ReadMe (Ubuntu) PDF
ReadMe (Ubuntu) PDF
VERSION 0.32
http://calculix.de/
http://calculixforwin.blogspot.com/
1. Installation notes
CalculiX Launcher is the collection of portable software, that includes:
CalculiX CCX (finite element solver);
CalculiX CGX (preprocessor and postprocessor for CCX);
GMSH (simple parametric 3d program and mesher);
Mesh converters from UNV, MSH, Abaqus INP, VOL formats to CCX INP format.
Most of programs are statically linked or require some common libraries (OpenGL and
GTK2).
There is no special installation procedure. Xterm terminal emulator should be installed
in the system (Launcher uses it by default). Some linux distributions don't have xterm, so
install it as usual (in ubuntu 'sudo aptget install xterm')
Unzip archive to any place, you want.
There is one important note, that the full path to the launcher folder should not contain
spaces (blanks). For example:
/home/JohnSmith/Desktop/CL32linux
and
/home/John_Smith/Desktop/CL32linux
are OK,
but
/home/John Smith/Desktop/CL32linux
is not.
(To see or copy the full path in Ubuntu with unity interface, press “Ctrl+L” in the folder)
THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT NOTE:
DON'T USE BLANKS, CYRILLIC AND ETC SYMBOLS IN THE NAMES OF
FILES, FOLDERS, WHEN YOU WORK WITH LAUNCHER. FILES WON'T BE
RECOGNIZED PROPERLY.
Second step is making all binaries executable. This is the standard procedure for Linux
systems. At first – make executable the file, called “Launcher”, then go to the ../bin folder
and do the same with all files.
Select file with mouse, then make right click and select “Properties” and go to
“Permissions” tab. Allow this file to run as program (see Fig. 1) below.
Do it with all files!
Also you may cd.. to the /bin folder and type
chmod 777 *
It will mark all files as executable.
Fig. 1 – Making file executable.
Launcher comes with simple text editor for CalculiX, but you may use any other popular
text and code editors, for example gedit, scite and etc. Run launcher, go to menu >
Settings and fill in 4th line from above.
Default terminal emulator is xterm, but you can install and use xfce4terminal.
In ubuntu install it with:
sudo aptget install xfce4terminal
Run launcher, go to menu > Settings and type 'xfce4terminal' in 3d line from above.
Launcher02 has two versions of solver CCX – 2.8p2 and 2.9. Some examples may work
with certain version (for example truss elements in 2.9 or contact sample in 2.8 due to
some changes in syntax of commands).
Most preferable configuration of hardware and operational system is 64 bit. It gives you
ability to solve large problems. If you want calculation to be performed in a parallel way
(for multicores processors), create environment variables OMP_NUM_THREADS with
value equal to number of cores. To setup environment variable permanently in ubuntu,
type:
sudo gedit ~/.pam_environment
and then create two lines in the text file:
OMP_NUM_THREADS=2
export OMP_NUM_THREADS
After relogin the calculation will run a parallel way (you will be able to see it in output
for CCX).
For more information read CCX help 'How to perform CalculiX calculations in parallel'.
I will provide little bit more information about the Calculix Launcher at this page:
http://calculixforwin.blogspot.com/2015/05/calculixlauncher.html
2. General Notes About Meshers and Mesh Formats
GMSH, that is included into launcher (version 2.6) is compatible with mesh converters,
provided by Dip28 user.
http://dip28p.web.fc2.com/calculix/
Newer versions are at http://geuz.org/gmsh/ may not work correctly.
There are 3 types of mesh formats can be transferred from GMSH to CalculiX:
UNV format is supported by dip28 converter (python scripts). It works for tetrahedral
and triangular mesh with nodal groups;
Abaqus INP can be converted to CalculiX INP with dip28 script and with using Prool's
converter;
MSH format (with python script) works only for tetras.
The most powerful CAD and Mesh package is SalomePlatform.
Then you may get it at the:
http://www.codeaster.org/V2/spip.php?article303
http://www.salomeplatform.org/
Read more about that and see videolessons here:
http://calculixforwin.blogspot.com/2015/12/salomeplatformandsalomemeca.html
Output mesh format from Salome is UNV format. It works with 'unical' converter for
many types of mesh. Also you may try to use combination: MED format > GMSH >
CalculiX.
Netgen mesh generator (for 3d models with merged bodies) can be installed from Synaptic
Package Manager. It is available in caelinux2013 distribution. Netgen have export to the
abaqus INP and VOL format. VOL is supported natively in CalculiX CGX (read CGX help
for that, how to deal with CAD models) and with python script, provided by dip28 (3d
tetras).
