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Bonding & Molecular Structure: Topic Outline: Directions For BLOOMS - Lower Order - Understanding

This document outlines the key differences between different types of chemical substances, including ionic, covalent, polar, and nonpolar. It compares the constituent particles, bond strengths, melting and boiling points, and conductivity of these substances. For example, it notes that ionic substances have higher melting and boiling points due to stronger bonds between ions, while covalent substances have lower melting and boiling points due to weaker molecular bonds. It also discusses how ionic substances conduct electricity when dissolved in water due to dissociated ions, while covalent substances are generally poor conductors.

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99 views

Bonding & Molecular Structure: Topic Outline: Directions For BLOOMS - Lower Order - Understanding

This document outlines the key differences between different types of chemical substances, including ionic, covalent, polar, and nonpolar. It compares the constituent particles, bond strengths, melting and boiling points, and conductivity of these substances. For example, it notes that ionic substances have higher melting and boiling points due to stronger bonds between ions, while covalent substances have lower melting and boiling points due to weaker molecular bonds. It also discusses how ionic substances conduct electricity when dissolved in water due to dissociated ions, while covalent substances are generally poor conductors.

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Name ___________________________________ Period ______ Date ____________________

Bonding & Molecular Structure


C.3.5 Use laboratory observations and data to compare & contrast ionic, covalent,
network, metallic, polar, and non-polar substances with respect to constituent particles,
strength of bonds, melting, and boiling points and conductivity; provide examples of each
type.
Topic Outline:
• Different Types of Substances Directions for BLOOMS – Lower Order –
UNDERSTANDING:
• Ionic Constituent Particles Students will locate & label all missing
information in the guided notes using
• Covalent Constituent Particles PowerPoint discussions.

• Strengths of Bonds

• Melting & Boiling Points


o Ionic Substances
o Covalent Substances
• Conductivity
o Ionic Substances
o Covalent Substances
• Solubility
o Ionic Substances
o Covalent Substances
• Summary

Different Types of Substances

Nonpolar
Polar Ionic
Covalent

Covalent Network
Ionic Metallic
Macromolecules

Polar Covalent

Chem-is-try 37
Ionic Constituent Particles

Covalent Constituent Particles

Chem-is-try 38
Strengths of Bonds

Melting & Boiling Points

Ionic Substances
• High Melting & Boiling Points due to Stronger Bond Force

Covalent Substances
• Low Melting & Boiling Points due to Weaker Bond Force

Conductivity

Ionic Substances
• Create Ions which are great conductors
• Metallic Ions are the best conductors
• Melted Ions of other fashions (or free ions in water) are the next best conductors.

Covalent Substances
• Poor electrical conduction in all physical states.

Solubility
What’s needed to break these substances apart in liquids?

Ionic Substances
• Polar Liquids – Water

Covalent Substances
• Nonpolar Liquids – Lipids (Oils, fats)

Chem-is-try 39
Summary
Ionic Compounds
• Solids unless melted at extremely high temperatures (made of Ions)
• High melting & boiling point
• Conduct electricity when disassociated in water
• Metals are ionic conductors
• Break apart in polar liquids (water)

Covalent Compounds
• Gases, liquids, or solids (molecules)
• Low melting & boiling point
• Poor electrical conductors as solids, liquids, or gases
• Breaks apart in nonpolar liquids (oils; heated fats)

Chem-is-try 40

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