02 Panel Layout
02 Panel Layout
– Introduction 2.4
– Mark VI simplex 2.5
– Mark VI TMR 2.7
– Control Module 2.10
– Control and Interface module 2.11
– Protection Module 2.12
– The Main Controller 2.13
– IONet 2.14
– Voting 2.15
– I/O Hardware 2.18
– Digital I/O 2.20
– Analog I/O 2.21
– Thermocouples and RTD’s 2.22
– Servo’s 2.22
– Speedmeasurement and Trips 2.24
– Trip Solenoid en Light off protection 2.25
– Vibrations 2.26
– Generator 2.27
– Power Supply 2.28
Subject:
Introduction Panel- Page
hardware 2.4
The Mark VI TMR and or simplex are typically part of a redundant network. Typical part are:
Network switches, servers and de MKVI itself. If the mkVI is simplex then there is usually also not a
redundant network.
An example of a full blown system is in Figure 2.1
All Control modules are directly connected to the UDH (Unit Data Highway).
In addition to the I/O boards, the control module contains an internal communication board, a
main processor board. Each board takes one slot.
I/O data is transmitted on the VME backplane between the I/O boards and the VCMI board
located in slot 1. The VCMI is used for internal communications between:
The main processor board executes the bulk of the application software at 10, 20, or 40ms
depending on the requirements of the application. Since most applications require that specific parts of
the control run at faster rates (servo loops, pyrometers) the distributed processor system between the
main processor and the dedicated I/O processors is very important for optimum system performance. A
QNX® operating system is used for real-time applications with multitasking, priority-driven pre-emptive
scheduling, and fast context switching.
.
Subject:
Mark VI Simplex Panel- Page
hardware 2.5
The control module is used for control, protection, and monitoring functions, but some
applications require backup protection. For example, backup emergency overspeed protection is always
provided for turbines that do not have a mechanical overspeed bolt, and backup synch check protection
is commonly provided for generator drives. In these applications, the IONet is extended to a backup
protection module that is available in Simplex and triple redundant forms. The triple redundant version
contains three independent sections (power supply, processor, I/O) that can be replaced while the
turbine is running. IONet is used to access diagnostic data or for cross-tripping between the control
module and the protection module, but it is not required for tripping.
In Simplex applications, the Control Module contains the processor card (UCV_), the
communications card (VCMI), and the I/O cards. The I/O cards communicate with the VCMI card which
communicates with the UCV_ card. An Ethernet port is located on the VCMI which is used for an IONET
interface with an expansion I/O Module (if required) or a Protection Module which is used for emergency
overspeed (EOS) protection and/or synch check protection. Note that most retrofit applications do not
need the Protection Module for EOS because the turbine already has a mechanical overspeed bolt.
Communication of data between the control module and other modules within the Mark VI control
system is performed on the IONet. The VCMI board in the control module is the IONet busmaster
communicating on an Ethernet 10-Base-2 network to slave stations. A unique poling type protocol
Asynchronous Drives Language (ADL) is used to make the IONet more deterministic than traditional
Ethernet LANs.
R R1
V U V
Simplex System with
C C I/O C I/O
M V Boards M Local & Remote I/O
Boards
I X I
IONet
R R1
V U V
C C C I/O Simplex System with
M V M Boards Multiple IONets &
I X I Remote I/O
IONet
R2
V
C I/O
M Boards
I
IONet
A triple redundant Mark VI control has three (3) sets of separate and independent Control
Modules. Each module has its own processor, communication card, I/O cards and power supply. A
single point failure in any Control Module will not cause a misoperation. Data from each Control
Module’s I/O cards is read by its communication card (VCMI) and transmitted to the VCMI cards in the
other two (2) Control Modules. Inputs are voted in software in a scheme called Software Implemented
Fault Tolerance (SIFT).Each VCMI card then “votes” the data from three (3) sets of I/O by selecting the
logically voted 2/3 data for logic points and the median value for analog data. The voted data is then
transmitted from the VCMI card to the processor card to be used by the application software. The term
“frame rate” means the time it takes to read all inputs, exchange the data between the three (3) Control
Module, vote the data, execute the application software, and write outputs to the control valves. Frame
rates are application specific depending on the system dynamics of each turbine. Also, some parts of the
control may run faster such as the control valve regulators. A typical frame rate is 40ms, and the servos
are regulated at 5ms.
