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Movement Disorders PDF

This document describes several movement disorders including their presentation and characteristic lesions or notes. Akathisia causes restlessness and an urge to move and can be seen with neuroleptic use or Parkinson's disease. Asterixis presents as a flapping motion of the wrists and is associated with hepatic encephalopathy, Wilson's disease or other metabolic derangements. Athetosis involves slow, snake-like writhing movements especially of the fingers and has a characteristic basal ganglia lesion. Chorea features sudden jerky movements and also has a characteristic basal ganglia lesion, such as seen in Sydenham's chorea of rheumatic fever.

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Alok Ranjan Pradhan
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242 views

Movement Disorders PDF

This document describes several movement disorders including their presentation and characteristic lesions or notes. Akathisia causes restlessness and an urge to move and can be seen with neuroleptic use or Parkinson's disease. Asterixis presents as a flapping motion of the wrists and is associated with hepatic encephalopathy, Wilson's disease or other metabolic derangements. Athetosis involves slow, snake-like writhing movements especially of the fingers and has a characteristic basal ganglia lesion. Chorea features sudden jerky movements and also has a characteristic basal ganglia lesion, such as seen in Sydenham's chorea of rheumatic fever.

Uploaded by

Alok Ranjan Pradhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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 DISORDER: Akathisia

 PRESENTATION: Restlessness and intense urge to move


 NOTES: Can be seen with neuroleptic use or in Parkinson disease.
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 DISORDER: Asterixis
 PRESENTATION: Extension of wrists causes “flapping” motion
 NOTES: Associated with hepatic encephalopathy, Wilson disease, and other
metabolic derangements.
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 DISORDER: Athetosis
 PRESENTATION: Slow, snake-like, writhing movements; especially seen in the
fingers
 CHARACTERISTIC LESION: Basal ganglia
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DISORDER: Chorea
PRESENTATION: Sudden, jerky, purposeless movements
CHARACTERISTIC LESION: Basal ganglia
NOTES: Chorea = dancing. Sydenham chorea seen in acute rheumatic fever.
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 DISORDER: Dystonia
 PRESENTATION: Sustained, involuntary muscle contractions
 NOTES: Writer’s cramp, blepharospasm, torticollis.
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 DISORDER: Essential tremor
 PRESENTATION: High-frequency tremor with sustained posture (eg,
outstretched arms), worsened with movement or when anxious.
 NOTES: Often familial. Patients often self- medicate with alcohol, which
decreases tremor amplitude. Treatment: nonselective β-blockers (eg,
propranolol), primidone.
 DISORDER: Hemiballismus
 PRESENTATION: Sudden, wild flailing of 1 arm +/− ipsilateral leg
 CHARACTERISTIC LESION: Contralateral Subthalamic nucleus (eg, lacunar
stroke).
 NOTES: Pronounce “Half-of-body ballistic.” Contralateral lesion.
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 DISORDER: Intention tremor
 PRESENTATION: Slow, zigzag motion when pointing/extending toward a
target.
 CHARACTERISTIC LESION: Cerebellar dysfunction
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 DISORDER: Myoclonus
 PRESENTATION: Sudden, brief, uncontrolled muscle contraction
 NOTES: Jerks; hiccups; common in metabolic abnormalities such as renal and
liver failure.
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 DISORDER: Resting tremor
 PRESENTATION: Uncontrolled movement of distal appendages (most
noticeable in hands); tremor alleviated by intentional movement
 CHARACTERISTIC LESION: Substantia nigra (Parkinson disease).
 NOTES: Occurs at rest; “pill-rolling tremor” of Parkinson disease. When
you park your car, it is at rest.

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