Implementing

SCADA in Bhopal
City:- Best Practices

BY AK JAIN (GM)
MPMKVVCL, Bhopal
1
 Content:-
 Company overview at a glance.
 SCADA/DMS Objective
 Common utilities Issues Vs Better approaches
 Other SCADA system utilisation for Best Practices.
 Conclusion:-
 SCADA/DMS Objective

 SCADA is Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System which

fulfills the below mentioned requirements:

– Real Time Monitoring and Control

– Faster identification and restoration of faults
– Supply of Quality Power
– Improve Reliability
– Improve planning and designing of Distribution Network
 SCADA IN
MPMKVVCL,
BHOPAL

BHOPAL CITY GWALIOR CITY

POPULATION - 18.86 lac POPULATION - 10.69 lac

No. of consumer - 4.25 lac No. of consumer - 2.52 lac

No. of Division - 4 No. of Division - 4
No. of 33/11 KV S/S - 84 No. of 33/11 KV S/S - 53
No. of 11 KV FDR - 358 No. of 11 KV FDR - 205
No. of PTR - 160 No. of PTR - 101
 Common Issues Vs Better approaches
Challenges 1 :-
Relay Co-ordination issue:- TRANSCO set their 33 kv feeder relay setting to minimum
value keeping in mind that their protection is first and only reliable protection down the
line up to 11kv Discom’s Circuit Breaker.But it is not the fact,after renovation of 33/11
kv s/s in APDRP scheme the As a result of it simultaneous tripping of 11 kv feeder
breaker,11 kv main breaker , 33 kv main breaker , 33kv incoming breaker of Discom
side were taking place along with tripping of EHV Breaker on many occasion with
wide area of interruption to both LT & HT consumers.. Due to this poor relay
coordination the occasion of clearing of 11 kv feeder fault from EHV was frequent.

Solution:-
Discom are continuously getting all the substations fault data at control center after
implementation of SCADA system in Bhopal City. After analysis of 16 months fault
data & ensuring of proper functionality of all protection system at 33/11 KV s/s ,
Discom has come out strongly before TRANSCO to revise their relay setting set at
minimum to judicious level providing DISCOM breaker to function not only to reduce
unwanted tripping of 11kv main and other breakers but also to avoid wide area
interruption to consumers.
 Over Current and Earth Fault Tripping analysis of
11KV for Last 16 months from SCADA system
11KV OVER CURRENT TRIPPINGS 11KV OC+EF TRIPPINGS
11KV GR
Month 11 KV 11KV 33KV 33KV 33KV 11 KV 11KV 33KV 33KV TOTAL Analysis
TOTAL TOTAL 33KV IC
FDR MAIN MAIN IC EHV FDR MAIN MAIN EHV

Sep-16 157 146 47 52 6 3 969 931 359 39 1 4 1126 1) Total No. of S/s in city circle, Bhopal- 84

2) No. of 11KV Feeder in city circle,

Oct-16 140 140 63 29 3 3 939 924 298 32 0 1 1079
Bhopal-
357

Nov-16 87 86 34 24 4 5 815 805 273 8 0 2 902 3) No. of S/s for which analysis covered- 30 to 40

4) No. of 11 KV Feeder for which

Dec-16 69 69 18 11 1 2 772 766 283 21 1 1 841
analysis covered-
150 to 177

Jan-17 116 113 28 25 4 1 913 905 303 28 1 0 1029 5) % on which 11 KV feeder breaker
O/C 29.73%
tripped along with 11 KV incoming
Feb-17 109 108 24 18 5 3 1145 1143 439 24 2 3 1254 breaker E/F 33.0%
Mar-17 192 192 49 32 5 1 1412 1402 520 31 2 0 1604 O/C 1.16%
6) % on which Discom breaker tripped
Apr-17 237 237 52 40 7 3 1342 1342 516 32 9 1 1579 and EHV breakers also tripped. E/F 0.27%

