Chapter II.

PILLARS OF EDUCATION
Discussion Questions

1. What are the four pillars of education?

2. How do teacher equip the pupils/students with learning opportunities guided by the four pillars of
education?

3. Cite how the concrete illustrations or application of how the four pillars of education contribute to
lifelong learning.

ANSWER:

1. Four pillars of education

Learning to do-mix of skills and talent, contributing certified skills acquired through technical and
Vocational training, social behaviour, personal initiative and willingness to take risks.
Learning to know- more on the mastery of learning tools than with the acquisition of structured
Knowledge.
Learning to live together in peace and harmony-teach students about human diversity.
Learning to be- the complete fulfilment of human in all the richness of his personality.

2. The four pillars of education make the teacher an effective and efficient to develop a fully human
Person.
3. The four pillars of education are all significant to each other.

It will be hard if one is lacking since the rest will be affected.

It is not only the parent who will be develop these skills but the teacher must also help to achieve a

Full development of individual.

Learning to know-is the foundation of the pillars of education. This start at home and then school
knowing all the basic knowledge we need in order for us to master the learning tools.

Learning to do-is applying what you have learned in the school. It will be easy for us to do what we
have learned in school after we have mastered, the developing of skills is being emphasized.

The pillars of education is very important as a future teacher because it is critical to peace and mutual
understanding to emphasized the value if education as a manifestation of the spirit of unity. The system
of live together as active members of a global village and contribute to attainment of a culture of peace.

Teacher must always remember that these pillars of education are essential for them in guiding.
CHAPTER III. INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

1. What is the importance of Man’s language?

2. Discuss and explain the significance of understanding culture its elements, characteristics, and
components.

3. What is cultural relativism? How can we show our respect for others cultural values and practices?

ANSWER:

1. The importance of man’s language is a reflection of a kind of person he is the level of education he
attained and an index to the behaviour that may excited for him. The importance of man’s language is
communicated with another to express our opinion thought and ideas.

2. The significance of understanding culture, elements, characteristics and components in order us to

respect their behaviours, beliefs attitude, values and ideas than are characteristics of a particular society
of population.

3. Culture relativism according to Rosado (2003) is the essence an approach to the question of the
nature and cure values in culture. In anthropology it is a key methodological concept which is universally
accepted within the discipline. We can respect other culture values and practice through obeying their
custom, belief and values.

ACTIVITIES

1.When 2 more observing my classmate there are to differ to each other, the way they talk ,dress and
belief for example, Jaysan she is different the way she pronounce the word or in other word she has an
accent the way she talk, while Claudine ,she is fluent in English she use an English accent.

2. When I was visited a community indigenous people. I can observe the way they behave, they have the
different rituals that they perform and they are united to each other.

3. Example of situation that show the significance of man’s language. Buying same item in the
department store talking to all friends, families and etc.
CHAPTER IV. PEACE EDUCATION
Discussion Questions

1. Why is “peace” a holistic concept?

2. Why do we say that peace education is essentially transformative?

3. In what way is peace education ethical? Practical?

4. What are the key themes of peace education? What is the dominant message that strikes
you in each of these themes?

5. What are the attributes of a peace educator of a peaceable classroom?

6. After reading the chapter, did it engender any personal goal or commitment on you part?

1. Peace is a holistic concept it is because our ideas share our feelings action as well as show we
live and how we relate with others.

2. Peace education is considered transformative education not only because of its purpose and
content bur also because of the teaching process it upholds.

3. Peace education is an ethical imperative considering the reaction of life and well-being cause
by all norms of violence. These includes the unity and value of life, not only of human life but
also other life forms in nature, respect for human dignity, nonviolence, justice and love as a
social ethic while peace education is a practical benefits that we seek.

4.Resolving and transforming conflicts all the key themes of peace education one we handle
well our problem it was resolve constructively after reading this chapter we must have peace in
our heart, mind and is our peace. As a future teacher, teach peace not as a subject but teach
deeds.

