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CONFIDENTIAL

NAVAL AIR TEST CENTER

Patuxent River, Maryland

* * * *

PROJECT TED NO. PTR PP-5.102.5

( V) PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THE J57-P-8A
V
ENGINE IN THE F4D-1 AIRPLANE ON JP-5
FIEL, REPORT #1, FINAL REPORT

SERVICE TEST DIVISION

APR ; 19! ,

J i 1 t > «J f4 «^
NOTICE-This document contains information affecting the national defense
of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title 18,
U. S. C, Sections 793 and 794. The transmission or the revelation of its
contents in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.

The security classification of this report shall be downgraded when appro«

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 NAVAL AIR TEST CENTER
PTR PP-5102.5 U. S. NAVAL AIR STATION
ST312-09 PATUXENT RIVER, MARYLAND
CONFIDENTIAL
'3 Feb 1957

PROJECT TED NO. PTR PP-5102.5; PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF

J57-P-8A ENGINE IN THE F4D-1 AIRPLANE ON JP-5 FUEL,
REPORT #1, FINAL REPORT

ABSTRACT
1. This report covers an evaluation, conducted by the Service
Test Division, of the J57-P-8A engine using JP-5 fuftl. Two
F4D-1 airplanes were utilized for the tests during which one
airplane was flown a total of 123.5 hours and the other flown
a total of 59.2 hours.
2. It is concluded that general engine operation was excellent.
Inspection of the engines revealed no discrepancies which could
be attributed to the use of JP-5 fuel. Engine performance is
approximately the same as with JP-4 fuel.
3. It is recommended that JP-5 fuel be approved for use in the
J57-P-8A engine installed in the F4D-1 airplane and that long
reach igniter plugs be used to improve cold weather starting
characteristics.

CONFIDENTIAL
 *

NAVAL AIR TEST CENTER

PTR PP-5102.5 U. S. NAVAL AIR STATION
ST312-09 PATUXENT RIVER, MARYLAND
CONFIDENTIAL

13 Feb 1957

From: Commander, Naval Air Test Center

To: Chief, Bureau of Aeronautics
Subj: Project TED No. PTR PP-5102.5; Performance Evaluation
of the J57-P-8A Engine in the F4D-1 Airplane on JP-5
Fuel, Report #1, Final Report
Ref: (a) BuAer Itr Aer-PP-51/29 of 23 Mar 1956
(b) Test Number 4-2, BuAer Manual of Aircraft Test
Directives
(c) F4D-1 Flight Handbook, AN 01-40FBA-1, of
1 Oct 1956
End: (1) Air Start Data Using Standard Igniter Plugs
|2) Air Start Data Using Long Reach Igniter Plugs
,3) Jam Acceleration Data
INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE
1. Project TED No. PTR PP-5102.5 was established by refer-
ence (a), with a "B" priority, to conduct a flight evaluation
of the J57-P-8A engine using standard grade JP-5 fuel.
DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT
2. Two F4D-1 airplanes equipped with J57-P-8A engines were
used for the tests. Engine serial P-604763 was installed in
airplane BuNo 134746 and engine serial P-605098 was installed
in BuNo 134803. The JP-5 fuel conformed to Mil Spec MIL-F-
5624C.
RECORD OF TESTS
3. The following is a chronological record of the tests:
a. Date of project directive. ......... 23 Mar 1956
b. Commenced JP-5 tests with engine serial
P-604763 ..................... 17 May 1956

CONFIDENTIAL

- i
PTR PP-5102.5 _T
ST312-09 CONFIDENTIAL
c. Commenced JP'5 tests with enqine serial
P-605098 o o 17 Jul 1956
d. Sixty hour inspection of engine serial
P-604763 completed 28 Aug 1956
e. Sixty hour inspection of engine serial
P-605098 completed ............... 15 Nov 1956
f. One hundred twenty hour inspection of
engine serial P-604763 completed ....... 28 Dec 1956
SCOPE AND METHOD OF TESTS
4. Tests were conducted in accordance with reference (b).
Engine serial P-604763 was operated for 123.5 hours and
engine serial P-605098 was operated for 59.2 hours under the
following conditions:
FLIGHT TIME - HOURS
ENGINE TOTAL CRT MRT NRT

P-604763 123.5 13.9 23.9 26.2

P-605098 59.2 6.0 12.4 12.0

FLIGHT TIME AT ALTITUDE - HOURS
0- 20- 30- 40- Above
ENGINE 20, 300' 30,000' 40.000' 50,000' 50.000'

