900 - 1400

 (900) Indian Kingdom of Tondo established around Bay of Manila

 (1000) Trade routes established in Sulu by people from Southern Annam (present
day Vietnam)
 (1200 - 1300) Migrants from Borneo spread into southern Philippines
 (1240) Arab Tuan Masha'ika introduced Islam to Sulu
 (1380) Muslim Arabs arrived at Sulu Archipelago, built a mosque in Jolo
 (1450) Muslim Sultanate of Jolo established on islands between Borneo and Mindanao
 (1475) Muslim sultanate of Maguindanao founded on Mindanao; Islam spread throughout
the archipelago reaching as far as central Luzon.
1500s
 (1521) Portuguese explorer, Ferdinand Magellan discovered Homonhon Island, named it
"Arcigelago de San Lazaro"
 (1521) Magellan reached the Philippines
 (1521) Magellan reached Limasawa Island, met Rajah Kulambo, the ruler
 (1521) Magellan and Kulambo entered into blood compact
 (1521) First Philippine mass is held at Limasawa
 (1521) Magellan sailed to Cebu Island, entered into blood compact with Chieftain Rajah
Humabon
 (1521) Magellan died in battle near Cebu
 (1525 - 1536) Spain attempted sending three more expeditions to Philippines - all failed
 (1543) Spanish expedition led by Ruy Lopez de Villalobos arrived; he named the islands the
Philippines in honor of Philip II, son of King Charles I of Spain
 (1565) Expedition led by Miguel Lopez de Legaspi arrived
 (1565) Legaspi established first permanent Spanishsettlement on Cebu, became first
Spanish General-Governor
 (1568) Portuguese attacked Cebu, blockaded port
 (1571) Legaspi established Spanish Colonial Government in Manila; proclaimed it the capital
of the colony
 (1580) King Philip II of Spain became King of Portugal, ended Portuguese harassment of
Philippines
 (1580) Forced labor of all males aged 16 to 60 instituted by Spanish
 (1583) Fire destroyed Manila
1600s - 1700s
 (1600) Dutch attacked the Philippines during Europeanwar between Spain and the
Netherlands.
 (1603) In the Luzon Tragedy, over 30,000 Chinesemerchants were killed, along with officials
and civilians by Spanish chieftain
 (1621 - 1683) Revolts and uprisings against religious customs and Spanish rule occurred
throughout the Philippines
 (1744) Dagohoy Revolt in Bohol lasted 85 years, provided independence from Spanish rule
 (1754) Towns of Lipa, Sala, Tanauan, Talisay destroyed by eruption of Mt. Taal
 (1762) During Europe's Seven Years War, British attacked and occupied Manila
 (1762) British took control of Philippines; Darsonne Drake became Governor-General;
colony opened to international trading
 (1763) British occupation of Philippines ended when Treaty of Paris signed
by England, Spain and France; Manila was returned to Spain
1800s
 (1808) French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte installed brother Joseph as King of Spain
 (1809) Spanish colonies, including Philippines made part of Spain, Filipinos given privileges
of Spanish citizenship and representation in Parliament
 (1812) Cadiz Constitution established
 (1813) Cadiz Constitution implemented in Manila
 (1813) In Battle of the Nations, French were defeated, Napoleonic forces driven out of Spain
 (1814) Ferdinand VII, son of King Charles IV, became King of Spain
 (1816) Spanish Parliament rejected Cadiz Constitution, Philippine representation abolished
 (1830) Port of Manila opened
 (1863) Earthquake left Manila in ruins
 (1869) Suez Canal opened, steamship service established between Philippines and Europe
 (1872) 200 Filipino soldiers staged mutiny in Cavite for secularization and nationalism
 (1872) Three priests executed as alleged leaders of Cavite Conspiracy
 (1890s) Insurrection against Spanish rule began
 (1898) U.S. Navy destroyed Spanish fleet in Manila Bay during Spanish-American War
 (1898) Spain and U.S. signed Treaty of Paris, Spain ceded Philippines to U.S. for payment of
20 million dollars
 (1899) Hostilities flared between Filipino and U.S. forces
1900s
 (1901) Filipino insurgent leader, Emilio Aguinaldo was captured
 (1901) William H. Taft became first U.S. governor of Philippines
 (1901) 48 members of U.S. 9th Infantry killed by townspeople and guerrillas in the Balangiga
Massacre
 (1902) Civil government established by U.S. to replace military rule
 (1902) Governor Taft improved economic conditions, established "pensionado" program for
students, modernized and westernized the country
 (1907) First congressional election took place, Philippine assembly was inaugurated
 (1911) 1,334 people were killed when Mt. Taal erupted
 (1916) Jones Law enacted, promised independence when stable government was
established
 (1934) Tydings-McDuffie Law (Philippine Independence Law) approved by U.S. President
Roosevelt, allowed establishment of Commonwealth of the Philippines and full
independence in ten years
 (1935) Philippine Constitution approved
 (1935) Manuel Quezon elected president for six-year term in first elections, office
of U.S. Governor-General was abolished
 (1941) Manuel Quezon re-elected president in second election
 (1941) After bombing of Pearl Harbor, Japanese attacked Philippines as ally of U.S.