In any case you may need to open converted file and correct some output manually. For
example output element type for unical converter can be changed from S8R (multilayer
shells for elastic and plastic analysis) to CPS8 (plane stress).
To play with mesh conversion you can use files in the
'.../samples/Converters' folder.
3. Settings for GMSH
Run GMSH from Launcher menu, go to Tools>Options>GeneralAdvanced (see Fig. 2).
Setup text editor for text file (if you want to use parametric features in future). On Fig. 2
gedit is selected as default Ubuntu editor. When you start GMSH, it creates file
'untilted.geo' for writing all your actions in the command mode. You can use this feature
to make parametric models with variables. But sometimes, if you will make a mistake in
the code, GMSH will crash at start. In this case you can remember the default place for
'untilted.geo' and delete (or rename it), to restore normal work.
Fig. 2 – GMSH Options
4. Units in CalculiX.
CalculiX is oldschool classical FEA code, and it doesn't have any certain «units» inside.
It means, that you can use any units, whatever you want, but the units should be compatible with
each other.
The most simple way — to use SI system, just make sure that your model scaled properly and all
linear dimensions of your mesh are in meters.
When you provide some input for the program, all values can be dimensionless or have some
units. It is absolutely the same when you use any abstract formulas.
For example the deflection of a beam of span “L”, under the distributed load “q”, with
cross section moment of inertia equal to “J” and Young's Modulus of material equal to “E”
is given by the formula (bending part of full deflection).
4
qL
y=
8 EJ
There are no units that come with this kind of formulas, but you may vary with them,
staying within one system for each type of value.
Let's calculate the rectangular steel beam 1x0.75 in (width=1'', height=3/4''), with span
equal to 3 ft for distributed load equal to 18 lb/ft:
L = 3 ft = 3*12= 36 in;
18lb
q=18 lb/ft = =1.5 lb/in;
12in
Young's Modulus E= 29,000,000 lb/in3;
3
1∗0.75
J = bh3/12 = =0.03516 in4;
12
1.5∗36 4
y= =0.309 in (or 7.8mm, or 0.0078 m)
8∗29000000∗0.03516
Now let's do the same with SI system:
L=0.0254*36=0.914 m;
q=1.5 lb/in = 4.448 (N/lb)*1.5 lb /(0.0254 m) = 262.7 N/m;
E=29*106 lb/in3=2*1011 Pa;
4
262.7∗0.914
y= =0.0078 m
8∗2∗1011∗1.463∗10−8
in4 can be converted to m4 using simple proportion:
1 in —> 0.0254 m;
1 in4 —> (0.0254)4 m4 = 4.162e7 m4 ;
0.03516 in4 => 4.162e7*0.03516 = 1.463e8 m4 .
When you will calculate this beam in CalculiX CCX, make sure that the mesh is properly scaled in
«inches» and apply Young's modulus 29e6 psi at the *ELASTIC card.
It is little bit not so easy, when you are making modal analysis, because there is the difference in
«poundforce» and «pound mass» in terms of Newton's law definitions (F=ma).
When using imperial units in CalculiX, the typical material card will be (for steel):
*MATERIAL,NAME=Steel
*ELASTIC
2.9000E+07,0.3
*DENSITY
7.3500E04
Units for mesh, to
meters inch ft mm
be scaled
Young's Modulus 2e11 2.9e7 4.18e9 2e5
(or stress units) Pa psi psf N/mm2= MPa
Poisson Ratio 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Density for modal 7850 7.35e4 15.25 7.85e9
analysis kg/m3 lbf/in3 lbf/ft3 Ns²/mm4
7850 0.284 490.5 7.85e9
Density
kg/m3 lbm/in3 lbm/ft3 Ns²/mm4
Gravity 9.8 386.4 32.17 9800
Acceleration m/s2 in/s2 ft/s2 mm/s2
1.2e5 6.67e6 6.67e6 1.2e5
Thermal Expansion
1/degC 1/degF 1/degF 1/degK
60.5
Thermal 8.09e4 9.71e3 60.5
W/(m*degC)
Conductivity BTU/s in F BTU/s in F N/(s*degK)
5. How to get started
CalculiX is very efficient, fast and powerful software. It is highly recommended for those
who want to learn FEA methods in details. Learning just interface of some program is not
very useful, because when you will jump to other software, you will need to start from the
beginning. The other benefit that when learning CalculiX you will get some skills with
Abaqus INP files.
The ways to learn CalculiX are:
1) Read help files and learn examples.
2) See the video lessons: https://www.youtube.com/user/calculix09/videos
3) Solve your own problems and verification examples.
4) Learn GMSH and SalomePlatform.
To start with CalculiX CGX – see this movie: https://youtu.be/PIES0b3FHn0