Ryyihm

LuisSolera LuisSolera9
EXPRESSIONS
Stand in for SB – SUSTITUIR
It’s a small world – EL MUNDO ES UN
PAÑUELO
This is bound/likely to change – PARECE QUE...
To knock off – finish the work day. What time do you knock
off?
Piece of cake/piss – EASY
To get stuck – ATASCARSE/
DIFICULTOSO
To Choke on STH ATRAGANTARSE
To have an eye on STH – To focus on
I was raised – brought up – I grew up
To put it mildly – grates not success – failure – FIASCO
I can’t make head or tail of STH NO SE POR
DONDE COGERLO
Shall I start? ¿EMPIEZO YO?
In the last FEW (days, years...)
No-go area ZONA NO
RECOMENDABLE
Go wild / Get out hand LA COSA SE VA DE
MADRE
Nearest and dearest GENTE DE MI
ALREDEDOR
Out of boredom, to make STH out of boredom POR
ABURRIMIENTO
Out of necessity POR NECESIDAD
A woman had her car stolen
I have my car stolen
A man had her hair cut
He was rushed to the hospital LLEVARLO CORRIENDO
They work out that... DEDUJERON
You are the spitting image of my late son VIVA IMAGEN
DIFUNTO HIJO
Spitting ESCUPITAJO
I was buying bits of pieces UNAS COSAS
To wind down RELAJARSE

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Hold on the line MANTENTE A LA
ESPERA
She had been burglared ROBADO EN CASA
She had been broken in to her house ROBADO EN CASA
Step in PASAR (DENTRO DE ALGUN
SITIO)
Weekend get away ESCAPADA
The good deed of the day EL BUEN ACTO DEL
DÍA
The deed is done EL ACTO ESTA HECHO
Are you ON today? TRABAJAS?
I’m OFF ME VOY
I have to drop my kids TENGO QUE DEJAR A
MIS HIJS
I have to pick them TENGO QUE
RECOGERLOS
Hand over ENTREGAR EL RELEVO
Take over RECIBIR EL RELEVO
To take a detour TOMAR UNA
ALTERNATIVA
To take a shortcut TOMAR UN ATAJO
To buy in bulk COMPRAR AL PORMAYOR
Twenty minutes, half-hour tops COMO MÁXIMO
It’s not gonna happen NO OCURRIRÁ
It’s not going to happen NO OCURRIRÁ
Take the smooth with the rough ESTAR A LAS
DURAS Y A [ruaf] LAS
MADURAS
To be in the wrong ESTSR EN EL ERROR
To make up your mind DECIDIRSE A HACER
ALGO
Stick to it = Keep going SIGUE ASI
To take STH in your stride = Not to be upset or troubled by
STH

TO COMO PREPOSICIÓN
Due to + Noun / ing = owing to + Noun / ing
Due to the traffic jam, I was late
Due to I get up late...  Due to the fact
I get up late
Small bussines are condemned to
disappearance
To disappear
I am looking forward to going home
to go home

I work shifts TRABAJO A TURNOS

Over to you TE TOCA
Hit it off CONGENIAR
I met Mat when I moved into my new flat, and we just
hit it off

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A winning streak RACHA GANADORA
The life and soul of the party EL ALMA DE LA
FIESTA

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What is he like? COMO ES?
PERSONALMENTE
I get the impression....
He come across as ME DA LA SENSACIÓN
She strikes me as....
What do you make of....?
What do you think of...?
Live to tell the tale - VIVIR PARA
CONTARLO
keep things fresh - ESTAR AL DIA
We pride ourselves on... - NOS ENORGULLECE
Drawing lessons from - TENER MUCHA INFO
Be sufficient to determine whether - SER SUFICIENTE PARA
SABER SI...
Researchers working in the field of INVESTIGADORES DE
May well prove to be BIEN PUEDE SER
Lived to tell the tale VIVIR PARA CONTARLO
Lo and behold MIRA POR DONDE...!
Get to know SB Between met and know SB. The process to know
SB
Off the top of my head ASI, SIN
PENSARLO
Something is time-consuming LLEVA TIEMPO

When you meet somebody is difficult to really know:

their personality. His/Her
Them. She/he

There are more factors at play EN JUEGO

Live to tell the tale VIVIR PARA
CONTARLO
At first glance / at first sight PRIMERA
MPRESIÓN
Time is money TIEMPO ES ORO
A tom boy MASCULINIZADO
The straight and narrow EL CAMINO CORRECTO
Narrow-down RESTRINGIR

