Product: WHEEL LOADER

Model: 966H WHEEL LOADER TAL02276

Configuration: 966H Wheel Loader TAL00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY
C11 Engine

Systems Operation
966H Wheel Loader and 972H
Wheel Loader Power Train
Media Number -RENR8845-02 Publication Date -01/12/2011 Date Updated -06/12/2011

i00938104

NoSPIN Differential
SMCS - 3265

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Illustration 1

NoSPIN Differential Group

Typical Illustration

(1) Housing assembly. (2) NoSPIN differential and differential case. (3) Bevel pinion. (4) Bevel gear.
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Illustration 2

NoSPIN Differential

(5) Side gear. (6) Driven clutch. (7) Spring. (8) Holdout ring. (9) Holdout ring. (10) Spring. (11) Driven clutch.
(12) Side gear. (13) Spring retainer. (14) Spring retainer. (15) Center cam. (16) Snap ring. (17) Spider.

The NoSPIN differential is a locking type of differential. The NoSPIN differential is designed to
deliver power to both wheels of an axle when ground slip conditions are encountered on one
wheel. The NoSPIN differential is designed to disengage one axle when good traction conditions
require overrun. The rotation of the outside wheel during a turn is an example of overrun. The
NoSPIN differential group is a direct replacement for the standard differential. The NoSPIN
differential is only available in the rear axle group.

When the speeds of the wheels are equal, the NoSPIN differential sends the same amount of
torque to each wheel. When the speeds of the wheels are different, the NoSPIN differential sends
torque to the slower turning wheel. A difference in the speeds of the wheels is normally caused
by a turn.
The NoSPIN differential allows a wheel (axle) to turn faster than the speed of the bevel gear. The
NoSPIN differential does not engage the clutch member to the spider in order to turn the axle
shaft. For example, the outside wheel (axle) is not engaged with the spider during a turn with
power. The outside wheel turns faster than the bevel gear. The inside wheel (axle) is engaged
with the bevel gear. The inside wheel turns at the same speed as the bevel gear. The inside wheel
provides the power that moves the machine through the turn.

The NoSPIN differential is identical on both sides of spider (17). The NoSPIN differential has
the following components: springs (7) and (10), side gears (5) and (12), driven clutches (6) and
(11), holdout rings (8) and (9), center cam (15), snap ring (16) and spider (17) .

The inside splines of side gears (5) and (12) are connected to the sun gears for the final drives.
The outside splines of the side gears are connected to the inside splines of drive clutches (6) and
(11). The side gears send the power through the sun gears to the final drives.

Spider (17) is fastened to the differential case. Spider (17) turns at the speed of bevel gear (4).
The spider has clutch teeth on both sides. The spider also has one long tooth. The long tooth is
spider key (19). Center cam (15) fits inside the spider. Center cam (15) is held in position by
snap ring (16). Center cam (15) is free to rotate about spider key (19) inside notch (18). Driven
clutch (6) positions center cam (15). The direction of machine travel (forward or reverse)
controls the turning direction of the spider and the position of center cam (15).

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Illustration 3

NoSPIN differential
Left Side Disassembled

(5) Side gear. (6) Driven clutch. (7) Spring. (13) Spring retainer. (17) Spider.

Springs (7) and (10) fit between the side gears (5) and (12) and spring retainers (13) and (14).
The force of the springs holds the driven clutches against spider (17). The force of the springs
holds the side gears against the differential case.

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Illustration 4

Spider and Center Cam

(15) Center cam. (17) Spider. (18) Notch in center cam. (19) Spider key.
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Illustration 5

Clutch and Holdout Ring

(6) Driven clutch. (8) Holdout ring. (20) Notch in holdout ring. (21) Cam.

Driven clutch (6) and driven clutch (11) are identical. Each driven clutch has cam (21) which is
part of the clutch. The teeth on the cam engage with the teeth of center cam (15). The teeth of the
driven clutches engage with the teeth of spider (17). An annular groove in the shape of a circle is
between the teeth of the driven clutches and the teeth of the cams.

Holdout ring (8) and holdout ring (9) are identical. Each holdout ring fits in the annular groove
between the teeth of the driven clutches and the teeth of the cams. The lugs of the holdout rings
engage with the notches in center cam (15). Notch (20) in the holdout ring engages with spider
key (19). The spider key controls the movement of the holdout ring in relation to the spider.
There is no connection between the holdout rings and the driven clutches except for friction.

NoSPIN Differential Operation

The clutch action is the stopping of power that is going to the drive axle. When a wheel is turned
faster than the speed of the bevel gear, the clutch action of the NoSPIN differential will allow the
axle on that side to turn faster than the bevel gear.

The clutch action of the NoSPIN differential is described in the following sequence.

If spider (17) turns, spider key (19) locates center cam (15). The spider and the center cam then
turn at the speed of the bevel gear. The center cam turns holdout ring (8) and cam (21) at the
speed of the bevel gear. The spider turns driven clutch (6) at the speed of the bevel gear. The
driven clutch turns the side gear, the axle, and the wheel at the speed of the bevel gear.

When the wheel is turned faster than the speed of the bevel gear, the teeth of center cam (15)
work similarly to ramps. The teeth of cam (21) move up the teeth of the center cam. This action
causes driven clutch (6) to disengage from the spider. The driven clutch pulls holdout ring (8)
out of the grooves in the center cam. The friction between the holdout ring and the driven clutch
turns the holdout ring until notch (20) in the holdout ring engages with spider key (19) .

