British Standard

Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

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Puan Ms. Norhayati
07 August 2002

This is an uncontrolled copy. Ensure use of the most

current version of this document by searching British
Standards Online at bsonline.techindex.co.uk
 BRITISH STANDARD |
| BS 4483:1998
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Steel fabric for the |
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reinforcement of |
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concrete |
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Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

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ICS 77.140.99 |
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NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW
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 BS 4483:1998

Committees responsible for this

British Standard
The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee
ISE/9, to Subcommittee ISE/9/1, upon which the following bodies were represented:

ISE/9 Steel for concrete reinforcement

ISE/9 Bars, wire and fabric for concrete reinforcement
Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the
direction of the Engineering
Sector Board, was published
under the authority of the
Standards Board and comes into
effect on
15 July 1998

 BSI 1998
Amendments issued since publication
Amd. No. Date Text affected
First published 31 October 1985

The following BSI references

relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference ISE/9/1
Draft for comment 97/713507 DC

ISBN 0 580 29554 0

 BS 4483:1998

Contents

Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
Foreword ii
1 Scope 1
2 References 1
3 Definitions 1
4 Information to be obtained from the purchaser 1
5 Dimensions 1
6 Cross-sectional area and mass 1
Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

7 Process of manufacture 3
8 Quality 3
9 Fabric classification 3
10 Tolerances on mass, dimensions and pitch 3
11 Bond classification of fabric 3
12 Routine inspection and testing 3
13 Mechanical properties 3
14 Retests 3
15 Product identification 3
Annex A (normative) Inspection and testing 4
Annex B (informative) Notation and classification of fabric 6
Figure B.1 Ð Fabric notation 7
Figure B.2 Ð Purpose-made fabric example 8
Table 1 Ð Preferred range of designated fabric types and stock sheet size 2
Table A.1 Ð Acceptability index k as a function of the number of test results n
for a reliable failure rate of 5 % (pass = 0.95) at a probability of 90 %
(1 2 a = 0.90) 5

 BSI 1998 i
 BS 4483:1998

Foreword

This British Standard has been prepared by Subcommittee ISE/9/1.

A British Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract.
Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1
to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover.

ii  BSI 1998
 BS 4483:1998

1 Scope 3.6
This British Standard specifies requirements for nominal size
factory-made welded steel fabric manufactured from diameter of a circle with an area equal to the
plain or deformed wires conforming to BS 4449 or cross-sectional area of the wire
BS 4482 for reinforcement of concrete. 3.7
length
2 References (of sheet) longest side of a sheet of fabric,
The following normative documents contain irrespective of the manufacturing direction
provisions that, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this British Standard. For 3.8
Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