All hardware & software which is required for the critical control functions and trip functions is
triple redundant as well as I/O and sequencing to perform a normal shutdown sequence. Non-critical
functions are implemented with hardware in one (1) of the three (3) Control Modules. Sensors for critical
functions may be implemented as triple, dual, or single devices as required. Most sensors are
connecting to one (1) TB point on the Mark VI and then internally paralleled to the three (3) Control
Modules. Exceptions are speed, thermocouple and RTD inputs.
Other forms of output voting are available including a median select of 4-20 mA outputs for
process control and 0-200 mA outputs for positioners. Sensor interface for TMR controls can be either
single, dual, triple redundant, or combinations of redundancy levels. The TMR architecture supports
riding through a single point failure in the electronics and repair of the defective board or module while
the process is running. Adding sensor redundancy increases the fault tolerance of the overall system.
Another TMR feature is the ability to distinguish between field sensor faults and internal electronics
faults. Diagnostics continuously monitor the three sets of input electronics and alarm any discrepancies
between them as an internal fault versus a sensor fault. In addition, all three main processors continue to
execute the correct voted input data.
Remote I/O applications are implemented by separating the processors and I/O cards into
separate card racks and cabinets. The I/O cards are mounted in Interface Modules with VCMIH1 cards
for communication to the VCMIH2 communication cards which are mounted in Control Modules with the
UCV_ processor cards. The cabinet which contains the Control Modules is called the Control Cabinet
which is mounted in an air-conditioned environment, and the Interface Modules are mounted in the
Termination Cabinet which can be mounted at the turbine and generator. One (1) Control Cabinet can
support interface with two (2) Termination Cabinets.
Communication between the Control Module and the Interface Module is performed on an
Ethernet 10Base2 (ThinNet Ethernet - Coax) network called IONET. Maximum distance between the
Control Module and the Interface Module is 185m (607’). See figure 2.5.
R S T
TMR System with
V U V U V U Local I/O
C C I/O C C I/O C C I/O
M V Boards M V Boards M V Boards UCVX is Controller
I X I X I X
VCMI is Bus Master
I/O are VME Boards
IONet - R Termination Boards
IONet - S not shown
IONet - T
IONet - R
IONet - S
IONet - T
R1 S1 T1
V V V
C I/O C I/O C I/O
IONet Supports
M Boards M Boards M Boards Multiple Remote
I I I I/O Racks
The control module is available as an integrated control and I/O module, or as a stand-alone
control module only. The integrated control and I/O rack can be either a 21-slot or 13-slot VME size. The
13-slot rack can accommodate all the boards for control of a small turbine. The backplane has P1 and
P2 connectors for the VME boards. The P1 connectors communicate data across the backplane, and the
P2
connectors communicate data between the board and 37-pin J3 and J4 connectors located
directly beneath each board. Cables run from the J3 and J4 connectors to the terminal boards.
There can be one control module (simplex) or three triple modular redundant (TMR) control
modules. Each of these configurations supports remote I/O over IONet. The simplex control modules
can be configured to support up to three independent parallel IONet systems for higher I/O throughput.
Multiple communication boards may be used in a control module to increase the IONet throughput. The
following figure shows a 21-slot rack with a three-IONet VCMI communication board, and a UCVx
controller. The UCVx must go in slot 2. The remaining slots are filled with I/O boards.
The Turbine Protection Module (VPRO) and associated terminal boards (TPRO and TREG)
provide an independent emergency overspeed protection for turbines that do not have a mechanical
overspeed bolt. The protection module is separate from the turbine control and consists of triple
redundant VPRO boards, each with their own on-board power supply, as shown in the following figure.
VPRO controls the trip solenoids through relay voting circuits on the TREG, TREL, and TRES boards.
The TPRO terminal board provides independent speed pickups to each VPRO, which processes
them at high speed. This high speed reduces the maximum time delay to calculate a trip and signal the
ETR relay driver to 20 ms. In addition to calculating speed, VPRO calculates acceleration which is
another input to the overspeed logic.
TPRO fans out generator and line voltage inputs to each VPRO where an independent generator
synchronization check is made. Until VPRO closes the K25Apermissive relay on TTUR, generator
synchronization cannot occur. For gas turbine applications, inputs from temperature sensors are brought
into the module for exhaust over temperature protection.