5.The attribute of a peace educator is the phrase “the medium is the message” used in a school
sitting, suggest to us that teachers have the power to affect the lives of children and youth
peace educators must serve us models of qualities and skills they are helping your people to
develop in the peaceable classroom and school.

ACTIVITIES
1. The major faith in spiritual tradition in our country particularly on their teaching that relate
to peace Christianity, because it is the way that we can implement peace in our country.

2. Resolving and transforming conflicts, problems is the part of our life and we handle it
properly we can resolve that constructively.

3. The complete that we encounter especially in our age is about love more teenager suffer
from broken hearted, busted and etc.

4. She is a life learner, one who continues to improve their skills, abilities and knowledge.
CHAPTER V. CULTURAL CHANGES
Discussion Questions

1. Explain cultural change and its effect on the life the people.
2. What are the different levels of multicultural education?
3. How can teachers meet the diverse needs of an increasingly multi-cultural student
population?
4. Discuss the role of multicultural education in the transformation of society.
5. What is subculture? Why do different subcultures exist?

ANSWER:

1. Cultural changes that influence the behaviour and ways of life people in the different
countries throughout the world such as: Multiculturalism and student subcultures and it
is the change that our initiated by group, or else that will not last long.
2. The different level of multicultural education are:
 Level 1 – contributions
 Level 2 – additive
 Level 3 – transformation
 Level 4 – social action
3. Through understanding and recognizing that students have diverse cultural background
and can adopt their instruction to meet these diverse learning needs.
4. The role of multicultural education in transformation of society is acknowledged that
school are essential to laying the foundation for the transformation of society and the
elimination of oppression and in justice.
5. Subculture to exist people must be identifying with the subculture group. They have
opportunity for communicating one another.

ACTIVITIES

1. I’m practicing subculture in scrolls refers to cultural pattern that set apart some
segment of a society population.
CHAPTER VI. SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Discussion Questions

1. What functions are served by the family? Which one do you think is the most important
and why?
2. Discuss and explain the multiple function of the school in the new country.
3. What are the basic elements of religion?
4. What is the difference among churches, sects, and cults?
5. How has a religion helped to bring about social changes?

ANSWER:

1. Family is the small unit of society it is a socialization of the children it is the basic agent
of socialization because it is here where the individual develop values, behaviours, and
ways of life through interaction with members of the family.
2. Intellectual purposes of schooling include the following its teach basic cognitive skills
such as reading, writing, any mathematics and etc. political order, social, to socialize
children into the various rules, economics to purpose students for their enter
occupational roles and to select.
3. Elements of religion:
 Sacred and profane
 Legitimation of norms
 Rituals
 Religious community
4. Churches is ministered with priest while sects and cults and ministered by pastors.
Religion is the way in being social change because through their we can do good, avoid
evil, and we can sing our faith to God.

ACTIVITIES

Through the mission and vision of the school the students became responsible enough in
following and visualizing they have an aim, goal in life to become successful one.

My family is a simple one, they are the one who shape and mold myself to become person
and a better Christian. Family is all source of all strength and they are the one who can lead
us in a right path of living.
CHAPTER VII. GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT

Discussion Questions and Activities

1. Examine gender equality and inequality and how they affect development.
2. Explain the relationship between gender and power.
3. What significant gains have been made in women’s education as a result of global
advocacy?

Suggested Activities
1. Observe a classroom noting how many times teacher call on girls and boys. Compare
the amount of attention boys and girls get their teachers. Do boys or girls get more
than their fair share of teacher attention?
2. Write a research paper about inequality. Interview women leaders and get their
opinion regarding women empowerment.

1. Gender equality – between woman and men is a worthy goal that is central to
progress in human development.

 Gender – refers to the different ways men and woman play in society,
and to the relative power they wield.
 Power- is a basic fabric of society and is possessed in varying degrees by
social factors in diverse social categories.
2. The best way to move forward is to make women’s participation in leadership,
power and decision making in priority, issue, starting with women in civil service.
CHAPTER VIII. GLOBALIZATION AND EDUCATION
Discussion Questions and Activities
1. Identify the characteristics of globalization that can be linked to education.
2. How do socio- cultural, environmental, geographical, economic, political, and equity
issues affect globalization?
3. Discuss and explain globalization and education from the perspective of conflict and
consensus theorists.
Suggested Activities
1. Write a group research on impact of globalization on education.
2. Draw up your own thesis statement related to the given topic.
3. Prepare for a group presentation of your research.