May-17 241 241 90 69 2 0 1327 1324 458 40 1 0 1568 7) % on which 11KV Feeder breaker not O/C 1.06%
Jun-17 412 403 43 54 16 8 1969 1876 332 81 14 26 2381 tripped E/F 1.24%
Jul-17 197 194 105 55 1 3 1692 1681 606 69 12 4 1889
Aug-17 174 174 65 36 10 3 1346 1344 448 44 16 0 1520
Sep-17 66 66 20 4 0 0 1225 1214 403 41 8 8 1291
Oct-17 42 41 19 7 1 0 1216 1209 371 45 4 0 1258
Nov-17 24 23 4 0 0 0 886 878 248 22 1 0 910

Dec-17 742 740 223 22 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 742 Data Source:- MPCZ, SCADA CC, Bhopal

Total 3005 2973 884 478 74 35 17968 17744 5857 557 72 50 20973
 Over Current and Earth Fault Tripping analysis of
33Kv for Last 16 months from SCADA system
33KV OC TRIPPINGS 33KV EF TRIPPINGS
33KV GR
Month
TOTAL
33KV
33KV EHV TOTAL
33 KV
33KV EHV TOTAL Analysis
DISCOM DISCOM
Sep-16 37 37 27 66 66 60 103 1. Total No. of S/s in city circle, Bhopal- 84
2. No. of 33KV Feeder feeding supply to
Oct-16 14 14 12 44 44 39 58
city circle, Bhopal- 59
Nov-16 10 10 9 27 27 25 34 3. No. of S/s for which analysis covered 30 to 40
4. No. of 33KV Feeder for which analysis
Dec-16 12 12 7 42 42 35 47
covered- 18 to 32
Jan-17 10 10 6 28 28 9 38 7.% on which 33KV Discom Feeder O/C 100%
breaker tripped
Feb-17 17 17 14 25 25 18 41 E/F 99.9%
8.% on which Discom breaker tripped
Mar-17 16 16 13 35 35 29 49
but EHV breaker also tripped
O/C 47.2
undesirably due to insufficient time
Apr-17
5 5 3 25 25 20
30
coordination
E/F 50.09
9. Total % ON WHICH TRANSCO
May-17 168 BREAKER TRIPPING ALONG WITH 49.40
50 50 20 118 118 65 DISCOM BREAKER
Jun-17 35 35 16 123 123 85 158
Jul-17 42 42 20 125 124 33 167
Aug-17 47 47 11 156 156 39 203
Sep-17 32 32 5 87 87 29 119
Oct-17 13 13 1 84 84 15 97
Nov-17 7 7 1 61 61 27 68
Dec-17 2 2 0 45 45 18 47
TOTAL 349 349 165 1091 1090 546 1427 Data Source:- MPCZ, SCADA CC, Bhopal
 Common Issues Vs Better approaches
• After various follow-up Transco has provided below given setting:-
PARTICULAR CT OVER CURRENT EARTH FAULT

RATIO PSM TMS HS HS PSM TMS HS % HS

% % TIME % TIME

EARLIER SETTING AT EHV 400/1 100 0.05 300 insta 20 0.05 200 instanta
ntan neous
eous

REVISED SETTING ON 31NO. 33KV 400/1 100 0.1 400 100 20 0.1 400 100 ms
FDRs wef. 23Jan-18 ms

Selected 33kv FDRs 400/1 100 0.15 600 140 20 0.15 600 140 ms
HAVING OG FDR ms
THROUGH LILO AT
DISCOM (26NO.)
wef. 12Feb-18
 Result:-Tripping Status in Bhopal City
Circle
60%
50%
50%

40% 33% Reduction in Tripping of 11Kv

Main Breaker along with FDR
30% Breaker

20%
7%
10% Reduction in 33KV FDR Tripping
4% from EHV along with Discom
0% Breraker for feeders having O/G
FDR through LILO System
Before SCADA
After SCADA
 LT Consumers-Interruption Averted in
Bhopal City ( Lacs)
1800000 16.9
Total:- 90.92 lacs
1600000
LT CONSUMERS
1400000 13.5