Used to = would (in habits in the past)

Used to = 1) Action verbs + 2) state verbs (I used to

have a long hair)
Would = 1) Action verbs

Generally = By and large EN GENERAL

Go through bad moment ATRAVESAR un mal
momento
Pull down TIRAR ABAJO
Sweeping changes CAMBIOS DRÁSTICOS

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 I have more money  Present
I WISH. I had had more money  Past (regrets)
I had visited my granny
before she died
He wouldn’t interfere

Con el IF clause  Nunca modal verb (Will, would....)

If it will rain tomorrow X
If it rains tomorrow 

You couldn’t organize a piss-up in a brewery NO VALES PARA

NADA
Good for nothing .... (Personas)
Useless ( Objetos)
Set in my ways NO CAMBIAR LA FORMA DE HARCELO
Back-to-back victories CONSECUTIVAS
Put people on their ease TRANQUILIZAR
On first-name terms NEGOCIACIONES
to prove your worth PARA MOSTRAR TU VALIA
For what it’s worth CUANDO NO ESTAS SEGURO SI LO Q UE
DICES VALE LA PENA
Easier said than done BUENA IDEA PERO DIFICIL DE
HACER
To have your finger on the pulse CONOCER NUEVAS TENDENCIAS
To be star-struck SENTIR RESPETO POR GENTE
FAMOSA
To be tongue-tied TENER DIFICULTAD PARA HABLAR POR
NERVIOSISMO

What I like the most about... LO QUE MAS ME GUSTA DE ...

There isn’t any market nearby...
Near my place..

EARN  Comes from your wages/salary

That incident earned him the nickname of..
WIN MONEY  Lottery / betting
MAKE MONEY  Neutral
He went to the horse races and MAKE a fortune

Cling on to something AFERRARSE A ALGO

English through and through INGLÉS DE PURA CEPA

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Tough / THough / THoughT / Trough / THRough

Tough / hard / tricky / awkward DIFICIL

Though / Although / Even if AUNQUE / SIN EMBARGO

Thought / thinking / reflection PENSAMIENTO

Thought / concept / Belief IDEA
Thought / advised / considerate RELFEXIONADO

Trough / Channel / duct CANAL

Through / Across / Over A TRAVÉS DE

Through / by means of MEDIANTE
Through / as far as / to / until HASTA
Through / due to / owing to DEBIDO A

Different from most others courses you will ever take

DIFERENTE DE LA MAYORÍA DE CURSOS QUE RECIBIRÁS
Take your suitcase with you on a road trip
LLEVA TUS MALETAS CONTIGO EN UN VIAJE
You can enjoy, EITHER by using games OR going out.
As a rule of thumb COMO REGLA DE ORO
Thumb PULGAR
Thumb a lift / hitch-hike AUTOSTOP

THING

One thing led to the other UNA COSA LLEVA A LA

OTRA
First thing in the morning
It’s no big thing
It’s not the done thing NO ES LO “NORMAL”
It’s the furthest thing from my mind
What with one thing and another
It’s the kind/sort of thing that makes you... infinitive
without to / adjective
Chance would be a fine thing

Pass an exam with flying colors SACAR BUENA NOTA

A chip from the old block DE TAL PALO TAL
ASTILLA
The apple never falls from the tree DE TAL PALO
TAL ASTILLA
Pass the buck/quid HOT POTATO, PASAR LA
PELOTA
Where does the buck stop? Who is the
responsible?
The ball is on your court now “TE TOCA A TI AHORA”
Do you have been around? “¿HAS VIAJADO?”