dated references, subsequent amandments to, or pitch

revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. (of fabric) centre to centre distance of wires in a
For undated references, the latest edition of the sheet of fabric
publication referred to applies.
3.9
BS 4449:1997, Specification for carbon steel bars for
width
the reinforcement of concrete.
(of sheet) shortest side of a sheet of fabric,
BS 4482:1985, Specification for cold reduced steel
irrespective of the manufacturing direction
wire for the reinforcement of concrete.
BS 4483:1985, Specification for steel fabric for the
reinforcement of concrete. 4 Information to be obtained from the
BS 4466:1989, Specification for scheduling, purchaser
dimensioning, bending and cutting of steel To assist in supplying the required fabric, the
reinforcement for concrete. following information shall be obtained from the
BS 8110-1:1997, Structural use of concrete Ð Code of purchaser at the time of enquiry and/or order:
practice for design and construction. a) the type of wire required and the number of the
ISO 10287:1992, Steel for the reinforcement of British Standard to which it conforms, i.e. BS 4449
concrete Ð Determination of strength of joints in or BS 4482;
welded fabric. b) the required wire size, grade and mesh
arrangement;
3 Definitions c) the dimensions of each sheet required;
For the purposes of this British Standard the d) the quantity of each sheet required.
following definitions apply.
3.1 5 Dimensions
batch 5.1 The dimensions of the individual wires shall
quantity of fabric of one type or steel grade conform to the appropriate British Standard,
presented for examination and test at one time i.e. BS 4449 and BS 4482, except for D49 wrapping
fabric of 2.5 mm diameter.
3.2
bundle 5.2 The combination of mesh, wire size, wire grade
and sheet dimensions for welded steel fabric shall be
two or more sheets of fabric bound together
specifiable in accordance with annex B, or, for the
3.3 preferred range of standard fabric types, shall be as
transverse wire specified in Table 1. The combination shall conform
reinforcing element perpendicular to the to the tolerances specified in clause 10.
manufacturing direction of the fabric
3.4 6 Cross-sectional area and mass
longitudinal wire 6.1 The cross-sectional area and mass of an
reinforcing element in the manufacturing direction of individual sheet shall be derived from the specified
the fabric dimensions of the sheet, the nominal wire sizes and
3.5 the specified pitches for the wires.
welded fabric 6.2 The cross-sectional area and mass per square
arrangement of longitudinal and transverse bars or metre of the preferred range of standard fabric types
wires of the same or different diameter and length, shall be as specified in Table 1.
arranged substantially at right angles to each other, 6.3 The actual cross-sectional area and mass of
and factory electrical resistance welded together by welded steel fabric shall conform to the tolerances
machine at the points of intersection specified in clause 10.

 BSI 1998 1
 BS 4483:1998

Table 1 Ð Preferred range of designated fabric types and stock sheet size
Fabric Logitudinal wires Transverse wires
reference
Nominal wire Pitch Area Nominal wire Pitch Area Mass
size size
mm mm mm2/m mm mm mm2/m kg/m2

Square
mesh:
A393 10 200 393 10 200 393 6.16
A252 8 200 252 8 200 252 3.95
Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

A193 7 200 193 7 200 193 3.02

A142 6 200 142 6 200 142 2.22
A98 5 200 98 5 200 98 1.54
Structural
mesh:
B1131 12 100 1131 8 200 252 10.9
B785 10 100 785 8 200 252 8.14
B503 8 100 503 8 200 252 5.93
B385 7 100 385 7 200 193 4.53
B283 6 100 283 7 200 193 3.73
B196 5 100 196 7 200 193 3.05
Long mesh:
C785 10 100 785 6 400 70.8 6.72
C636 9 100 636 6 400 70.8 5.55
C503 8 100 503 5 400 49 4.34
C385 7 100 385 5 400 49 3.41
C283 6 100 283 5 400 49 2.61
Wrapping
mesh:
D98 5 200 98 5 200 98 1.54
D49 2.5 100 49 2.5 100 49 0.77
Stock sheet Length 4.8 m Width 2.4 m Sheet area
size 11.52 m2
NOTE Values are subject to the tolerances specified in clause 10.

2  BSI 1998
 BS 4483:1998

7 Process of manufacture 11 Bond classification of fabric

Standard fabric (see annex B) shall be manufactured 11.1 For bond purposes, fabric reinforcement
from wire of the same steel type and grade in both conforming to this British Standard shall be welded
directions. steel fabric with shear resistant welded intersections
Purpose-made fabric (see annex B) shall be conforming to 13.2, and with the number of welded
manufactured from wire of the same steel type and intersections within its bond length conforming to
grade in each direction. BS 8110-1.
All fabric shall be factory made and machine welded. 11.2 Welded steel fabric that does not conform
The joints at the intersections of the longitudinal to 11.1 with respect to the number of welded
wires and transverse wires shall be electrical intersections within its bond length shall be
Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