1200000
9.9
1000000 9.0
8.0 8.2
800000 7.6
6.4
600000 5.2 5.5

400000

200000

0
 HT Consumers - Interruption Averted
in Bhopal City
1600
1377
1400
1200 1101
1000
812
800 729
651 622 662
11KV HT CONSUMERS
600 522
449 448 Total :-7374 nos
371 341
400
33KV HT CONSUMERS
170 217 132 Total:1620 nos
200 85 83 102 88
30
0
 Reduction in tripping of 33KV feeders
from EHV S/S
MONTH
YEAR
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
2016 175 110 245 147 412 508 459 445 318 180 119 116

2017 155 110 178 208 442 362 287 339 333 182 107 100
Tripping after SCADA
2018 123 97 98 139 141 355 162 202 209 134 62
* There is considerable reduction in tripping in the year 2018
after achieving revision in relay setting from Transco through 16
month SCADA DATA analysis . The tripping in 2018 after SCADA
has reduce to 64.08% & 74.08% respectively with reference to
tripping occurred in the year 2016 & 2018.
Common Issues Vs Better approaches
Challenge 2:-
Unwanted repeated charging and wrong operation by S/s operator:-
Repeated charging of the faulty feeder and wrong
operation was very common practice at the S/s, resulting high
probabilities of failure of costly equipment like PTR and other S/s
equipments.
Solution:-
• After implementing SCADA in the Bhopal City we have not only
reduced the wrong operations by operators but it has also facilitated
automatic smooth operations with minimizing disruptions.
• Unwanted charging on faulty feeder is almost 100% reduced in
Bhopal City circle.
• Continuous monitoring from SCADA control center enabled us
quick identification and replacement of faulty equipments.
 Common Issues Vs Better approaches
Challenge 3: Average power factor

Solution:-
• After SCADA, monitoring of power factor started & the average
power factor improved from 0.92 to 0.97.
• Reduced burden of reactive penal charges on the company.
• Achieving judicious reactive power control has reduced overall
electrical losses.
• Effective utilization of capacitor bank is ensured.
• The power factor near to unity on targeted feeders through well-
coordinated switching of distribution capacitor banks.
• Increased efficiency, Improved voltage quality & reduction in
electrical (I2R) losses
 Common Issues Vs Better approaches
Challenge 4:-Asset Utilization & Maintenance

Solution:-
 Component failures can be detected and addressed rapidly without
relying on periodic routine inspections, which require a significant
resource allocation.
 Detect equipment problems early and avoid lengthy customer
outages when catastrophic failures occur in this equipment.
 PTR Failure in Bhopal City in the year 2017 & 18 become 0%.
 Early problem detection has reduced the time and expense needed to
repair, rebuild, or replace the equipment.
 The CT & ME failure rate in City Circle Bhopal in the year 2015-17
was around 7.3% and 6% respectively, which has reduced to 3.4%
and 2.5% respectively in the year 2017-18
 BEST PRACTICES THROUGH SCADA
SYSTEM
FOLLOWIN BEST PRACTICES ARE BEING PERFORMED IN
BHOPAL THROUGH SCADA TO COMPLETELY MONITOR THE
HEALTH OF 63 NO S/S OF BHOPAL CITY
• i). Monitoring of TCH of all the 825Nos. 33KV and 11KV circuit
breakers of 63No. s/s at SCADA control centre ensuring
healthiness of the breaker functionality.
• ii).Monitoring of DC output voltage of the charger and AC supply
input to the charger of all 63No. s/s at SCADA control centre
ensuring functioning of protection system.
• iii). Monitoring of the OIL & Winding temperature of all the
123No. of Power Transformers at SCADA Control Centre ensuring
healthiness of the power transformers.
• iv). All substation equipment related complaints are
being observed through SCADA data/information. The
equipment complaint and rectification register is being
generated at SCADA CONTROL CENTRE. All these
complaints are being shared, almost at real time to all
concerned, on Whatsapp group and their rectification
is being ensured.
• v). Through SCADA fault data tripping analysis is being
performed and mal operations are being identified.
The outcome of the analysis being applied to reduce
such mal operation in future.
• vi). Daily SCADA report of Bhopal and Gwalior is being
prepared and shared to all concern including MD sir
and Director (Technical). Specimen is enclosed.
 Conclusion:-
In addition to the numerous advantages of SCADA to the company
the great advantage of SCADA which has come up and has been
felt by the consumers is their enhance satisfaction
regarding power supply.
Overall, the SCADA information and its utilization not only have
improved the quality of supply to our esteemed LT & HT
consumers; it has proved to be an important tool for minimizing
the mishandling of equipment and their failure including vital
equipment like Power Transformer.