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1
 VOCABULARY
Daunting – DESALENTADOR
Attend – ASISTIR
Struggle – DIFICULTOSO
Put off – QUITAR LAS GANAS
Poll/Survey – ENCUESTA
Absorb/Take in – INGERIR
At work (In my job) – EN MI TRABAJO
Spot on – EN EL BLANCO
Instalments – A PLAZOS.
Pay in instalments.
Drawback/disadvantages
Sprawling/expansion – The opposite of
compact
Well-run/organized/efficient
Run-down/Poor conditions
Affluent/rich/Well off - PUDIENTE
ECONÓMICAMENTE
Dull/bored
Spotless – SIN MANCHAS
Fined - MULTADO
Spring - MUELLE
Springing up / Pop-up
Threaten (v) / Threat (n) - AMENAZA
To feel threatened
Threatening-look
Condemned - CONDENADO
Choke on STH - ATRAGANTARSE
Chapel - ERMITA
Hermit - ERMITAÑO
Fishbone - ESPINA
Conspicuous / easy to see - SOBRESALIENTE
Commoners - LA PLEBE
Lord class - LA NOBLEZA
Borough market / District, precinct, neighborhood
Wheel-barrow - CARRETILLA
Sewerage system / sewer - DESAGÜE
Scrap-papper - BORRADOR
Grate cheese - RAYAR QUESO
Sparking / spark / To press the trigger - CHISPA
To feel compelled to do STH - SENTIRSE OBLIGADO A
HACER...
He was thrilled - MUY EMOCIONADO
Rush-hour - HORA PUNTA
Jaws - MANDIBULAS
Claws - GARRAS
Tusks - COLMILLOS
To mob - ACOSAR
Struggled - LUCHADO

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Hefty - FUERTE
Phoney - FALSO
Levied - IMPUESTO
Cramped town - CIUDAD PEQUEÑA
To rein - PARA FRENAR
swathes of - GRANDES CANTIDADES DE
To swamp - INUNDAR
Mould - MOLDE
Thus - EN CONSECUENCIA
Scarce - ESCASO
Weigh up - PONDERAR
With Hold - RETENIDO
On Hold – Stand By - A LA ESPERA
Spokesperson - PORTAVOZ
Loaf - REBANADA DE PAN
Burglar - LADRON DE CASAS
To Spray - FUMIGAR
Golf Course - CAMPO DE GOLF
Hitchhiker - AUTOESTOPISTA
Purchase - COMPRA
Even - INCLUSO
Even though - AUNQUE
Deed - ESCRITURA DE LA CASA
Cash registrer / Till - CAJERO DE TIENDA
Park
Car park
Parking space / spot / slot - APARCAMIENTO
Lingo / Jargon - JERGA
Get ahead - PROSPERAR
Suck up to - HACER LA PELOTA
Hold up = traffic jam
To scatter - DISPERSAR
Bonding -UNIR
Snob APARENTE/FALSO (SOCIALMENTE)
Stubborn NEG CABEZON
Determined POS CABEZON
Willing COMPLACIENTE
Willful = Selfish CAPRICHOSO
Slacker A person who evades his/her
dutty
Laid-back RELAXED – Despreocupado
Sheer luck PURA SUERTE
Sheer ESCARPADO
Charm AMULETO
Charming ENCANTADOR EN IRÓNICO
Adressing DIRECCIONAMIENTO
Cramped town CIUDAD QUE NO TE PUEDES MOVER
Cramped = Narrow = Not wide ESTRECHO
Scarce ESCASO
Revenue INGRESOS
Incomes revenue DECLARACIÓN DE LA RENTA

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To crack down ACABAR CON
To rein PARA FRENAR
Rein RIENDAS
Swatches MUESTRAS
Swamp PANTANO
Self-defeating CONTRAPRODUCENTE
Curbing ( To curb) DECREASE
To creep TREPAR DE TREPA
To muse REFLESIONAR
Wisdom SABIDURIA
Articulate CULTO CON EL VOCABULARI
Deceptive ENGAÑOSO
Trump TRIUNFO EN LAS CARTAS
A good match BUEN LIGUE
A good catch BUEN PARTIDO DE MUJER
Part ways When you graduate you part-ways / CADA UNO POR SU
LADO
Feasible Very likely to happen
Infallible INFALIBLE
Mating APAREAMIENTO
Damnation PERDICIÓN, CONDENA
Move into ENTRA
Sound out SONDEAR
Be subjected to SOMETER
Sort out ORDENAR / PLANEAR
End up ACABAR EN... (SIN TENER PLAN)
A thorough IN DETAIL, in contrast
of superficial
Bring in INTRODUCIR
Nonetheless = Nevertheless SIN EMBARGO
Furthermore ADEMAS
Junkyard / Scrapyard DESGUACE
Halt PARAR
Landmark PUNTO DE REFERENCIA
Chatterbox CHARLATAN
Whiz kid NIÑO PRODIGIO
Old Hand ANTIGUO
Dark horse ALGUIEN RESERVADO
Busybody FISGÓN
Herd REBAÑO
Yes-man SIEMPRE DICE SI
Yeah-sayer SIEMPRE DICE SI