 (1941) U.S. troops left Manila, surrendering it to Japanese
 (1941) U.S. and Filipino troops retreated to Bataan
 (1942) Bataan was last province to surrender to Japanese
 (1942) Bataan Death March - 36,000 U.S. and Filipino soldiers were forced to march without
food and water, prisoners of war were killed by their guards, survivors were taken to a
concentration camp at Capaz
 (1942) Japanese forces entered Manila, proclaimed end of U.S. occupation of Philippines,
martial law was imposed
 (1942) Commonwealth of the Philippines joined United Nations
 (1943) Philippine economy collapsed, shortage of rice became serious
 (1945) U.S. forces entered Manila; Battle of Manila ended; Japan surrendered to U.S.
 (1946) Islands granted full independence, renamed Republic of the Philippines
 (1947) Elpidio Quirino took oath of office as President of the Philippines
 (1947) U.S. awarded military bases in Philippines
 (1951) Peace treaty signed with Japan
 (1953) Ramon Magsaysay elected President of the Republic of the Philippines
 (1957) President Magsaysay died in plane crash; Vice-President Carlos P. Garcia assumed
office
 (1957) Carlos P. Garcia elected President of the Republic of the Philippines
 (1961) Diosdado Macapagal won presidential election
 (1965) Ferdinand Marcos elected President
 (1969) Ferdinand Marcos re-elected President
 (1969) Muslim separatists began campaign of guerrilla war in the country's south
 (1972) Suspicious bombing incidents increased around the country
 (1972) President Marcos declared the entire country was under martial law, suspended
parliament, arrested opposition politicians, imposed censorship
 (1972) Opposition leader, Senator Benigno Aquino, arrested
 (1973) Constitutional Convention passed new Constitution of the Philippines; gave President
Marcos absolute power
 (1973) President Marcos' term extended by referendum
 (1976) Major earthquake and following tsunami killed 8,000 people at Mindanao.
 (1977) Referendum empowered President Marcos to continue in office, and to also become
Prime Minister
 (1977) Opposition leader Benigno Aquino sentenced to death; execution delayed by
President Marcos
 (1980) Benigno Aquino released to undergo heart surgery in the U.S.
 (1981) Due to upcoming three-day visit by the Pope, martial law was lifted
 (1981) Marcos re-elected president
 (1983) Benigno Aquino assassinated at Manila International Airport upon arrival from
the U.S.
 (1986) Aquino's widow, Corazon, ran against Marcos in presidential election; Marcos
declared himself winner, Aquino disputed results
 (1986) Mass protests followed election; military withdrew support of Marcos
 (1986) Marcos fled to Hawaii
 (1986) New government claimed Marcos looted billions of dollars during his presidency
 (1989) U.S. assisted Philippine government forces in suppressing attempted coup
 (1990) Military officials convicted of murdering Benigno Aquino
 (1991) Philippine Senate voted to end U.S. military presence in the county
 (1992) President Aquino's defense minister, Fidel Ramos, won presidency
 (1996) Peace agreement reached with Moro National Liberation Front, a Muslim separatist
group; the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) continued with its campaign
 (1997) Economy damaged by Asian financial crisis
 (1998) Joseph Estrada elected president
2000s
 (2000) President Estrada declared "all-out-war" against Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF)
 (2000) Impeachment proceedings began against President Estrada due to allegations of
corruption, violation of the Constitution, betraying of public trust
 (2001) Following suspension of impeachment proceedings, mass street protests took place;
military withdrew its support of Estrada
 (2001) Estrada forced to step down due to public outrage over corruption allegations; Vice
President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo assumed the office of president
 (2001) Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) declared cease fire; said it was ready for talks
with government
 (2001) Estrada charged with plundering more than $80 million in state funds while in office;
found guilty, jailed for life; won a pardon
 (2002) U.S. and Filipino military held joint exercises in war on international terrorism
 (2002) Series of bomb blasts on Manila bus and three locations in Zamboanga City blamed
on Islamic militants
 (2003) Cease fire between MILF and government
 (2003) Talks between MILF and government were called off after rebel attack in Mindanao
killed 30
 (2003) Over 300 army soldiers seized shopping center in Manila in a mutiny; surrendered
peacefully after negotiations
 (2003) President Arroyo declared state of rebellion