In future also full scale utilization of SCADA will definitely be

proved the landmark in improving the supply reliability for Bhopal
& Gwalior consumers.
THANK YOU
BY
MPMKVVCL ,BHOPAL
MPMKVVCL, Bhopal At a Glance

Geological area Sq. mt 96,069

Population
No 22,387,433
(2011)
HT Consumer No 2,015

LT Consumer No 3,230,318

Employees No 15,351

Energy Purchase MU 20,635

Energy Sale MU 14,712

Max Load MW 3,566

Annual revenue Cr. 7,651

 ACHIEVMENT MILE STONE OF
SCADA
S.NO MILE STONE DATE OF
ACHEIVEMENT
1. Established control of 10 No. S/S of 24 SEPT. 2017
East division, Bhopal from SCC .
2. Established control of all 19 No. S/S 22 OCT. 2018
of East division, Bhopal from SCC.
3. Established control of 14 No. S/S of 04 DEC. 2018
West division, Bhopal from SCC.
4. Established control of 10No. S/S of 01 NOV. 2018
Central division, Gwalior from
SCC.
OPERATION THROUGH SCADA
AND PERMIT DETAITS
MONT DIVISI SHIFT WISE NO. OF TOTAL SUCCE UNSUE
H ON OPERATION SSFUL CCESS
FUL
A B C
NOV. 18 EAST 131 647 183 961 925 34
DEC. 18 EAST 37 214 39 290 286 4
WEST 11 80 21 112 90 22
 REDUCTION IN BREAK DOWN
RESTORATION TIME (EAST DIVISITON
BHOPAL)
S.N. BEFORE CONTROL FROM SCADA AFTER CONTROL FROM SCADA
(NOV. 2017) (NOV 2018)
No. of Total Average No. of Total Average
break outage restoration break outage of restoration
down duration time down break time
of break HH:MM down HH:MM
down HH:MM
HH:MM
1. 20 25:20 hrs 01:16 15 08:27 00:37

IT IS EVIDENT FROM ABOVE THAT NOT ONLY NO. OF BREAK DOWN

HAS REDUCED AFTER TAKING CONTROL FROM SCADA CC THE
DURATION OF SUPPLY RESTORATION TIME HAS REDUCED TO LESS
THAN HALF.
 Common Issues Vs Better approaches
Challenge 5:- Manual record keeping system

Solution:-
 Electronic Record Keeping.
 Instantaneous alert , alarms or events are available.
 All substation equipment related complaints are being observed through
SCADA data/information.
 Organized data records and report generation automatically
 Data analysis (real-time and historical data plotting of graphs, charts, trends,
etc.)
 The equipment complaint and rectification register is being generated at
SCADA CC.
 All these complaints are being shared, almost at real time to all concerned, on
Whatsapp group and their rectification is being ensured.
 More accurate network planning can be done by which future load growth
and network expansion / change is effectively addressed.
 Tripping and outages of supply related info is available without any manual
intervention.
 Common Issues Vs Better approaches
Challenges 6 :- Reliability and Power Quality:-
• Maintaining a high level of service reliability and power quality 24*7
• Customer power outages should be infrequent and should be as short as possible.
• The number of momentary interruptions lasting one minute or less should also be
minimized.
Solution:-
• Installed FPI, Autoreclouser/sectioniser & RMU on feeders & started their
monitoring from SCADA control center.
• Balance the load between the selected group of feeders (i.e., transfer load from
heavily loaded feeders to lightly loaded feeders).
• Calendar-based maintenance strategy
• Fault Location Isolation and Service Restoration
– Reduction in the number of power outages experienced by the typical
customer in a year.
– Reduction in total outage duration (in minutes) that the typical customer
experiences
during a year.
– Reduction in amount of time spent doing fault investigation (i.e., patrol time),
with related savings from decreased labor and vehicle roll-time.
– Slight increase in kilowatt-hour sales because of shorter power outage
durations.
 Fault Location Isolation and Service Restoration