The VPRO boards do not communicate over the VME backplane. Failures on TREG are detected
by VPRO and fed back to the control system over the IONet. EachVPRO has an IONet communication
port equivalent to that of the VCMI.
x x x x x x x x x x x
x x
To TREG
Power In
125 Vdc
The controller is a single-slot VME board, housing a high-speed processor, DRAM, flash memory,
cache, an Ethernet port, and two serial RS-232C ports. It must always be inserted in slot 2 of an I/O rack
designed to accommodate it. These racks can be identified by the fact that there are no J3 and J4
connectors under slot 2. The controller provides communication with the UDH through the Ethernet port,
and supports a low-level diagnostic monitor on the COM1 serial port. The base software includes
appropriate portions of the existing Turbine Block Library of control functions for the steam, gas, and
Land-Marine aero-derivative (LM) products. The controller can run its program at up to 100 Hz, (10 ms
frame rate), depending on the size of the system configuration.
External data is transferred to/from the controller over the VME bus by the VCMI communication
board. In a simplex system, the data consists of the process I/O from the I/O boards, and in a TMR
system, it consists of voted I/O.
IONET is the internal network which communicates between the various Mark VI modules. It uses
Ethernet with a special poling type protocol ADL (Asynchronous Drives Language) to make the network
more deterministic.
The Bus Master Controller cards (VCMI) and the Turbine Protection cards (VPRO) are the only
cards involved in the IONET communications. The VPRO is a hybrid card which combines VCMI
functionality with dedicated protective I/O and software.
Voting is the mechanism that takes care that finally all three UCVx cards get the same data.
It is not important in which rack the I/O card are. The VCMI cards are collecting the data, do the
voting and then send the voted values to the processors.
All inputs are exchanged with all other processors, no voting occurs
Field Wiring Termin. Bd. I/O Board VCMI IONet VCMI Controller
SC R Voted (A,B,C)
A
R Voter
B SC S Voted (A,B,C)
S Voter
SC T Voted (A,B,C)
C
T Voter
SC S Voted (A)
S Voter
SC T Voted (A)
T Voter
Figure 2.15 One sensor for one TMR value
Subject:
Voting Panel- Page
hardware 2.16
A SC R
Figure 2.16 One sensor for one simplex value in a TMR panel
I/O Board KR KS
Channel R Relay KR
Coil
Driver
KS KS KT Relay Output
I/O Board Relay
Coil
Channel S Driver
KT KT KR
Relay
I/O Board Coil
Driver
Channel T
I/O Boards
Servo Driver Output
Termination Coils
Channel R
D/A Board on Servo
Valve
Servo Driver
Channel S
D/A
Servo Driver
Channel T
D/A
Hydraulic
Servo
Valve
I/O Boards
4-20 mA Driver Output Current
Channel R Termination Feedback
D/A Board
Output
4-20 mA Driver
Load
Channel S
D/A
4-20 mA Driver
Channel T
D/A
(+) Sup.
Gate Inv. Mask
(-) Ref.
Gate Inv. Mask
Field Contact
(+) Sup.
Gate Inv. Mask
(-) Optical Isolation
60 Vrms Noise Rejection at 125vdc
Excitation Gate Inv. Mask
Field Contact
Sup. 4 msec Hardware Filter
(+)
1 msec Resolution - SOE
(-)
Field Contact
(+) Sup.
(-)
Terminations Terminations
Field Contact
Circuit (+) (-) Conn. Current Circuit (+) (-) Conn. Current
(+) Sup.
Ckt. #1 01 02 J33 2.5ma Ckt. #13 25 26 J44 2.5ma
Ckt. #2 03 04 J33 2.5ma Ckt. #14 27 28 J44 2.5ma
(-) Ckt. #3 05 06 J33 2.5ma Ckt. #15 29 30 J44 2.5ma
Ckt. #4 07 08 J33 2.5ma Ckt. #16 31 32 J44 2.5ma
Field Contact
Ckt. #5 09 10 J33 2.5ma Ckt. #17 33 34 J44 2.5ma
(+) Sup.
