Document No.

:TP/PT/00

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Log on:www.mehru.net Date : 15.12.14

TESTING PROCEDURE Rev. : 01

TEST CARRIED OUT ON POTENTIAL TRANSFORMERS UPTO 220kV Class

AS PER IS 3156:1992 & IEC 61869

1. Verification of terminal marking and polarity

2. Separate source withstand test on primary windings

3. High voltage power frequency dry withstand tests on secondary windings

4. Partial discharge test

5. Determination of errors according to the requirements of the appropriate

designation or accuracy class

6. Induced Overvoltage withstand Test at 150Hz on primary winding

7. Dielectric Dissipation Factor and Capacitance Test

8. Temperature-rise Test

9. Short Circuit Test

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 Document No. :TP/PT/02

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TESTING PROCEDURE Rev. : 00

2. Separate source withstand tests on primary windings

Name of the Test : Separate source withstand test on primary windings for unearthed PT’s.

Aim : To carry out high voltage power frequency dry withstand test on
Potential transformer as per clause 9.3.1.1 of IS 3156(1992) (part-1)
IEC-61869-3(2011) Clause 7.3.3 to ascertain the ability of the
insulation to withstand the test voltage given in the table 1 of same IS

Apparatus : 800kV Series resonance test set.

Procedure : Connect all terminals of primary winding to High Voltage Source and all
terminals of secondary winding/ frame/core/tank to earth. Apply the
specified high voltage for 1 min.

Conclusion : If no disruptive discharge occurs or the circuit does not Trip

during the test, the P.T. is considered to have passed the test
satisfactorily.
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Document No. :TP/PT/06

MEHRU ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PVT.LTD Page No. : 01of 01

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TESTING PROCEDURE Rev. : 00

6. Induced Overvoltage withstand Test

Name of the Test : Induced overvoltage withstand test

Aim : To carry out the test in accordance with the clause 9.3.1.2 of IS
3156:1992 (Part-1) & clause 9.2 of IEC 60044-2:2003 to ascertain the
capacity of insulation to withstand the required voltage

Apparatus : Triple frequency generator, timer, high voltage testing transformers to

Supply required test voltage, control panel with dimmerstat to control
the output voltage of H.T. transformer& to protect the transformers
From high current due to insulation failure.

Procedure : The test is made by exciting the secondary winding with a voltage of
sufficient magnitude to induce the specified test voltage in the primary
Winding. Neutral of primary winding is earthed and high inductive load is
connected across secondary winding to reduced excitation current.

Time period of test is calculated by formula:

Time period T (in s) = twice the rated frequency * 60 / test frequency

(with a minimum of 15 seconds)

Apply sufficient voltage to secondary winding so that the HT

winding induces appropriate high voltage as given in table (1) of IS
3156 / 1992.Apply this voltage for a period of T.

Conclusion : If no disruptive discharge occurs or the circuit does not Trip during
the test, the PT. is considered to have passed the test
satisfactorily.
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Document No. :TP/PT/03

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TESTING PROCEDURE Rev. : 00

 3. High voltage power frequency dry withstand tests on secondary windings

Name of the Test : High voltage power frequency dry withstand test on secondary winding

Aim : To carry out the test in accordance with the clause 9.4 of IS 3156 /
1992 (part-1) & IEC-61869-1(2007) Clause 7.3.4 to ascertain the capacity
Of insulation to withstand the test voltage of 3kV for 1 minute.

Apparatus : High voltage tester of (0-5 kV) range & 100mA current capacity.

Procedure : Connect all secondary winding terminals, except on which the test is
to be carried out, together & short it to the earth, the frame case (if any)
core and primary winding connect together and earthed. Connect H.T
terminal of high voltage tester to secondary winding of PT (on which test is
to be carried out). apply the test voltage for 1 minute.

Conclusion : If no disruptive discharge occurs or the circuit does not Trip

during the test, the PT. is considered to have passed the test
satisfactorily.

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Document No. :TP/PT/05

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TESTING PROCEDURE Rev. : 00

5. Determination of errors according to the requirements of the appropriate
designation or accuracy class

Name of the Test : Determination of errors according to the requirements of appropriate

Accuracy class

Aim : To carry out ratio & phase angle error test so as to find out that the
Errors are within the limits given by clause 5 & table 1 of part 2, clause
5.1 & 5.2 of part 3 of IS 3156 / 1992 & clause 12.2 & 13.2 of IEC 44-
2 / 2003.