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Sorcerer – Wizard – Warlock MAGO
Witch BRUJA
Brew [Bru] HERVIR
Storm brew FORMARSE TORMENTA
Drought SEQUIA
Blizzard TORMENTA DE NIEVA
At ease DESCANSO
Aardvark OSO HORMIGUERO
To deceive ENGAÑAR
Disease ENFERMEDAD
Vaccinate VACUNAR
Measles SARAMPION
Unfounded Not based on facts or proof
Hoax FARSA, TRUCO, ENGAÑO
Inaccuracies INEXACTITUDES
To tamper with something MANIPULAR A ALGUIEN
Break into FORZAR
Drizzle LLOVIZNA
Hometown My Village PUEBLO
Industrial state / industrial park POLIGONO INDUSTRIAL
Closedown / close definitely CERRADO PARA SIEMPRE
Car boot sales / street market / Garage sales
In bulk AL PORMAYOR
Bonfire night NOCHE DE HOGUERA
HNS National Health System
Breadcrumbs PAN RAYADO
Dirt-truck / Not paved road CAMINO
Fatty / Greasy GRASOSO
Cod BACALAO
Fish & chips / Coated cod with breadcrumbs
Jew JUDIO
Jewel JOYA
Jeweler JOYERO
Delayed gratification Marsh mellow test
Irksome / bothers me annoying MOLESTO
Bloke TIPO / INDIVIDUO
Fellow COMPAÑERO / TIO / SOCIO
Discouragement DESALIENTO
Is a given ES UN DATO
Assignments TAREAS
Otherwise DE OTRA MANERA
Idle moments OCIOSO / LIBRE / PARADO
Squeeze EXPRIMIR / APRETAR
Either / or O / YA SEA
Meaningful SIGNIFICATIVO / UTIL
Stack / pile up / heap APILAR / AMONTONAR

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To attempt INTENTAR / ESFUERZO
Strive to ESFORZARSE POR
Overcome / pass / get over SUPERAR / VENCER
Befriend OFRECER AMISTAD
Nonetheless / however / nevertheless SIN EMBARGO
Deer CIERVO
Deter DESALENTAR
Nor NI
Hikers CAMINANTES
Fall colors COLORES DE OTOÑO
Altogether EN CONJUNTO / EN TOTAL
Wisely SABIAMENTE
Such us / for example
Hence / Thus / Therefore / Accordingly POR LO TANTO
Dim light OSCURO / TURBIO
Take off QUITAR “ROPA”
Put it on PONER “ROPA”
Cutlery CUBERTERIA
Buck DOLAR
Quid LIBRA

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 PHONETIC
Nature – Culture – Architecture
[cha]
Borough
[boro]
Sewerage
[surich]
Mature
[machua]

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 EXERCISES
Page 08 – 5
1. It’s really wild. It IS INSANE, actually
2. We went out with these people and WE COME BACK at
about four in the morning.
3. Actually, that was AWFUL, the congestion
4. Honestly, you walk out of your hotel and HIT this
thick wall of heat.
5. It does HAVE ITS DRAWBACKS but, as I say, It just
has a real buzz

6. It is, if you like THAT SORT OF PLACE

7. It’s more lively. There’s MORE OF A MUSIC SCENE you
know
8. So you wouldn’t MOVE BACK to live there?
9. Don’t ______ it is a good place to live if you’re
bringing up kids.
10. So if I WERE TO SETTLE DOWN, I might move back.
It’s just not what I want right now.

Page 13 – 3
1. RAISE the issue at meeting / RAISE fears / RAISE
doubts about
2. Be COMPELLED to appear as a witness / feel
COMPELLED to resign / feel COMPELLED to respond
3. DRUG and rob tourist / DRUG someone’s drink / DRUG
his victims
4. EMERGE as a global power / EMERGE from recession /
the ideas EMERGE from...
5. CALM the markets / CALM my nerves / CALM the angry
crowd
6. SPARKING a wave of protests / SPARKING criticism /
SPARKING fears
7. UNITES the whole community / what UNITES them is...
/ UNITES the (political) party
8. The country is GRIPPED by recession / the trial has
GRIPPED the nation / GRIPPED by fear