P-604763 41 ,8 21.7 29.4 29.8 0.8

P-605098 18 .9 10.3 15.8 13.7 0.5

At approximately 60 hour intervals the engines were removed
from the airplanes, disassembled and inspected.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
General
5. Minor fuel control adjustments were necessary when chang-
ing from 3:1 Jet Mix or JP-4 to JP-5. Approximately 0.5 man-
hours were expended in "trimming" the engine by adjusting fuel
CONFIDENTIAL 2
PTR PP-5102 5
ST312-09 * CONFIDENTIAL
flow at the idle and MRT throttle positions. Engine perform-
ance was approximately the same with each fuel.
6. Inspection of the engines revealed no discrepancies which
could be attributed to the use of JP-5 fuel. There was no
evidence of corrosion or gumming. Inspection of the fuel
systems revealed no evidence of deterioration of fuel cells or
sealants.
St3IÜD£ Characteristi_cs^
7. Ground starting characteristics were evaluated through-
out the tests at ambient temperatures between 180F and 90oF.
Both standard igniter plugs (Champion AA 14-S) and long
reach igniter plugs (Champion AA-10S and BG-C-11,000) were
used. During cold weather starts with standard Igniter plugs,
light-offs were delayed and several starts were unsuccessful.
All starts were normal with long reach igniter plugs. The
following is an average of the times required for starting
and static engine acceleration:
Ignite to light off ......... 5 seconds
Light-off to idle engine RPM. ... .23 seconds
Idle to full engine RPM ....... 7 seconds

8. Successful air starts were made at altitudes from 5000

feet to 47,000 feet. The engine exhibited no tendencies to
exceed temperature limits and acceleration from light-off to
flight idle engine RPM was smooth. The air start procedures
contained in reference (c) were evaluated and the high alti-
tude/high engine RPM technique resulted in successful starts
on almost every attempt. Consistent starts were not ob-
tained above 25,000 feet when using an engine RPM range of
from 12 to 30^.
9. Enclosure (1) is a tabulation of air start attempts with
standard igniter plugs installed. Only three of nine at-
tempts resulted in successful starts and these were ob-
tained at relatively low altitudes. Enclosure (2) is a
tabulation of air start attempts with long reach igniter
plugs installed. When using the long reach igniter plugs,
34 of 50 attempts resulted in successful starts.

CONFIDENTIAL
7

PTR PP-5102.5
ST312-09 CONFIDENTIAL
Jam Acceleration Characteristics
10. Enclosure (3) lists the average times required to
accelerate the engine from idle to full RPM and from 80^
to full RPM at altitudes of 2000, 5000, 15,000, 30,000
and 45,000 feet. The engine accelerated smoothly at alti-
tudes below 30,000 feet. At altitudes above 30,000 feet
jam accelerations resulted in light to moderate compressor
stalls; acceleration through the 77-85^ engine RPM range
was slow although temperature limits were not exceeded.
Afterburner Performance
11. Afterburner .blow-outs occurred at altitudes from
51,000 to 55,000 feet.» Afterburner light-offs were ob-
tained at altitudes up to 49,000 feet. Probability of
light-off improved with increased air speed and the follow-
ing table indicates the minimum air speed required to
achieve consistent light-offs:
Altitude - Feet Air_SjDeed_-_l<IAS_
40,000 200
43,000 220
46,000 240

CONFIDENTIAL
PTR PP-5102.5 CONFIDENTIAL
ST312-09
CONCLUSIONS
12o It is concluded that:
a. Minor fuel control adjustments were required when
changing from 3:1 Jet Mix or JP-4 to JP-5, Engine per-
formance was approximately the same with each fuel (Para-
graph 5).
b. Inspection of the engine revealed no discrepancies
which could be attributed to the use of JP-5 fuel (Para-
graph 6).
c. Ground starting characteristics in cold weather
were unsatisfactory with standard igniter plugs installed
(Paragraph 7).
d. Ground starting characteristics were satisfactory
with long reach igniter plugs installed in ambient tempera-
tures as low as 180Ft the lowest encountered during the
tests (Paragraph 7).
e. The air start procedures contained in reference
(c) were satisfactory for use with JP-5 fuel (Paragraph 8).
f. The engine could be jam accelerated without flam-
ing out or exceeding temperature limits (Paragraph 10).
g. Afterburner blow-out normally occurred at approxi-
mately 53,000 feet and consistent afterburner light-offs
were obtained at 46,000 feet and 240 KIAS (Paragraph 11)o
RECQMMENDAT IONS
13. It is recommended that:
a. Long reach igniter plugs be utilized in the J57-
P-8A engine to improve cold weather starting characteris-
tics with JP-5 fuel.

