Scribd
Upload
46 views

BC Formulas Tables

This document contains formulas, tables, and definitions related to combustion and thermochemistry. It includes: 1) Basic data like atomic masses, ideal gas law, definitions of enthalpy, entropy, and other thermodynamic properties. 2) Expressions for thermochemical calculations including heats of formation, heat capacities, and equilibrium constants. 3) Models and equations for chemical kinetics, reactors, diffusion, phase changes, and combustion of hydrocarbons. 4) Tables of properties for gases, fuels, and air to apply the formulas.

Uploaded by

Pablo Alejandro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
46 views

BC Formulas Tables

This document contains formulas, tables, and definitions related to combustion and thermochemistry. It includes: 1) Basic data like atomic masses, ideal gas law, definitions of enthalpy, entropy, and other thermodynamic properties. 2) Expressions for thermochemical calculations including heats of formation, heat capacities, and equilibrium constants. 3) Models and equations for chemical kinetics, reactors, diffusion, phase changes, and combustion of hydrocarbons. 4) Tables of properties for gases, fuels, and air to apply the formulas.

Uploaded by

Pablo Alejandro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

BAE COMBUSTION

FORMULAS AND TABLES

Basic data and formulas

‒ 1atm=101325Pa=1013.25 mbar= 760 torr, 1torr=1.33 mbar


‒ 1cal = 4.19J, 1J =0,24 cal
‒ Ru = 8.31 J/mol-K = 1.99 cal/mol-K
‒ NAvogrado=6.021023 particles/mol
‒ Atomic mass numbers: AH=1, AC=12, AN=14, AO=16,
‒ Air simplified composition: XO2 = 21%, XN2 = 79%  3.76 XO2, Wair  28.8g/mol
‒ Standard atmosphere: p0=1atm, T0=298K, c0=40.87 mol/m3

Thermochemical definitions and expressions

‒ Ideal gas law: p  cRuT   RT


‒ Enthalpy: H  U  pV , h  u  p   u  RT , h  u  p / c  u  RuT

Standard enthalpy: h T   h f (T0 )  hs T  , hs T    c p dT


T
‒
T0

p T dT
‒ Entropy: s (T , p )  s (T )  Ru ln
0
, s 0 (T )  s 0 (T0 )   c p
p0 T0 T
‒ Gibbs function: G  H  TS
p
g (T , p )  h  Ts  g 0 (T )  TR ln with g 0 (T )  h(T )  Ts 0 (T )
p0
p
Chemical potential:   g  h  Ts  g (T )  TRu ln
0

p0

‒ First law:  Q  dU  pdV  dH  Vdp ,  q  du  pd (1  )  dh  dp 


 In open control volume (cv): H out  H in  m(hout  hin )  Qcv  Wcv
‒ Second law: TdS   Q  T  Sirr  0

‒ Gas mixtures: Molar and mass fractions, mean molar mass:


Ni mi W
Xi  , Yi   Xi i , W   X iWi or W 1   YW
i i
1

N m W
p
 Entropy of a mixture: s (T , p, X i )  s (T )  Ru ln
0
 Ru  X i ln X i1
p0

1
Chemical equilibrium

‒ Generic (forward/backward) reaction:  A  


i
'
i i
''
Ai
dN1 dN 2
‒ Progress of the reaction:   ...  const,  i   i''  i'
1 2
‒ Chemical equilibrium of single reaction:   i i 0
i i
p  c  p0
‒ Equilibrium constant: K p (T )    i  =  i  with c0 
 p0   c0  RuT
 Exothermic reactions have dKp /dT<0

Chemical kinetics

N N
‒ Set of L reactions with N species:  'ji Aj
j 1

j 1
''
ji Aj i  1,...L

‒ Production rate of species j in reaction i:

d [ Aj ] N N
  ji qi , with qi  k fi  [ Aj ] ji  kbi  [ Aj ]
'  ''ji

dt j 1 j 1

d [ Aj ] L
‒ Net production rate of species j:   j (T ,[ A1 ],...,[ AN ]), with  j   ji qi
dt i 1

Well-stirred reactor

 m2  m1  m  const
V
 Yi 2  Yi1  Wi i , with i based on 'averaged' reactor conditions.
m
 h2  h1  Qwall m , with h2   Yi 2 hi (T2 ), h1   Yi1hi (Ti1 )

Plug-flow reactor (low speed)

 A v  const  m,
dYi A
  Wii , (with Wii  0)
dx m
 p const
dh dT
 m  A hWi ii  mc p  pQwall
''
, with c p   Yi c pi ,
dx dx
''
Qwall [W m 2 ]  heat injected through walls, p  section perimeter

2
Continuity equations with mass diffusion


     v  0,    i , v   Yi vi ,
t
i
    i vi  Wii
t
 Fick's law for wi  vi  v: wi   Di ln Yi
Yi
    v Yi     Di Y  Wii
t

Binary diffusion coefficients

‒ For other temperatures take DAB (T , p)  T 3/2 p

1D Stefan model for liquid evaporation and diffusion

1  YA ( x) x D
 exp , LY 
1  YA, s LY m
x 
T ( x)  C1exp  C2 , LT 
LT m
dT
At liquid interface: mhlg   c p (0)
dx
psat (Ts ) p0  hlg 1 1 
X A, s   exp     
p p  Ru  Ts Tboil  

3
Enthalpy of formation

4
Heat capacities

5
Sensible enthalpy change

6
Heats of vaporization

‒ Clasius-Clapeyron equation for saturation pressure of liquids

dpsat hlg dTsat psat (T )  h T T 


   exp   lg boil 
psat Ru Tsat2 p0  Ru TboilT 

7
Chemical equilibrium constants

8
HC global reaction rate parameters

9
Selected properties of hydrocarbon fuels (1)

10
Selected properties of air (at 1atm)

‒ K   c p
‒ For other pressures, take  (T , p)  p 1

11
Selected properties of nitrogen and oxygen (at 1atm)

12

You might also like