The holdout ring is now turned at the speed of the bevel gear. The lugs of the holdout ring are in
a position that will not permit engagement with the notches in the center cam. The driven clutch
and the cam move around the holdout ring at a speed faster than the speed of the bevel gear. The
holdout ring keeps the driven clutch from being engaged with the center cam and the spider. The
driven clutch, the axle shaft, and the wheel are now able to turn freely.

Spring (7) engages the opposite side clutch, the opposite side cam, and the opposite side holdout
ring with the center cam and with the spider. The engagement is maintained only while the
driven wheel turns more slowly.

When the speed of the disengaged wheel slows to the lower speed of the bevel gear, the ground
resistance creates a wheel torque which has a slight reverse direction. This causes the driven
clutch and the cam to turn in a direction that is the opposite of the direction of rotation of the
bevel gear. The friction between the holdout ring and the driven clutch causes the holdout ring to
move in a direction that is opposite the direction of the bevel gear.

Notch (20) in the holdout ring moves away from spider key (19). When the lugs of the holdout
ring are in a position to engage the notches in center cam (15), the force of the spring causes the
driven clutch and the cam to engage.

Note: When both wheels are turned at the same speed, both wheels do not necessarily have the
same torque. For example, when a wheel on ice is spinning at a faster rate than another wheel
that is not on ice, both clutches engage. When both clutches engage, both wheels turn at the same
speed. The wheel that is on ice will have less torque.

Straight Forward Operation

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Illustration 6

Straight Forward Operation

Typical Illustration

(5) Side gear. (6) Driven clutch. (11) Driven clutch. (12) Side gear. (17) Spider. (22) Teeth of the spider. (23) Teeth
of the driven clutches.

When the machine has straight forward movement, teeth (22) on both sides of spider (17) are
fully engaged with teeth (23) of driven clutches (6) and (11). The following combination forces
the differential together. The reverse angle of the teeth on the clutches and on the spider, the
force of springs (7) and (10), cams (21) and center cam (15). This forces the engagement of the
teeth of the clutches with the teeth of the spider.

In this condition, driven clutches (6) and (11) are fully engaged with spider (17). The driven
clutches turn side gears (5) and (12) at the same speed as the bevel gear. The two side gears turn
the axle shafts and the wheels at the same speed as the bevel gear.

Forward Turn with Power

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Illustration 7

Forward Right Turn with Power

Typical Illustration

(5) Side gear. (6) Driven clutch. (11) Driven clutch. (12) Side gear. (17) Spider.

During a turn, the outside wheel travels a longer distance than the inside wheel. When the
machine turns with power, the NoSPIN differential allows the outside wheel to turn faster than
the speed of the bevel gear. The NoSPIN differential does not allow the inside wheel to turn at a
rate that is slower than the speed of the bevel gear. The inside wheel turns at the same speed as
the bevel gear.

The teeth of the spider transfer the force to the inside driven clutch. The inside driven clutch
turns the inside wheel at the same speed as the bevel gear. The inside driven clutch provides the
power that is necessary to move the machine through the turn.

The traction of the road causes the outside wheel to turn at a speed that is faster than the speed of
the bevel gear. This causes the driven clutch for the outside wheel to turn faster than the speed of
the bevel gear. The movement of one wheel faster than the movement of another wheel begins
the clutch action of the NoSPIN differential.

The cam for the driven clutch of the inside wheel has teeth. The teeth are engaged with the teeth
of center cam (15). The teeth stay in the same position in relation to spider (17). The teeth of the
inside drive clutch are engaged with the spider. The teeth on the other side of center cam (15) are
used as ramps. The cam for the driven clutch of the outside wheel has teeth. The teeth move up
the teeth of the center cam. This causes the outside driven clutch to move away from the spider
and from the center cam. The outside driven clutch is not engaged with the spider.

The driven clutch for the outside wheel cannot re-engage with the spider until the speed of the
outside wheel slows to the lower speed of the bevel gear. The holdout ring prevents the driven
clutch from being engaged with the spider until the machine is moving in a straight direction.
The operation of the differential is now identical to the operation of the differential while the
machine is moving straight forward.

Forward Turn with No Power

The operation of the NoSPIN differential during a forward turn with no power is identical to the
operation of the NoSPIN differential during a forward turn with power. The traction of the road
causes the outside wheel to turn faster than the speed of the bevel gear. The inside wheel is
turned at the speed of the bevel gear.

Straight Reverse Operation

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Illustration 8

Straight Reverse

Typical Illustration

(5) Side gear. (6) Driven clutch. (11) Driven clutch. (12) Side gear. (17) Spider. (22) Teeth of the spider. (23) Teeth
of the driven clutches.
When the machine moves in a straight reverse direction, teeth (22) on both sides of spider (17)
are fully engaged with teeth (23) of driven clutches (6) and (11). During straight reverse
operation, spider (17) rotates in a direction that is opposite the direction of rotation during
straight forward operation. Because the spider turns in the opposite direction during straight
reverse operation, teeth (22) of the spider press against the opposite face of teeth (23) of the
driven clutches.

The action of the differential during straight reverse operation is identical to the action of the
differential during straight forward operation.

Reverse Turn with Power

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Illustration 9

Reverse Right Turn with Power

Typical Illustration

(5) Side gear. (6) Driven clutch. (11) Driven clutch. (12) Side gear. (17) Spider.

The action of the differential is identical to the action of the differential during a forward turn
with power except for one conflict. During a reverse turn with power, spider (17) rotates in a
direction that is opposite the direction of rotation during a forward turn with power.

Reverse Turn with No Power

The operation of the NoSPIN differential during a reverse turn with no power is identical to the
operation of the NoSPIN differential during a reverse turn with power. The traction of the road
causes the outside wheel to turn faster than the speed of the bevel gear. The inside wheel is
turned at the speed of the bevel gear.

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