EDMONDO 10/10/2018 OPENCLOZE

41 – C 42 – A 43 – D 44- 45-
46

3
Page 9 – 7 16/10/2018
1. Intensifying adverbs: remarkably, preposterously,
greatly, hugely, absolutely, terribly, deeply,
2. Extreme adjectives: filthy, vast, brilliant,
dreadful, awful, incredible, tiny, enormous,
fascinating, etc.
Extreme verbs: devastate, bombard, smash, crush,
soar, rocket, plummet

3. It was like being at a rock concert. - being at the

theatre for a modern play, where the audience
stands up and applauds a lot - being at a
conference where a famous speaker gives a
plenary - being at a wildly popular classical music
concert
It was like living in a war zone. - living with very
noisy argumentative housemates - living in an area
where there’s lots of crime and maybe gang activity

It’s like Buckingham Palace. - a lovely big house that

someone has bought - a new office that’s very big and
well decorated

It was like the Arctic in there. - a cold store room

in a big store - a room that has the air conditioning
turned up very high

It’s like talking to a brick wall. - trying to talk to

someone who just won’t listen to you - trying to
explain to a bad worker what they’ve done wrong and
getting nowhere with the conversation

Page 9 – 8 16/10/2018

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Page 166 – 1 24/10/2018
1. If I HAVEN’T CALL by six, it means I’m not coming
As a rule, I WONT CALL anyone after nine at night

2. It WAS DONE UP a few years ago, but the place is

already falling apart.
It used to be very run-down, but it HAS BEEN DONE
UP

3. It was the second time the city HAS BEEN STRUCKED

by an earthquake
Our house WAS TRUCKED by lightning last year

4. I doubt anything HAD BEEN CHANGED by this time next

year.
I think things WILL CHANGE if the Freedom Party
wins power in the election

5. They should CONSULT the people who live here to

find out what they want
They should HAD BEEN CONSULTED more widely, but
they just weren’t interested in what others wanted
and that’s why the regeneration failed.

6. I wish he WERE here now

It sounds like you had a great time. I wish I HAD
BEEN there.

7. HAD BEEN SPENT millions on the project, the city

centre still looks awful
SPENDING any amount of time there, you quickly
start to feel stressed

8. Following the disaster, the city UNDERWENT a huge

transformation
When the disaster struck, the city HAD BEEN
UNDERGONE a number of changes already

Page 166 – 2 24/10/2018

1. I don’t think my flight will get in in time to
catch the last train home.
The last train HAS BEEN LEFT the time my flight
gets in

2. The first time I saw anything like that was when I

went to Mumbai
I HAD NEVER SEEN ANYTHINKG like that before I went
to Mumbai

3
 3. I’m not sure I can give you any advice as it’s so
long since I’ve been there.
Not BEEN THERE RECENTLY, I don’t think I can give
you any advice
4. When the current government came to power, they
largely continued the previous government’s
policies
The current government’s policies HAVEN’T BEEN
INICIATED by the previous one

5. People were moved out of the area before the storm

hit so there were very few casualties
There would have been a lot more casualties if
PEOPLE HAD EVACUATED before the storm

6. As far as I can tell, things are much better than

they were when I was there last.
Things appear HAD BEEN IMPROVED since my last visit

Page 13 – 9 31/10/2018
1. I’ve been studying Russian for about six years now
on and OFF
a. A INTERVALOS
2. There’s a huge number of places to eat in the city,
but the quality is a bit hit and MISS
a. GOLPEAR Y PERDER
3. I still like to party every now and THEN, but I’ve
calmed down a lot
a. DE VEZ EN CUANDO
4. It’s quite hard to find peace and QUIET in the
city.
a. PAZ Y ORDEN
5. I thought long and HARD about it before deciding
a. LARGO Y TENDIDO
6. It’s a fairly affluent area, but there are still
little pockets of poverty here and THERE
a. AQUI Y ALLA
7. I can’t take it anymore. I’m sick and TIRED of the
constant noise
a. ENFERMO Y CANSADO
8. After the hurricane struck, there was a complete
breakdown of law and ORDER in the city
a. LA LEY Y EL ORDEN
9. The city’s being ruined by the ever-growing number
of stupid rules and REGULATIONS
a. REGLAS Y NORMAS
10. Cities should be first and FOREMOST places of
kids
a. LO PRIMERO Y ANTETODO

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3
Page 13 – 10 31/10/2018
1. TO GET A BIT OF PEACE AND QUITE
a. Gardens
b. Shores
c. Museums
2. TO THINK LONG AND HARD
a. To get married
b. To be mortgaging
c. To buy a new car
3. MAY GET SICK AND TIRED OF
a. Traffic jams
b. Pollution
c. Crowd in the streets
4. LAW AND ORDER MIGHT BREAK DOWN
a. Putsch
b. Big economic crisis
5. STUPID RULES AND REGULARIONS
a. Crossing streets by crosswalks
b. Let riding bikes along the pavement

EDMONDO 30/10/2018 OPENCLOZE.