Functional Benefit
Monetary Benefit
Improve SAIDI,SAIFI
and other reliability
statistics

Automatic Fault
Location, Reduce “Unserved Sell more KWH
Isolation & Energy” (KWH)
services
Restoration
Reduce customer
cost of outage
Reduce Fault
Investigation Time
Labour/vehicle
savings
 Common Issues Vs Better approaches

Challenge 7:- Workforce Productivity Improvement:-

Solution:-
• Automatically locates the damaged portion of the feeder between
two or more switches
• field crews only need to patrol the portion of the circuit that was
isolated by Sectionalizer.
• Reduction of “Unserved” Energy-A power outage can be viewed as
a lost opportunity for the electric utility to sell kilowatt-hours
(kWh).
• Reduction Customer Outage Costs like Cost to run private generator.
• Increase in kilowatt-hour sales because of shorter power outage
duration
 Benefits of SCADA for Customers & Utility

A)Increases Customer satisfaction:

• SCADA systems feature built in redundancy and backup
systems to provide sufficient reliability.

• Precise identification of fault area is possible, thereby faster

isolation of faulty area and restoration of power to rest of
the consumers through alternate path or ring mains.

• The alarms and detection systems detects and corrects power

related problems before they occur, thus preventing breakdowns.

• Better quality of power in terms of voltage profile and PF is

ensured and for the consumer equipment.
• Caters accurate measurement of System Average
Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) and System
Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI) and
facilitates to take action for improvement of
SAIDI/SAIFI (Reliability).

• Forecast of power requirement on basis of

weather (summer), festivals etc. is possible, which
will enable utility to make prior arrangement for
power purchase thus reducing load shedding.
 Benefits of SCADA for Customers & Utility
B) Benefits to utility:

• Real-time monitoring & control of power without / minimal

manual intervention for status /fault monitoring and
resumption of supply.

• Real-time monitoring & control helps utility to cater

preventive maintenance, post fault analysis, playback to
prevent such occurring in future.

• Appropriate preventive maintenance enhances life of

equipment like Power Transformer.

• Alarms /Event and commanded actions are recorded with

synchronized time stamping for faster accurate post fault
analysis.
• Effective MIS Monitoring for utility
management and for routine O&M work.

• Better load balancing is possible, reducing over

loading of transformers and preventing burn
out of transformers.
 Benefits of SCADA for Customers & Utility
C) Helps reduce cost:

• Enhances life of equipment means less equipment failure and

replacement .

• Enhance the life of power transformer.

• Less outages and reduction in outage time means better

utilization of available power and enhancement of revenue.

• Enhanced Helps control power purchase by using more

accurate load forecasting. This gives monetary benefits to
utility which can be subsequently passed on to consumer.
• Operating cost reduction are achieved through
improved voltage profiles, controlled VAR
flow, load management and reduced spinning
reserve requirements.

• Helps reduce losses

• Eliminates the need for manual data

collection/reading like KWH, Current,
Voltage, PF etc
 SCADA in Bhopal City
• Bhopal is capital city of Madhya Pradesh.
• Total population – 18.86 lacs (As per 2011 census)
• Power supplying to 4.25 lacs nos of consumer
• No of 33/11 KV S/s in Bhopal SCADA-69
• No of 11 KV feeders in Bhopal SCADA-303
• Maximum demand of Bhopal city-367 MW
• LT Demand of Bhopal City (2017-18- 846.71 Crs.) increased by 9.92%
as compare to (2016-17-770.25Crs.)
• HT Demand of Bhopal City (2017-18- 439.89 crs.) increased 6.64% as
compare to (2016-17-412.47Crs.)
• PTR asset failure rate in 2018-0%
Questions and Comments