1. Globalization – used to describe the graving integration of economics worldwide

through increases in tract investment flows and technology transfer.

Characteristic of Globalization that can be linked to education

Education terms Economic terms political terms

2. If knowledge is fundamental to globalization should have a profound impact on the

transmission of knowledge. Education as an instrument of economic productivity,
politicization, and enculturation can play an important part in the humanization of the
process of globalization.

Socio-cultural issues
1. Massive migration 2. Managing difference 3. Global changes in culture

Economic issues
1. Worldwide inequality
2. Consistency and quality of education experiences remain patchy.
3. Secondary education in developing countries remains quite weak
4. New technologies of globalization
Political Issues
1. Constraint on national/state policy 2. Economic coordination and exchange
a. Global conflict 4. Crime 5. Terrorism 6. Environmental issues
 2. A critical of globalization attempts to specify the interconnections and
interdependencies between different levels such us the economic, political,
cultural, and psychological as well as between different flows of produce,
ideas and information, people and technology while a critical theory of
globalization analyses both how globalization creates forces of domination
and resistance and seek and valorizes strategies of resistance to the
oppressive and exploitative aspects of globalization, it avoid one-side
discourses on globalization that are purely denunciatory and attempts to
describe both the positive potentials that globalization open as well as it
forces of domination. We should move to a higher level of develop a critical
and dialectical theory of globalization that articulates both its progressive
that mixed old and new, homogenization and heterogeneity, innovation and
distriction and globalization and globalization from above opposed to
globalization from above opposed to globalization from below.

Forces of Globalization

Taxing youth Families Education System

 CHAPTER IX. EDUCATION IN THE NEW MILIEU

Discussion Question and Activities

1. Will information and communication technology make a difference in the
teaching-learning process? How?
2. How can teachers effectively use computers and the Internet in the
classroom?
3. How would you prepare the students to handle the unreliable and
unscholarly materials found in the internet?

Suggested Activities

1. Observe a classroom where technology is used as a teacher’s tool.

Describe the strategies used by the teacher.
2. Talk about your experience on the use of ICT such as sending e-mail,
surfing the internet, ect.

Answer:
Sending e-mail and surfing using the internet is the easiest way to
communicate with your love ones. I could easily get into touch with my
friends abroad and get some information regarding latest news by using
social media like Facebook and messenger.

Suggested:

Now a days most of us have computer in our homes and they are a major part of our
lives. Among the many areas where they have brought great benefits is also education. In
the early days when these machines where not so popular and available for every person,
studying and searching for materials was more difficult it was time consuming to search
for an answer in the stack of books.
CHAPTER X. EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (ESD)
Suggested Activities
Reflect for greater awareness on the issue of globalization
1. Exchange ideas on the perception that nation-states have become ”too small for big
problems of life and too big for the small problems of life”.
2. ESD priorities cover sustainable global development issues which find focus on each
country’s national ESD priority goals. Check which you believe the Philippines should set
as in ESD priority goals.

Economic
 Poverty
 Corporate responsibility
 Rural development

Environmental
 Climate change

Social
 Disarmament
 Drug addiction
 Trafficking
 HIV/AIDS
 Gender equality

Cultural
 Cultural diversity
 Indigenous knowledge
 Peace/non-violence

 Biodiversity
 Disaster reduction
 Urbanization
 Waste reduction
 Fresh water
 Food security

Other priorities you can think of_________

3. From the chosen priorities priorities, make an oral presentation/justification for your
choices individually or as a group.
4. Finale Activity
Group creative presentation using drama, pantomime, music, multimedia or other
innovative medium to declare your proactive participation as a teacher-catalyst of
Education for Sustainable Development.