Barcelona hits AirBnB with hefty fines. 31/10/2018

0. ...seems to have THE LAST DAYS to an end.

1. ...to rent properties WHICH do not have a tourist
license...
2. The number of visitors to the city has REACHED than
doubled...
3. The average hotel occupancy ARRIVES AT in Barcelona
is...
4. ________ bussinespeople buy swatches of property....
5. ... little more than a theme _____, in the mould of
Venice.
6. The more popular somewhere is, the ____ appealing it
gets.
7. St Louis restaurant had BECAME too popular..

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Page 16 – 3 and 4
1. Once he’s made up his mind, he won’t back down even if
he’s wrong
a. STUBBORN
2. She’s constantly going behind my back and saying
things to determine me
a. BITCHY
3. He never seems that bothered by criticism or bitchy
comments. He just takes no notice of it all
a. LAID-BACK
4. She stands up for what she believes in and she sticks
to her principles. She’s not easily bullied
a. PRINCIPLED
5. He’s one of those people who never panics. He just
takes everything in his stride
a. LAID-BACK / EASY-GOING
6. She’s not exactly shy and retiring. She loves to be
the center of attention
a. ARROGANT / OUT GOING / EXTROVERT
7. He’s not the easiest person to talk to. I wish he’d
lighten up a little
a. INTENSE
8. You’ll need to remind her about it. She is prone to
forgetting things like that
a. FORGETFUL / ABSENT-MINDED
9. He’s a bit prone to exaggerating so I wouldn’t take
what he said too seriously
a. LIAR
10. She’s the kind of person who’s constantly sucking
up to the boss in order to get ahead
a. A CREAP / AMBITIOUS

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Page 17 – 11
1. In your family
a. Fernando. My cousin
i. My little cousin is a 10 years old boy.
Is the life and the soul of the party,
always is laughing and making jokes.
Is very a sensible person with only 10
years old. We just hit off.
2. That can be described with one or more words from
Exercise 1
a. Belen Esteban
i. That TV actress is a stubborn person,
always is speaking about the same theme,
her daughter. Is quite arrogant. I get
the impression that person is a little
boring and cynic.
3. You get on really well with
a. My girlfriend
i. I really get on well with my girlfriend.
We are the same person. Usually we agree
each other. She is willing and determined
in her goals
4. Quite unusual, eccentric or annoying
a. My boss
i. He strikes me as arrogant person who’s
constantly sucking up to his boss in
order to get ahead
He comes across as snob person that
always want to be right, even when he is
wrong.
5. You admire
a. My mother’s friend
i. Maria is a strong woman, very determined
and laid-back. I get the impression that
she never goes down although the future
looks black.

Page 18 – 2
Social – science  has been a wealth of studies
exploring love and marriage and the experiences of those
who’ve been through it all already.
Neuroscience  Believe they can now detect the signs of
true romance in those remarking on new relationship by
observing which part of their brain light up
Computer science  Using sophisticated mathematical
formulas to truy to ensure subscribes are matched to those
they are supposedly most compatible with

Possibly helping to improve relationships

3
3
Page 18 – 3
1- Doing your own thing
2- Changing partners
3- Patience and perseverance
4- Artists, poets and playwrights
5- Kids
6- Thousands of online profiles
7- Collaborative filtering
8- Arranged marriage

Page 21 – 7
1 They’re going through a bit of rough patch and have
talked about splitting up
Life partners

2 I keep an eye on her as she’s quite frail and has no

relatives nearby
Doctor – patient

3 As a teenager, she really sparked my interest in science

Teacher – pupil

4 I’ve collaborated with him on a number of projects and

he’s taught me a lot
Business partners

5 They’re not on speaking terms ant the moment, which can

make it awkward at meetings
Colleagues

6 We’re on first-name terms as I have to go and see him so

often
Life partners

7 They maintain a professional relationship, but they don’t

see eye to eye on many issues
Neighbours

8 They get on each other’s nerves all the time and they’re
constantly competing for my attention
Grandparent – grandchild

