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F324: Rings, Polymers & Analysis 4.3.1 - Chromatography MARK SCHEME

This document provides information about chromatography techniques and concepts. It discusses chromatography, defining it as the separation of mixtures through differential partitioning or adsorption. It also defines key terms like Rf value and retention time. Specific chromatography techniques are described, including paper chromatography, gas chromatography, and liquid chromatography. Key aspects like the roles of the gas and liquid phases are explained. Chromatography is used to separate and identify amino acids and peptides.

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212 views

F324: Rings, Polymers & Analysis 4.3.1 - Chromatography MARK SCHEME

This document provides information about chromatography techniques and concepts. It discusses chromatography, defining it as the separation of mixtures through differential partitioning or adsorption. It also defines key terms like Rf value and retention time. Specific chromatography techniques are described, including paper chromatography, gas chromatography, and liquid chromatography. Key aspects like the roles of the gas and liquid phases are explained. Chromatography is used to separate and identify amino acids and peptides.

Uploaded by

heyitsmemuah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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F324: Rings, Polymers & Analysis

4.3.1 – Chromatography MARK SCHEME

1. (i) adsorption
ALLOW partition OR adsorbtion
IGNORE solubility OR desorption
DO NOT ALLOW absorption
1

(ii) measure how far each spot travels relative to the solvent front or
calculate the Rf value
compare Rf values to those for known amino acids
ALLOW compare Rf values to database
ALLOW compare to known amino acids
DO NOT ALLOW retention times for first mark, but the 2nd
mark would be available as ECF
ALLOW alternative approach: on the same plate compare
position of spots with known amino acids
2

(iii) (amino acids won’t separate because) similar compounds have


similar Rf (values)
ALLOW spots often overlap OR don’t (fully) separate
ALLOW they have similar Rf (values) or similar adsoptions or
similar retention times ECF to (ii)
1
[4]

2. (i) one amide link shown correctly (1)


glycine and phenylalanine parts shown correctly (1)
proline linked correctly (1) 3

(ii) 6 (1) 1

(iii) gas/liquid chromatograph separates the tripeptides (1)


mass spectrometer produces a distinctive fragmentation pattern (1)
identification by computer using a spectral database (1) 3
[7]

3. (a) Rf value is distance moved by a component/spot/solute divided


by distance moved by solvent. (1)
Retention time is the time between injection and emergence
(or detection) of a component. (1) 2

Plymstock School 1
(b) (i) Partition / adsorption (1) 1
(ii) Role of gas: carrier gas / mobile phase / to carry to sample
through the chromatography column (1)
Role of liquid: stationary phase (1) 2
(iii) Trace with two peaks drawn (1) 1
(iv) Measure area under each peak (1)
Find total area (1)
% = (area of one peak/total area) × 100% (1) 3
[9]

4. (i) Accept paper, column or thin-layer chromatography 1


(ii) The Rf value 1
(iii)
Solvent front

x
Rf = y
y
x

Start point
1
[3]

5. (a) (i) Retention time 1


(ii)

Reaction time Start


(or mirror image) 1
(b) Partition 1
[3]

Plymstock School 2

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