resistance welded to provide shear resistant classified for bond purposes as plain or
connections conforming to 13.2. deformed type 1 or deformed type 2 reinforcement
(see BS 4482).
8 Quality
8.1 Only wire conforming to grades 460A or 460B of 12 Routine inspection and testing
BS 4449 or to BS 4482 shall be used, except for Routine inspection and testing shall be carried out as
wrapping fabric, with which wire of minimum yield described in annex A.
strength 250 N/mm2 shall be used (see Table 1).
8.2 Fabric including butt welded wires shall be 13 Mechanical properties
permitted.
13.1 Tensile and rebend tests
8.3 Fabric shall be free from any defect that can be When tested in accordance with annex A, the tensile
shown to adversely affect the mechanical properties and rebend properties of the steel (except wrapping
of the steel. Missing wires resulting from test fabric) shall conform to BS 4449 or BS 4482, as
sampling in accordance with annex A shall not be appropriate. Wrapping fabric shall have a minimum
considered a defect. yield strength of 250 N/mm2.
8.4 The number of broken welds shall not 13.2 Weld shear test
exceed 4 % of the total number of cross welded
joints in the sheet, nor exceed half the number of When tested in accordance with annex A, the
cross welded joints along any one wire. shearing load required to produce failure of a welded
intersection shall be not less than 0.25Afy, where A is
the nominal cross sectional area of the small wire at
9 Fabric classification the welded intersection and fy is the specified
For reference and ordering purposes, the notation characteristic yield stress of the wire.
specified in BS 4466 for concrete reinforcement
(see annex B) shall be used as a general basis for 14 Retests
describing and classifying sheets of fabric.
If any sample fails the tensile, rebend or weld tests,
two additional samples shall be taken from different
10 Tolerances on mass, dimensions and sheets of the same batch and subjected to the failed
pitch test(s). If both additional samples pass the retests,
the batch shall be deemed to conform to this British
10.1 Mass Standard. If either of the additional samples fails the
The tolerance on the specified mass of the fabric per retests, the batch shall not be deemed to conform to
square metre shall be ± 6 %. this British Standard.
10.2 Dimensions
The tolerance on the specified linear dimensions of 15 Product identification
the longitudinal and transverse wires in a sheet shall 15.1 The steel shall be identified in accordance with
be ± 25 mm or 0.5 %, whichever is the greater. BS 4449 or BS 4482 as appropriate.
10.3 Pitch 15.2 Each bundle of welded fabric shall bear a label
The deviation on the pitch of adjacent wires shall indicating the name of the manufacturer, the type of
not exceed 15 mm or 7.5 % of the nominal pitch, fabric, the number of this British Standard, and a
whichever is the greater. batch traceability reference. If the fabric is covered
by a third party product certification scheme, then
this shall also be indicated on the label.

 BSI 1998 3
 BS 4483:1998

Annex A (normative) A.1.7 Test record

The manufacturer shall maintain records of the test
Inspection and testing results for 10 years from the date of testing. The
A.1 Manufacturer's inspection records shall be available for inspection, on request, by
the purchaser or purchaser's representative.
A.1.1 General
Test units shall be selected and tested in accordance A.2 Material covered by a third party product
with this annex. certification scheme

A.1.2 Selection of test samples A.2.1 Consistency of product

Test units shall consist of sheets of a maximum mass The long term quality level of the product shall be
Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