 (2004) Arroyo won presidential election
 (2004) Hundreds of people killed in floods and mudslides caused by powerful storms
and typhoon
 (2005) Fighting between Filipino troops and MILF rebels broke 2003 cease fire
 (2005) Peace talks in Malaysia between government and MILF rebels resulted in
breakthrough of issue of ancestral land
 (2005) Demonstrations and calls for President Arroyo's resignation over allegations
of vote-rigging in election
 (2005) Congress voted against filing of impeachment against Arroyo
 (2006) Mudslide on island of Leyte killed more than 1,000
 (2006) President Arroyo declared state of emergency in response to coup rumors
 (2006) Typhoon Durian battered east coast, triggered mudslides, hundreds dead
 (2007) Army confirmed death of Abu Sayyaf leader, Khaddafy Janjalani
 (2007) Military increased offensive against Abu Sayyaf, after the beheading of seven
Christian hostages
 (2007) Government report accused military of being responsible for killings of
hundreds of left-win activists
 (2007) Soldiers on trial for 2003 mutiny, made coup attempt at luxury hotel in Manila
 (2007) Former President Joseph Estrada was convicted of plunder
 (2008) Government negotiators, MILF rebels reached an agreement for a Muslim
autonomous region in the south; deal collapsed after objections from Christian
communities and fighting on island of Mindanao which left more than 30 people dead
 (2009) Army captured MILF base on Mindanao
 (2009) People traveling to file election nomination papers in Mindanao were attacked,
57 were killed
 (2009) Peace talks resumed between government and MILF rebels in peace talks
in Malaysia
 (2009) Three volunteers of the International Committee of Red Cross kidnapped by
the Abu Sayyaf rebels
 (2009) Former President Corazon Aquino died
 (2009) "State of calamity" declared by President Gloria Arroyo due to Typhoon
Ketsana which caused landslides, flooding; nearly 500 people died
 (2010) Prosecutors charged 196 people with murder over the Maguindanao
massacre
 (2010) Benigno "Noynoy" Aquino elected president
 (2010) Manila Hostage Crisis occurred when dismissed national police officer
hijacked tourist bus in Manila in attempt to get his job back
 (2010) Typhoon Megi killed 31 people, caused major damages in Luzon, one of the
costliest typhoons in the Philippines
 (2011) U.S. committed to defense of the Philippines amid rising tensions in South
China Sea with China over the Spratly Islands
 (2011) Former President Gloria Arroyo arrested on vote-fraud over Senate election in
2007, she denied charges
 (2011) Ban ordered on deployment of workers to 41 countries for failure to sign
agreements to protect foreign workers from abuse
 (2011) More than 1,000 died after Typhoon Washi struck Mindanao; entire
neighborhoods swept away, tens of thousands forced into shelters
 (2011) Abu Sayyaf group blamed for explosion at small hotel in Zamboanga which
killed three, injured nearly 30
 (2012) Gunmen in speedboats opened fire on fishermen off Sibago Island, killed 15
 (2012) Military announced it killed man on FBI most-wanted terror list, two other
militants in pre-dawn air strike on Sulu Island
 (2012) Philippines, Chinese naval vessels confronted one another in South China
Sea
 (2012) Torrential rains caused flooding which paralyzed most of Manila
 (2012) Philippine Interior Secretary Jesse Robredo missing after the light aircraft he
was traveling in crashed into the sea
 (2012) Approximately 3,000 protesters from the Philippines Muslim minority
burned U.S. and Israeli flags in Marawi over amateur anti-Islam video produced in
the U.S.
 (2013) Filipino coastguard killed Taiwanese fisherman in disputed waters, set off
major diplomatic row
 (2013) Over 75,000 residents fled Zamboanga during stand-off between Moro
National Liberation Front rebels and the army, 200 people were killed, including 166
rebels
 (2013) Typhoon Haiyan decimated central area of the country, over 6,000 killed,
millions lost homes, major international aid effort was organized
 (2013) Government and Moro Islamic Liberation Front signed power-sharing accord
 (2014) Benito Tiamzon and wife Wilma, leaders of the Communist Party-New
People's Army-National Democratic Front, and five others were arrested by armed
forces for for their crimes against humanity that included multiple murders
 (2014) Government and Moro Islamic Liberation Front signed peace accord, ended
four decades of fighting
 (2014) U.S. and Philippines reached 10-year agreement giving American warships,
planes and troops greater access to bases in Philippines
 (2014) National Police arrested 11 Chinese fisherman for poaching more than 500
endangered sea turtles in disputed South China Sea