Apparatus : Automatic CT/PT test set, standard voltage transformers, High Voltage Test
Set Burdens of required voltage & ranges

Procedure : Connect the test PT & standard PT of same ratio in parallel to the high voltage
source. Connect the secondary terminals of standard & test PT to corresponding
terminals of CT/PT test set. Connect the test burden across the secondary
winding of test PT. Apply voltage using the high voltage test set and note the
readings of ratio error & phase error at different percentages of rated voltage as
per IS/IEC.

Conclusion : As the test results are within the limits specified for the accuracy class
of PT, the PT is considered to have passed the test.

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Document No. :TP/PT/08

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TESTING PROCEDURE Rev. : 00

 8. Temperature-Rise Test

Name of the Test : Temperature-rise test

Aim : To carry out temperature rise test in accordance with the clause 9.5 of
IS-3156 : 1992 (part-1) to find out that the value of temperature-
rise value under clause 7.2 of same IS or clause 8.1 IEC 60044-2:2003

Apparatus : High voltage test set, Thermometer, Micro-ohm meter, Resistive

Burden

Procedure : measure the resistance of LV winding. PT is excited to rated voltage using

high voltage source with UPF burden connected across secondary winding.

Temperature is monitored every hour till steady state is attained i.e. rate
of rise of temperature is less than 1 deg. Per hour. Now increase the
voltage corresponding to the voltage factor & maintain it for specified
time. For example -1.5 times for 30 Sec.

Switch off the supply and measure the hot resistance of LV winding.

Find out net temperature rise of secondary winding by formula ;-

Net rise = [(Rhot/Rcold) x (T1 + 234.5 )]- ( T2 + 234.5 )

Where,

Rcold = Resistance measured at initial stage ( cold resistance )

T1 = Ambient Temperature when Rcold is measured.

Rhot = Resistance at end of the test ( hot resistance )

T2 = Ambient temperature when Rhot is measured.

The temperature rise should not be greater than the value given by clause 7.2
Of IS 3156 / 1992 (part-1) or clause 8.1 IEC 44-2 /1997 or greater
Than the value agreed with customer.

Conclusion : As the temperature rise measured by self resistance method as well as by

Direct thermometer reading is less than the value specified in the
Specification or agreed with customer, the PT is considered to have
Passed the temperature rise test.

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Document No. :TP/PT/04

MEHRU ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PVT.LTD Page No. : 01of 02

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 TESTING PROCEDURE Rev. : 00

4. Partial discharge test

Name of the Test : Partial discharge test

Aim : To conduct partial discharge test to find out the partial discharge value
as per Table 1of IS11322 (1985) & IEC-61869-3(2011) Clause 7.3.2, IEC-61869-
1(2007) Clause 7.3.2 & IEC-60270.

Apparatus : 800kV Series Resonance Test Set, Partial discharge detector, standard
calibrator box.

Procedure : All primary terminals of PT are shorted and connected to the high voltage
terminal of set. All primary and secondary neutral/ body/core are shorted
to earth Connect input terminal quadripole (measuring impedence unit) to
C point of PT & ground terminal of quadripole is connected to earth.

Circuit Diagram :

Components :-
U High voltage supply
Zm Input impedance of measuring system
CC Connecting Cable
OL Optical Link
Ca Test object
Ck Coupling capacitor
CD Coupling Device
MI Measuring instruments
Z Filter

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 Document No. :TP/PT/04

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TESTING PROCEDURE Rev. : 00

Calibration: Calibrate the whole set up using standard calibrator box at

10, 20, 50 & 100 pC. The standard pulse is fed from high voltage side.

Remove the Standard calibrator and apply the required voltages and
record values.

To conduct the test as per IS

Apply pre-stress voltage to the primary of PTs for 10 seconds as

Per IS. After applying pre-stress voltage decrease the voltage to the level
of measuring voltage for one Minute.

Pre- stress voltage is given by = 0.8 * 1.3 * Um

Measuring voltage is given by = 1.1 * Um / √3 < 10pC

To conduct the test as per IEC

Apply P.D. test voltage to PT at Um &note down the value of partial

discharge. Which should be not more then 10 pC .

Now measure the P.D. value at UM & 1.2 x Um /√3 & note down the
value of partial discharge which should be not more than 5 pC

Conclusion : If the value of partial discharge is within the limits specified

in IS 11322 & IEC-44-2 the PT is considered to have passed test.

