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2016نشرة

Basic categories of deixis include person deixis demonstrated through personal pronouns and vocatives, time deixis shown through calendrical and non-calendrical terms as well as tenses, place deixis using demonstrative pronouns and motion verbs, social deixis seen in honorifics and forms of address, and discourse deixis where pronouns refer to prior linguistic expressions or pieces of discourse. Deixis involves contextual elements like person, time, place, and social relationships that help identify people, things, or events being discussed.

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ابو محمد
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48 views2 pages

2016نشرة

Basic categories of deixis include person deixis demonstrated through personal pronouns and vocatives, time deixis shown through calendrical and non-calendrical terms as well as tenses, place deixis using demonstrative pronouns and motion verbs, social deixis seen in honorifics and forms of address, and discourse deixis where pronouns refer to prior linguistic expressions or pieces of discourse. Deixis involves contextual elements like person, time, place, and social relationships that help identify people, things, or events being discussed.

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ابو محمد
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Basic Categories of Deixi:

1. Person Deixis:

# Personal pronouns:

first: "I", second: "you", third: "they"

# Vocatives:

calls/summonses ( initially) "daddy "

addresses (anywhere): "sir"

2.Time Deixis:

#Calendrical: "July", Non-calendrical: "tomorrow"

#Coding Time vs. Receiving Time: Coding time refers to the moment of
utterance production, while receiving time refers to the moment of
utterance reception.

#Deictic Expressions of Time

o #Deictic adverbs of time: present: "now", past and future: "then"


o #Tenses
– present = an event/action simultaneously to the speech act (work)
– past = an event/action before the speech act (worked)
– future = an event/action after the speech act (you will work)

3. Place Deixis:

#demonstrative pronouns: proximal" this", distal "that"

#adverbs of palce: proximal "here", distal "there"

#motion verbs = signs of place deixis

– come vs. go makes distinction between the direction of motion

o He's coming = he is moving towards the speaker's location.


o He's going = he is moving away from the speaker's location.
o I'm coming = the speaker is moving towards the location of the
addressee.
– come = movement towards either the location of the speaker, or towards
the location of the addressee.

4. Social Deixis: can be seen in terms of honorifics (terms to show


respect and politeness) identified by social deictic information:

-absolut/ formal context: authority and power

-relational/informal context: familiarity and intimacy

Expressions of social Deixis:

#personal pronouns: " I"," we"

#marking of respsect T/V distinction: "tu" informal, "vous" formal

#forms of address: first name" Jone", last name" Bond", kindship terms
"uncle", occupation titles" doctor", others" madam"

5. Discourse Deixis:

#co-referential: a pronoun refers to the same entity as a prior linguistic


expression "he" e.g. Harry is a sweetheart; he's so considerate

# Token reflexivity: a pronoun refers to a linguistic expression or a piece


of discourse

e.g.

A: That is a rhinoceros

B: Spell it for me

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