Ckt. #6 11 12 J33 2.5ma Ckt. #18 35 36 J44 2.5ma
Ckt. #7 13 14 J33 2.5ma Ckt. #19 37 38 J44 2.5ma
(-) Ckt. #8 15 16 J33 2.5ma Ckt. #20 39 40 J44 2.5ma
Ckt. #9 17 18 J33 2.5ma Ckt. #21 41 42 J44 2.5ma
Field Contact Ckt. #10 19 20 J33 2.5ma Ckt. #22 43 44 J44 10ma
Ckt. #11 21 22 J33 2.5ma Ckt. #23 45 46 J44 10ma
Ckt. #12 23 24 J33 2.5ma Ckt. #24 47 48 J44 10ma
Monitor
"6" of these circuits
DRY
JP1-6 K# K#
NO
SOL JPX
TB3
01 Com
+
02 Field Solenoid
Power Source K#
03 NC
(20Amp) -
04
Sol
JF1 "1" circuit
3.2 Amp Contact Ratings
K# K#
slow-blow NO
Alternate Power 24vdc: 3.0A, resistive
Source 3.0A, L/R = 7ms no suppr.
JF2 Com 3.0A, L/R = 100ms with suppr.
(7Amp)
125vdc: 0.6A, resistive
K# 0.2A, L/R = 7 ms, no suppr.
NC 0.6A, L/R = 100ms, with suppr.
JG1 120/240vac: 3.0A, resistive
Available for GT 2.0A, pf = 0.4
Ignition Transformers Sol 7.0A, with suppr. (12th ckt.)
(7 Amp up to 240 vac)
Subject:
Panel- Page
Analog I/O
hardware 2.21
Input Terminations
Ckt P24V/20ma/VDC/RetJumpers
JT1 J3/4 1 01 / 02 / 03 / 04 J1A,J1B
2 05 / 06 / 07 / 08 J2A,J2B
3 09 / 10 / 11 / 12 J3A,J3B
Same for <T> 4 13 / 14 / 15 / 16 J4A,J4B
10 37 / 38 / 39 / 40 J10A,J10B
TMR 50 ohms
4-20ma Circuit #1
Simp 02 Return
Output Card
IS200VAOC Voting Circuitry 03 Signal
04 Return
Circuit #2
05 Signal
Sensing
06 Return Circuit #3
07 Signal
08 Return Circuit #4
Group 1 09 Signal
10 Return Circuit #5
11 Signal
12 Return Circuit #6
13 Signal
14 Return Circuit #7
15 Signal
Second set of (8) 16 Circuit #8
D/A J4 JR2 Return
4-20ma outputs
17 Signal
Config_en_L(n)
Config_en_O(n)
Enable
Scaling
Noise
Sensor A=>B Latch
Suppression
or AND
Config_lmt(n)
A=<B
Hi / Lo Select
System Limit Check
System Alarm Disable OR
Noise
Sensor Config_latch(n)
Suppression
Latch Alarm AND
Noise
Sensor Suppression
AND Reset Diagnostic Alarm Latch
Config_en_L(n)
Config_en_O(n)
Enable
Scaling
Noise
Sensor A=>B Latch
Suppression
or AND
Config_lmt(n)
A=<B
Hi / Lo Select
System Limit Check
System Alarm Disable OR
Noise Config_latch(n)
Sensor Suppression
Latch Alarm AND
Noise
Sensor Suppression
AND Reset Diagnostic Alarm Latch
42 S 22 ohms
JR5 J5 U
89 ohms
43 2 Ckts. P
Pulse Rate Inputs 1k ohm
Pr/D Same for <S>
Active Probes 44
0 - 12 k Hz
P24V 45 CL
Only available on S 3.2KHz, 7V rms
1 of 2 TSVOs 46 U
1 Ckt. Excitation Source
P
JS5 J5 For LVDTs
47
Pulse Rate Inputs
Same for <S> J3/4 JT1 Servo coil driven from <T>
Active Probes 48 JP3,6
0 - 12 k Hz
Noise
LVDT/R Input Terminations S 22 ohms
SuppressionJT5 J5 U
P
89 ohms
Ckt High Low 2 Ckts.
Same for <T> 1k ohm
1 1 2 Same for <T>
2 3 4
3 5 6 LVDT/R Excitation Terminations
4 7 8 S 3.2KHz, 7V rms
Ckt High Low Source 1 Ckt. U Excitation Source
5 9 10 P
1 17 18 <R> For LVDTs
6 11 12
2 19 20 <R>
3 21 22 <S>
4 23 24 <T>
<PDM>
24 or 125vdc
<R> Control Module
Connector at
bottom of
43
Filter
VME rack
#2 Primary
Clamp
Magnetic Suppr.
AC
Speed PU 44 Coupling
Power
45
#3 Primary Filter
Clamp J2
Magnetic Suppr.