CONFIDENTIAL
PTR PP-5102o5
ST312-09
b. JP-5 fuel be approved for use in the J57-P-8A
engine installed in the F4D-1 airplane.
T. B. CLARK

ÄY, JR./
By direc tion ->/
^C

CONFIDENTIAL

■
 PTR PP-5102o5
ST312-09 CONFIDENTIAL

F4D-1 AIR START DATA

(J57-P-8A ENGINE)
STANDARD IGNITER PLUGS (CHAMPION AA 14-S)
Altitude Airspeed RPM Max EGT Time to Light-Off Successful
(Feet) (KIAS) J^l (0C) (Seconds) (Yes or No)
25,000 210 28 No
25,000 210 27 No
20,000 200 26 No
20,000 200 25 No
19,000 200 25 300 28 Yes
15,000 190 25 No
15,000 190 24 No
10,000 190 23 300 25 Yes
7,000 170 20 300 25 Yes

CONFIDENTIAL ENCLOSURE (l)

PTR PP-5102.5
ST312-09 CONFIDENTIAL
F4D-1 AIR START DATA
(J57-P-8A ENGINE)
LONG REACH IGNITER PLUGS (CHAMPION AA 10-S and BG-C-11,000)
Altitude Airspeed RPM Max EGT Time to Light-Off Successful
(Feet) (KIAS) (%) (0C) (Seconds) (Yes or No)
47,000 220 70 450 4 Yes
45,000 230 72 450 4 y.s

43,000 250 66 350 4 Yes

43,000 250 64 - No
42,000 250 52 350 4 Yes
40,000 250 68 400 8 Yes
40,000 240 60 - No
40,000 220 40 350 5 Yes
40,000 200 35 - No
38,000 220 52 300 4 Yes
37,000 210 50 300 5 Yes
35,000 270 68 400 4 Yes
35,000 260 70 400 3 Yes
35,000 230 35 - No
35,000 220 33 - No
35,000 170 30 - No
33,000 200 40 300 4 Yes

PAGE 1 OF 3
CONFIDENTIAL ENCLOSURE (2)
ST312-Ö9102°5 CONFIDENTIAL
Altitude Airspeed RPM Max EGT Time to Light-Off Successful
(Feet) (KIAS) M (0C) Seconds) (^s or No)
33,000 200 30 - No

33,000 210 32 No

32,000 180 29 400 4 Yes

31,000 250 60 300 4 Yes
31.000 210 30 No

31,000 200 28 No

31,000 170 25 No

30,000 300 70 450 8 Yes

30,000 250 65 450 3 Yes
30,000 210 28 No

30,000 205 30 300 20 Yes

30,000 190 28 No

29,000 205 29 No

29.000 170 24 300 20 Yes

28,000 200 25 300 8 Yes

26,000 210 27 No

26,000 205 26 No

26,000 230 30 300 8 Yes

25,000 210 29 300 24 Yes
25,000 170 26 300 8 Yes

PAGE 2 OF 3
ENCLOSURE (2)
7

PTR PP-510205
ST312-09 CONFIDENTIAL
Altitude Airspeed RPM Max EGT Successful
(Feet) (KIAS) (OC) (Seconds) (Yes or No)
24,000 190 25 300 18 Yes
23,000 200 24 300 10 Yes
21,000 205 21 300 8 Yes
20,000 255 32 250 6 Yes
20,000 170 22 300 5 Yes
15,000 280 32 250 4 Yes
15,000 170 18 300 5 Yes
10,000 300 22 300 4 Yes
10.000 170 18 300 3 Yes
8,000 250 40 300 3 Yes
5,000 300 30 300 4 Yes
5,000 170 16 300 4 Yes

CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 3 OF 3
ENCLOSURE (2)
 PTR PP-5102.b
ST312-09 CONFIDENTIAL

F4D-1 JAM ACCELERATION DATA

(J57-P-8A ENGINE)

AVERAGE TIME
ALTITUDE AIR SPEED IDLE TO FULL RPM 80^ TO FULL RPM
(Feet) (KIAS) (Seconds (Sec onds)
45.000 220 40 32
30.000 220 27 18
15.000 220 10 6
5.000 220 7 4
2.000 135 8 4

'

CONFIDENTIAL ENCLOSURE (3)