9 She puts people at their ease and reassures them about

the whole process
Coach – Athlete

10 He pushes his kids incredibly hard

Parent – child

11 I don’t really know any of them as we tend to keep

ourselves to ourselves

3
Siblings

12 He doesn’t tend to pull his weight, which causes some

friction in the office
Colleagues

Page º67 - 1
1 I’m completely with you on that. AGREE
I would not AGREE more with you about that
2 If you ask me, it wasn’t his fault. SAY
I ____________________ to blame
3 We made several offers, but they rejected all of them.
NOT
They would NOT accept our offers
4 I think the best thing to do is walk away. INVOLVED
I would not get INVOLVED if I were you
5 He’s always saying nasty things behind people backs.
BITCH
I wish he would not BITCH behind their backs
6 Theuy shouldn’t let him stay if he’s going to behave like
that. KICK
If he behaved like that in my house, I would KICK him
7 I’m unlikely to replace it. IMAGINE
I would not IMAGINE a new one
8 It shouldn’t take more than a week to arrive. EXPECT
I wouldn’t EXPECT it to get here before next Friday.

Page 28 – 2
Climb Ladder Cover Cut
string
Fill Bucket Flush Tap Heat
Oven
Lay Load Dishwasher Run
Spread glue Stick in Thread
Needle
Unblock Toilet Wring out sink

Page 28 – 3
Rope: SOGA String: CUERDA
(instrumentos)
Wire: ALAMBRE Cable: CABLE
Cloth: TRAPO Sponge: ESPONJA
Bucket: CUBO Bowl: BOL
Drill: TALADRO Hammer: MARTILLO
Mop: MOPA/MOCHO Brush: CEPILLO
Nail: CLAVO Screw: TORNILLO
Ladder: ESCALERA de MANO Stairs: ESCALERAS

3
Knee Pad: RODILLERA Bandage: VENDAJE
Soap: JABÓN Washing-up liquid: DETERGENTE
PARA PLATOS

3
DISSCURSIVE ESSAY: A BALANCED ARGUMENT
Paragraph 1: INTRO
Introductory sentence
Second sentence
Question
Paragraph 2: EXPRESS THE MAIN POINTS IN FAVOUR
Paragraph 3: EXPRESS THE MAIN POINTS IN CONTRAST
Paragraph 4: GIVE YOUR OPINION

The growth of online shopping has greatly improved life for

the consumer – but at what price?

Online shopping offers you a simply way to buy from your

home. The big companies have changed his selling method in
the way that internet has nowadays the power of sales. Are
the new rules of the market a good way to be efficient?

Internet are in most first world homes, and big companies

know it. Youth people are growing up in modern society which
use internet in everything that you use and that thing makes
laziest people ever. It is not necessary to go out from your
house to buy soap or milk or whatever. People buy stuffs out
of boredom. You only must open your browser and type in
whatever site over the internet what thing you want. It is
quite easy, fast and comfortable.

But in contrast, the economy has been condemned to focus on

the internet. Companies no longer engage employees to be
posted in physical shops. To have several shops in the same
city has no sense. Warehouse workers have been stood in for
robots. As a consequence, much workers have been fired.

From my point of view, to buy on the internet has several

pros, but we must not forget the collateral effects that
this sells produced in shop assistants. Big companies have
to firm up the physical selling making offers or sales as a
way of example.

4
 DISSCURSIVE ESSAY: A BALANCED ARGUMENT
The growth of online shopping has greatly improved
life for the consumer – but at what price?
Online shopping offers you a simple way to buy from your
home. The big companies have changed their sales strategy in
the way that internet is fashionable. Are the new rules of
the market a good way to be efficient?

Internet is in most first-world homes, and big companies

know it. Young people are growing up in a modern society
which they use internet in almost everything. That makes the
laziest people ever. It is not necessary to leave your house
for buying soap, milk or somethings like that holding on the
line in front of tills. People buy stuff out of boredom. You
only have to open your browser and type in Google whatever
thing you want. It is quite easy, fast and comfortable.
Tomorrow your purchase will be at home.

But in contrast, the economy has been condemned to spot on

the internet. Companies no longer hire employees to be posted
to stores. Having several shops in the same city has no
sense. Warehouse workers have been replaced for robots. As
a consequence, many workers have been fired.