AC
46 -
Speed PU Coupling
Hydraulic Trip Solenoids
+
0 to 14 k Hz -
Termination Board J2
IS200TPRO
<P> Protection Module (EOS) - Section X
JX5 J5 <R>
31 Commun.
Filter
JX1
#1 Emerg. J3
Clamp
Magnetic Suppr.
AC
f( ) Pr/D OS Algorithm Buffer
Speed PU 32 Coupling
J7 <PDM>
3 Circuits IS200VPRO 125vdc
JY5
37 <P> Protection Module (EOS) - Section Y Termination Board
Filter
JY1
#2 Emerg. IS200TREG
Clamp
Magnetic Suppr.
AC
Same for Section Y
Speed PU 38 Coupling
IS200VPRO J1
3 Circuits Trip signal to
JZ5 servo TB
43 TSVO (JD1)
<P> Protection Module (EOS) - Section Z JZ1
#3 Emerg. Filter
Clamp
Magnetic Suppr.
AC Same for Section Z
Speed PU 44 Coupling
IS200VPRO
3 Circuits
Termination Board J1
IS200TREG
13 JX1 <P>
14 CL P28VV VPRO
15 Section X
J3
E-STOP 16 JY1 <P>
17 VPRO
K4X
18 Section Y
P125X
J3
K4Y 2 JZ1 <P>
KE1 RD
JH1 3 VPRO
-125vdc
<PDM> Section Z
Power Distribution K4Z Economizing Relays KE2 2 J3
+125vdc RD 3
Module For Solenoids
KE3 2
35 RD 3
36
37 KE1,2,3
38
K4CL 2
RD 3
39 Servo Clamp
40
41 28vdc
Trip Contacts 42
Diagnostics monitor the
43 relay contacts
44
45
46
47
48
Subject:
Trip solenoid and Light off protection Panel- Page
hardware 2.25
(-) 36
L28FD1
(+) 37 Flame detected on any 2
Run Turbine
UV scanners
(-) 38
L28FD2
(+) 39
Loss of flame detected on Trip Turbine
(-) 40 any 3 UV scanners & Alarm
L28FD3
(+) 41
(-) 44
(+) 45
(-) 46
(+) 47
(-) 48
Subject:
Vibrations Panel- Page
hardware 2.26
<R>
<S>
<T>
Term ination Board Proxim itor Processor
IS200TVIB Card Card
IS200VVIB IS200UCV_ L39VF1X "X" Probe Fault Alarm
<R>
<S>
<T>
Termination Board Proximitor Processor
IS200TVIB Card Card
IS200VVIB IS200UCV_
JC1
L39AF1 L39AXT1
JC1: Circuits 9-12 Position Connectors at L39AXFT L39AXT
JD1: Circuits 13, 14 KP bottom of L39AF2 2/3 Probe L39AXT2 2/3 Probes At
2/3 T 2/3 T
VME racks L39AF3 Fault Trip L39AXT3 Trip Level
1 sec 1 sec
Probe Proximitor Shown for <R>
-24vdc CL
JR1 J3/4 -28vdc
Noise
Range = -0.5 to -20 vdc Suppression
Same for <T> AXIAL2 L39AXA2
Accuracy = 1% of full scale
Resolution = 14 Bits Same as above for thrust input #2
L39AF2 L39AXT2
AXIAL3 L39AXA3
Input Terminations Same as above for thrust input #3
L39AF3 L39AXT3
Ckt -24V/High/Low Function
9 25 / 26 / 27 Position
10 28 / 29 / 30 Position
11 31 / 32 / 33 Position
12 34 / 35 / 36 Position
13 37 / 38 / 39 Keyphas
Subject:
Generator Panel- Page
hardware 2.27
Synch Check
Relay Perm. Auto Synch Enabled Speed Matching Permissive
L43EX_ALM EX2000 in man reg. L52G Gen breaker direct FB L25P L52SX Auto synch perm.
L83S_MAN In man synch mode AND L83S_AUTO L52Z Auto synch enabled
AND
OR AND
L25P Auto / Man sych perm. L3SVL System voltage ok (TD) L2S (25X) L27BN Bus undervoltage L69TNM
AND
L14HS Turbine at synch speed
L3SYNCH Sys & gen voltage ok
L25X_PERM & system & gen frequency ok
L3DEADBUS Deadbus closure perm. AND
Synch check
permissive