
{
int array[10][10];
int i, j, m, n, sum = 0, sum1 = 0, normal;

printf("Enter the order of the matrix\n");

scanf("%d %d", &m, &n);
printf("Enter the n coefficients of the matrix \n");
for (i = 0; i< m; ++i)
{
for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
{
scanf("%d", &array[i][j]);

}
}
for (i = 0; i< m; ++i)
{
for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
{
Sum1=sum1+a[i][j];
}
}

normal = sqrt(sum1);
printf("The normal of the given matrix is = %d\n", normal);
for (i = 0; i< m; ++i)
{
sum = sum + array[i][i];
}
printf("Trace of the matrix is = %d\n", sum);
}

15. Write a C program to interchange two diagonals of a given matrix.

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int A[10][10];
int i,j m, temp;

printf("Enter elements in matrix of size “);

scanf(“%d”,&m);
for(i=0; i<m; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<m; j++)
{
scanf("%d", &A[i][j]);
}
}

for(i=0; i<m; i++)

{

temp = A[i][i];
A[i][i] = A[i][m-i - 1];
A[i][m-i - 1] = temp;
}

printf("\nMatrix after diagonals interchanged: \n");

for(i=0; i<m; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<n; j++)
{
printf("%d ", A[i][j]);
}

printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}