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Powerspectraldensity MATLAB

This document describes how to calculate and use power spectral density (PSD) in MATLAB. PSD shows the power of a signal distributed over different frequencies. It defines a default PSD object with properties like name, frequencies, sampling frequency, and spectrum type. PSD can be calculated from time-domain data using the dspdata.psd function, which returns a PSD object. This object contains the PSD data and can be plotted or have its properties modified using various methods. Examples are given to estimate PSD from a noisy signal and plot the results.

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Panku Rangaree
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65 views

Powerspectraldensity MATLAB

This document describes how to calculate and use power spectral density (PSD) in MATLAB. PSD shows the power of a signal distributed over different frequencies. It defines a default PSD object with properties like name, frequencies, sampling frequency, and spectrum type. PSD can be calculated from time-domain data using the dspdata.psd function, which returns a PSD object. This object contains the PSD data and can be plotted or have its properties modified using various methods. Examples are given to estimate PSD from a noisy signal and plot the results.

Uploaded by

Panku Rangaree
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Power spectral density - MATLAB http://www.mathworks.com/help/signal/ref/dspdata.ps...

dspdata.psd
Power spectral density

Syntax
Hpsd=dspdata.psd(Data)
Hpsd=dspdata.psd(Data,Frequencies)
Hpsd=dspdata.psd(...,'Fs',Fs)
Hpsd=dspdata.psd(...,'SpectrumType',SpectrumType)
Hpsd=dspdata.psd(...,'CenterDC',flag)

Description

The power spectral density (PSD) is intended for continuous spectra. The integral of the PSD over a given frequency band computes
the average power in the signal over that frequency band. In contrast to the mean-squared spectrum, the peaks in this spectra do
not reflect the power at a given frequency. See the avgpower method of dspdata for more information.

A one-sided PSD contains the total power of the signal in the frequency interval from DC to half of the Nyquist rate. A two-sided PSD
contains the total power in the frequency interval from DC to the Nyquist rate.

Hpsd = dspdata.psd(Data) uses the power spectral density data contained in Data, which can be in the form of a vector
or a matrix, where each column is a separate set of data. Default values for other properties of the object are shown below:

Property Default Value Description

Name 'Power Spectral Read-only string


Density'

Frequencies [] Vector of frequencies at which the power spectral density


is evaluated. The range of this vector depends on the
type double SpectrumType value. For one-sided, the default range
is [0, pi) or [0, Fs/2) for odd length, and [0, pi] or [0,
Fs/2] for even length, if Fs is specified. For two-sided, it
is [0, 2pi) or [0, Fs).

If you do not specify Frequencies, a default vector is


created. If one-sided is selected, then the whole number
of FFT points (nFFT) for this vector is assumed to be even.

If onesided is selected and you specify


Frequencies, the last frequency point is compared to
the next-to-last point and to pi (or Fs/2, if Fs is
specified). If the last point is closer to pi (or Fs/2) than it
is to the previous point, nFFT is assumed to be even. If it
is closer to the previous point, nFFT is assumed to be odd.

The length of the Frequencies vector must match the


length of the columns of Data.

Fs 'Normalized' Sampling frequency, which is


'Normalized' if
NormalizedFrequency is true. If
NormalizedFrequency is false Fs defaults to 1.

SpectrumType 'Onesided' Nyquist interval over which the power spectral density is
calculated. Valid values are'Onesided' and
'Twosided'. A one-sided PSD contains the total signal
power in half the Nyquist interval. See the onesided
and twosided methods in dspdata for information on
changing this property.

The range for half the Nyquist interval is [0 pi) or [0 pi]


depending on the number of FFT points. For the whole
Nyquist interval, the range is [0 2pi).

NormalizedFrequency true Whether the frequency is normalized (true) or not


(false). This property is set automatically at
construction time based on
Fs. If Fs is specified,
NormalizedFrequency is set to false. See the
normalizefreq method in dspdata for information

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Power spectral density - MATLAB http://www.mathworks.com/help/signal/ref/dspdata.ps...

Property Default Value Description

on changing this property.

Hpsd = dspdata.psd(Data,Frequencies) uses the power spectral density estimation data contained in Data and
Frequencies vectors.

Hpsd = dspdata.psd(...,'Fs',Fs) uses the sampling frequency Fs. Specifying Fs uses a default set of linear
frequencies (in Hz) based on Fs and sets NormalizedFrequency to false.

Hpsd = dspdata.psd(...,'SpectrumType',SpectrumType) uses the SpectrumType string to specify the


interval over which the power spectral density was calculated. For data that ranges from [0 pi) or [0 pi], set the SpectrumType
to onesided; for data that ranges from [0 2pi), set the SpectrumType to twosided.

Hpsd = dspdata.psd(...,'CenterDC',flag) uses the value of flag to indicate whether the zero-frequency (DC)
component is centered. If flag is true, it indicates that the DC component is in the center of the two-sided spectrum. Set the
flag to false if the DC component is on the left edge of the spectrum.

Methods

Methods provide ways of performing functions directly on your


dspdata object. You can apply a method directly on the variable
you assigned to your dspdata.psd object. You can use the following methods with a dspdata.psd object.

avgpower
centerdc
normalizefreq
onesided
plot
twosided

For example, to normalize the frequency and set the NormalizedFrequency parameter to true, use

Hpsd = normalizefreq(Hpsd)

For detailed information on using the methods and plotting the spectrum, see the dspdata reference page.

Examples

Resolving Signal Components

Estimate the power spectral density of a noisy sinusoidal signal with two frequency components and then store the results in a PSD
data object and plot it.

Fs = 32e3;
t = 0:1/Fs:2.96;
x = cos(2*pi*t*1.24e3)+ cos(2*pi*t*10e3)+ randn(size(t));
nfft = 2^nextpow2(length(x));
Pxx = abs(fft(x,nfft)).^2/length(x)/Fs;

% Create a single-sided spectrum


Hpsd = dspdata.psd(Pxx(1:length(Pxx)/2),'Fs',Fs);
plot(Hpsd);

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Power spectral density - MATLAB http://www.mathworks.com/help/signal/ref/dspdata.ps...

% Create a double-sided spectrum


Hpsd = dspdata.psd(Pxx,'Fs',Fs,'SpectrumType','twosided');
plot(Hpsd)

See Also

dspdata.msspectrum | dspdata.pseudospectrum | spectrum

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