of 50 t of the same type of fabric (or steels in the case regularly assessed. (Long term quality level
of purpose-made fabric composed of different steel assessments shall not be used as a basis for
grades in the two directions) manufactured on the conclusions regarding conformity to this British
same welding machine. Standard.)
Four test pieces (two for the longitudinal direction, A.2.2 Determination of the long term quality level
two for the transverse direction) shall be taken from
A.2.2.1 Extent of determination
each test unit. Each test piece shall contain one or
more cross welded joints. The following test results concerning all part quantities
NOTE The test pieces may be chosen from a single sheet or
of continuous production shall be collated and
different sheets, provided that different wires are tested. statistically evaluated for yield strength (whichever is
greatest in number). Either:
A.1.3 Condition of test specimens
Ð all results from the preceding 3 months'
Tensile tests shall be carried out on specimens in the production; or
aged condition.
Ð approximately 200 results.
Ageing shall be carried out as follows: heat the
specimen to 100 ÊC and maintain it at this temperature A.2.2.2 Evaluation
for a minimum of 1 h. Cool to room temperature in still Evaluation of results shall be performed for each
air. diameter group (5 mm and 5.5 mm; 6 mm
A.1.4 Tensile test to 7.5 mm; 8 mm to 10.5 mm; 11 mm and over) and for
each grade of steel.
Tensile strength, yield stress, total elongation at
maximum force Agt and/or elongation at fracture A5 Average values m [see A.3.4.1a)2)] shall conform to
shall be tested in accordance with the appropriate the following:
material standard, i.e. BS 4449 or BS 4482. m $ cv + ks
A.1.5 Rebend test where
Rebend testing shall be performed in accordance with cv is the characteristic strength (N/mm2);
the appropriate material standard, i.e. BS 4449 or k is the acceptability index (see Table A.1);
BS 4482. The minimum distance between sections
s is the standard deviation of the population.
subjected to bending curvature and a welded
intersection point shall be 4d, where d is the nominal
size of the test piece.
A.1.6 Weld strength test
Weld strength testing shall be performed in accordance
with ISO 10287.

4  BSI 1998
 BS 4483:1998

Table A.1 Ð Acceptability index k as a function A.3 Material not covered by a third party
of the number of test results n for a reliable product certification scheme
failure rate of 5 % (pass = 0.95) at a probability A.3.1 General
of 90 % (1 2 a = 0.90)
Material not covered by a third party product
Number of test results n Acceptability index k
certification scheme shall be assessed by acceptance
5 3.40 tests on each batch. Sampling shall be carried out by
6 3.09 an independent inspection authority at the producer's
works or in the stockholder's yard, with subsequent
7 2.89 testing by an independent accredited test laboratory.
8 2.75
A.3.2 Extent of sampling and testing
Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

9 2.65 Test units shall have a maximum mass of 50 t and shall

10 2.57 consist of the same type of fabric and the same grade
11 2.50 of steel. Certificates shall be issued giving the chemical
composition of the materials and stating that all
12 2.45 products in the test unit originate from the same
13 2.40 production batch.
14 2.36 Test specimens shall be taken from each test unit as
follows:
15 2.33
a) for testing in accordance with A.3.3, 20 test
16 2.30 specimens [or 80 specimens if appropriate;
17 2.27 see A.3.4.1b)], from different sheets of fabric;
18 2.25 b) for testing chemical composition, four test
19 2.23 specimens, from different sheets of fabric.
Test specimens shall be prepared in accordance
20 2.21
with A.1.
30 2.08
A.3.3 Tests
40 2.01
Specimens selected in accordance with A.3.2 shall be
50 1.97 subjected to the following tests.
60 1.93 a) Inspection of variables
70 1.90 i) Tensile strength (Rm).
80 1.89 ii) Yield strength (Re).
90 1.87 iii) Ratio Rm/Re.
100 1.86 iv) Elongation at fracture (A5).
150 1.82 v) Total elongation at maximum force (Agt)
(if applicable).
200 1.79
vi) Weld shear strength.
250 1.78 b) Inspection by attributes
300 1.77 i) Response to the rebend test.
400 1.75 ii) Deviation from the nominal cross sectional
500 1.74 area.
1000 1.71 iii) Surface geometry (if applicable).
` 1.64 c) Chemical composition in accordance with
product analysis
A.2.3 Certificate of conformity All elements listed in the appropriate material
standards, i.e. BS 4449 or BS 4482.
A certificate of conformity shall be issued if requested
by the purchaser, stating:
a) that the material has been tested in accordance
with this British Standard and at the specified
frequency;
b) the address where the test results are kept
available for inspection.
The certificate shall bear the approval number issued
by the certifying authority.