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 Document No. :TP/PT/07

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TESTING PROCEDURE Rev. : 00

7. Capacitance and Dielectric Dissipation Factor Test

Name of the Test : Measurement of Capacitance and Dielectric Dissipation Factor Test. (Tan
delta)

Aim : To carry out measurement of Dielectric Dissipation Factor and

Capacitance PT as per clause 6.1.2.5 of IEC-44-2

Apparatus : 800 kV series resonance test set, 300 kV standard capacitor &
Tan delta & Capacitance test set.

Procedure : All primary and secondary neutral/ body/core are shorted to earth. All
primary terminals of PT & HT point of standard capacitor connected to HV
terminal of the high voltage source. Connect the LV terminal of standard
capacitor to reference sensor and earthing terminal of standard capacitor
is connected to earth. Now connect the c point to object sensor. Apply
the voltage. Measure the capacitance & tan delta at 10 kV and Um/√3
where Um is the HSV.

Conclusion : If the dissipation factor value of PT is within the limit as per standard
then the PT has passed this test.

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 Document No. :TP/PT/01

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TESTING PROCEDURE Rev. : 00

1. Verification of terminal marking and polarity

Name of the Test : Verification of terminal marking & polarity

Aim : To verify terminal marking and polarity of PT as per clause 9.2 of

IS 3156 (Part-1) :1992 & IEC-61869-1(2007) Clause 7.3.6

Apparatus : Automatic CT/PT test set, standard voltage transformers, High Voltage
Test Set

Procedure : Connect HT terminal of standard PT of suitable ratio & HT terminal of PT

under parallel with primary of high voltage source transformer. Select proper
parameters on the CT/PT test set. Connect secondary windings of standard &
test PT to the corresponding terminal on CT/PT test set. Increase the voltage
so that the percentage voltage can be read on the meter provided on the
CT/PT test set. . If the error gets balanced on the set (indicated by glowing
of Green lamp) the polarity of PT & connections made as per terminal
markings are correct & verified.

Conclusion : Since the CT/PT Test Set gives balance, the polarity is correct & terminal
markings are also verified.

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 Document No. :TP/PT/02B

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TESTING PROCEDURE Rev. : 00

2B. Separate source withstand test on primary windings

Name of the Test : Separate Source withstand test on earthed PT’s

Aim : To carry out separate source withstand test on insulated terminal of

primary winding of PT intended to be earthed as per clause 9.2 of
IS 3156 : 1992( Part-1)(9.2) of IEC 60044-2

Apparatus : High voltage test set of 0-5 kV range & 100mA current capacity

Procedure : Remove shorting link between ‘N’ terminal of PT & earth. Connect HT
terminal of 5kV HV test set to ‘N’ terminal & earthing terminal to earth
terminal. The frame,case(if any),core(if intended to be earthed) and all the
terminals of secondary windings should be connected together and earthed.
Apply test voltage for one minute.

Conclusion : If no disruptive discharge occurs or the circuit does not Trip

during the test, the C.T. is considered to have passed the test
satisfactorily.

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 Document No. :TP/PT/09

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TESTING PROCEDURE Rev. : 00

9 Short Circuit Test

Name of the Test : Short circuit Test

Aim : To carry out the short circuit test on the PT as per clause 9.9 if IS
3156/1992 & as per clause 8.2 of IEC 60044-2:2003

Apparatus : Ferro-Transient Short circuit Test Set.

Procedure : Before short circuit test the PT is tested for dielectric test ( Primary &
secondary high voltage , capacitance & tan delta measurement (at Um/√3),
partial discharge test (at Um & 1.2Um/√3 kV) & ratio and phase error
measurement (at 120%, 100% & 80% voltage) at 100% & 25% burden.
Now the PT is energized from primary side and short circuit is applied
between the secondary terminal for the duration of 1 sec. by selecting the
knob to the short circuit mode of test set. Now the PT is tested again for
primary and secondary high voltage at 90% of test voltage ,capacitance &
tan delta measurement(at Um/√3), partial discharge test (at Um & 1.2Um/√3
kV) and ratio and phase error (at 120%,100% & 80% voltage) at 100% &
25% burden.

Conclusion : The PT should have passed the following test if,

a) There is no physical damage to PT after the short circuit test
b) The PT should have passed the dielectric test at 90% voltage level after
the short circuit.
c) The surface of both primary and secondary winding does not shows any
carbonization.
d) The ratio and phase angle error do not differ by more than half the limits of
error in its accuracy class and also there is a no significant change in value
of capacitance.

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