From my point of view, buying on the internet has several

pros, but we must not forget the collateral effects this new
buying mode produced in shop assistants. Big companies have
to fortify the physical selling, making offers or sales.

4
AN ARTICLE: Men and women equality
Title
Paragraph 1: INTRO
Using humor, a rhetorical question or a worrying fact.
Paragraph 2 and 3: Use passive structures, noun phrases and
adverbs
Paragraph 4: End with an opinion or comment and persuade
the reader of your view.

Men, women and real differences in the 21th

century.
Are we conscious that we are in the 21th century?

Nowadays we are tired to listen in daily newscast, pieces of

news about gender violence, differences in the revenues
between men and women and widely number of articles about
the differences between men and women.

We are living in the century of the misinformation: Tv

channels can influence us, they are strong and have a
powerful source of thoughts to be launched to the audience.
Are you sure a female supermarket employee earns less money
than a male supermarket employee only for the fact to be man
or woman? I do not think so.

The big number of surveys in TV channels says that men

revenues are bigger than women’s, but this is a fake
information. If we see the general sight of the labor world,
that information could be true, but we must not do it. In
2017 in Spain there were 53% of male workers compared to 47%
of female workers. So, it could be the reason for assert
that men revenues are bigger than women revenues. But we
must weigh up the same kind of job and the same number of
people. If a man and a woman, posted in the same job, have
different salary, it would be condemned even fined.

For all the above women and men are equals. Equals for labor
world, equals for the law and equals for doing whatever
activity. The opportunities have to be the same, and if not
the law exist to rein the differences between genres.

Luis Solera Castellote

4
MONOLOGUE
Cities
How child-friendly is your city?
What cities in your country have new iconic buildings.
Why do you think some redevelopment projects fail?
Do you think hosting sports events is good for a city?
Imposing restrictions in car use.

Shall I start?
Valencia is the third one biggest city in Spain.
My nearest and dearest believe Valencia is a good choice to
bring up their children, the main reasons are:
- Without No-Go area, so makes Valencia a safe
city
- Valencia is greener, has a lot of parks and
green areas where you can go walking or
jogging
- Modern greener buildings, with ecological
measures that look after the environment
Moreover, forest, mountains, rivers and natural areas are
closer from Valencia, you can make a weekend get away easily.

Valencia has some iconic buildings, as a way of example city

of arts. A big place to take a walk or simply to lie down in
the grass.

From my point of view some redevelopment projects fails due

to economic crisis. When we are in good times, in money
terms, businessmen design new areas taking advantage the
amounts of money and good incomes of the people. When bubble
explode, the projects fails.

Valencia is hosting many sports events like International

Marathon, Moto GP..
From my point of view, hosting sports events is quite good
for the city. That sort of events have a high hit in the
economy of the city. Increase the work posts, and inflate
the box of the restaurants, stores and mall centers.

Nowadays, local council is narrowing-down the capability to

drive car in down town. I think this measure isn’t the best,
because a lot of people need to drive in the down town,
because they can’t walk or maybe they are delivery men.
What I liked the most about Valencia some years ago was the
quantity of car parks were.

4
 Alternative Types of Families
The demise of the nuclear family
The dinky (double income, no kids) phenomenon.
Blended families and same-sex partnerships
Why bother getting married at all?

Some years ago, maybe 20 or 30, the society and family have
changed a lot.
In the past, the common family was composed by a woman and
a man with more than two children.
The marriage was for the rest of the life. The stuffs were
fixed not replaced.
But modern society is suffering the demise of the nuclear
family.

Maybe the main reason for the dinky phenomenon is the

economical crisis. To have children means spend or invest a
lot of money in the baby. Other point of this phenomenon
could be the independence to make things without any
charge. You have not to drop your kids in the kindergarten
or have to pick them from the school.
Travel could be the reason, traveling with children are
possible, but is easier said than done. Time is money
The doubt of your post could be the last of the reasons for
the dinky phenomenon.

Blended families were legalized some years ago, so we can’t

cling on to traditional families, we have our finger on the
pulse.

From my point of view bother getting married is only for a

legal reason.
Making legal join, perhaps can avoid a lot of tasks in the
future if the relationship is wrong.
But it is true that nowadays couple live together without
get married, if they hit it off, it is enough