 BSI 1998 5
 BS 4483:1998

A.3.4 Evaluation of results A.3.5 Test report

A.3.4.1 Inspection by variables All fabric subjected to batch testing shall be
accompanied by a test report, specifically related to
Inspection by variables shall be performed as follows.
the batch, endorsed by the inspection authority
a) Determine the following indices for the properties (see A.3) and containing the following information:
listed in A.3.3a):
a) the name of the manufacturer;
1) individual values x for the 20 test specimens
b) the place of manufacture of the fabric;
(n = 20);
c) the type of fabric;
2) the mean value m20 (for n = 20);
d) the grade of reinforcing steel;
3) the standard deviation S20 (for n = 20).
e) the date of testing;
Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

The test unit shall be deemed to conform to this

British Standard if the following condition applies: f) the mass of the test unit;
m20 2 2.21S20 > cv g) batch numbers;
where h) results of tests in accordance with A.3.3;
2.21 is the acceptability index k; i) an official stamp of the inspection authority;
j) marking on the reinforcing steel (if appropriate).
cv is the characteristic strength specified in the
appropriate material standard, i.e. BS 4449 or
BS 4482. Annex B (informative)
Notation and classification of fabric
b) If the condition stated in A.3.4.1a) does not
apply, determine the alternative acceptability index k9 B.1 General
as follows: Figure B.1 gives an example of notation that should be
m 2 cv used for ordering sheets of fabric described and
k9 = 20 classified as specified in BS 4466 (see clause 9).
S20
If k9 > 2, testing shall be continued. Sixty further test Steel grades should be designated as specified in
specimens shall be selected from different sheets BS 4466.
and tested, making a total of 80 test results available For standard and detailed fabric (see BS 4466), a
(n = 80). simplified procedure may be adopted (see B.2 and B.3).
The test unit shall be deemed to conform to this B.2 Standard fabric
British Standard if the following condition applies:
Standard fabric has defined mesh arrangements and
m80 2 1.89S80 > cv wire sizes and should be specified by designated
where reference numbers. BS 4466 gives an example of a
1.89 is the acceptability index k for n = 80. standard fabric from the preferred range (see Table 1),
with an alphanumeric reference to define the size and
c) The ratio Rm/Re, elongation at fracture A5 and
pitch of the longitudinal wires and cross wires.
total elongation at maximum force Agt shall conform
to the appropriate material standard, i.e. BS 4449 or B.3 Purpose-made fabric
BS 4482. Weld strength shall conform to 13.2. When the standard form of schedule is used to define
A.3.4.2 Inspection by attributes more complicated arrangements, involving longitudinal
wires of different sizes or irregular spacings in one or
Either:
both directions, a fully dimensioned diagram should
a) if the results of tests on the properties listed supplement the schedule (see for example Figure B.2).
in A.3.3b) conform to the appropriate material
standard, i.e. BS 4449 or BS 4482, for all 20 test
specimens, the test unit shall be deemed to conform
to this British Standard; or
b) if a maximum of two of the 20 results do not
conform to a), 80 further test specimens shall be
tested from different sheets in the test unit. The test
unit shall be deemed to conform to this British
Standard if no more than two of the 80 test results
fail to conform to the appropriate material standard,
i.e. BS 4449 or BS 4482.

6  BSI 1998
 BS 4483:1998
Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

Key
L length of longitudinal wires (not necessarily the longest wires in the sheet)
B length of cross wires
O1 , O 2 overhangs of longitudinal wires
O3 , O4 overhangs of cross wires
PL pitch of longitudinal wires
PC pitch of cross wires
Figure B.1 Ð Fabric notation

 BSI 1998 7
 Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

8
BS 4483:1998

Figure B.2 Ð Purpose-made fabric example

 BSI 1998
Licensed Copy: Puan Ms. Norhayati, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, 07 August 2002, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

blank
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