BEIJING NATIONAL STADIUM “Bird’s Nest”

- Was used in 2008 Summer Olympic Games

- Designed by ARUP Sport
- Deconstructivism

EIFFEL TOWER – Paris, France

- Constructed in 1889
- Named after Engr. Gustave Eiffel
- Used as an entrance arch for the World Expo of 1889
- 324m high, approx. 81 Storey

BURJ AL ARAB, Dubai, UAE

- 280m away from the shore
- 4th Tallest Hotel in the world
- 321m high
- Contemporary Engineering
- Designed by Tom Wright of WKK Architects
- Its shape emulates shape of the Sail of a ship

PARTHENON – Athens, Greece

- Most preserved templr of Ancient Greece
- Built in 5th Century BC
- Dedicated to Goddess Athena Parthenos, Patron of athens
- Phidias, supervising Architect, best sculptor and builder of
ancient times
 ANGKOR WAT – CAMBODIA
- First was Hindu then Buddhist Temple
- Built in 12th Century by the Khmer King Suryavarman
- Intended for state temple then hus mausoleum
- Dedidated ti Buddhist diesty, Vishnu
- Khmer Architecture

SAGRADA FAMILIA – Barcelona, Spain

- Construction taken most of the 20th Century
- Designed by Antonio Gaudi
- Fusion of Gothic Architecture and Single Art Nouveau
- Construction started in 1882, stopped because of Spanish Civil
War and WWII
- Resumed in 1950s
- 2026, final completion, 100 years anniversary of Gaudi’s death

ST. PETER’S CATHEDRAL – Vatican, Rome, Italy

- Designed by Donato Bramante, Michelangelo, Carlo Maderno,
Gian Lorenzo Bernini
- Renaissance Architecture

SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE – Sydney,

Australia
- Designed by Danish Architect Jorn
Utzon
- Was open in 1973
 COLOSSEUM
- Ancient Roman amphitheater
- Roman Architecture
- Constructed in 70-80 AD
- First building in history where concrete was used for
construction
-

TOWER BRIDGE LONDON

- Symbol of London and a Pearl of 19th Century
Architecture
- Combination of Bascule Bridge and Suspension Bridge
- Height – 213 Ft (65m)
- Lebgth – 801 ft (244m)
- Horace Jones, appointed Architect and City Architect
- Sir John Wolfe Barry, took over after Jones’ death

HAGIA SOPHIA – Istanbul, Turkey

- Monumental Church > Mosque > Museum
- Byzantine Architecture
- Built in 60 Cebtury AD under the reign of Emperor
Justinian
- Wooden roof was deigned by Rufinus
- Designed by Isidore of Miletus and Anthemium de
Tralles
- Height – 55m (180ft)
- Basilica holds a symbolic concept of space, Pantheon,
The church and Kingdom of God and dome as universe

KREMLIN – Moscow, Russia

- “A fortress inside a city”
- Largest fortress in Europe
- 20 Towers
- Spasskaya – Kremlin Clock Tower name
- Fortress span over almost 27.7 Hectares of land
- Russia’s oldest fortress
- 504 years old
- Seat of Russian Government
 EMPIRE STATE BUILDING – New York, United States
- 103 Storeys (381m high)
- Designed by William F. Lamb
- Completed in 1931
- First skyline creatirs of the Big Apple

PETRONAS TOWER – Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

- Tallest building in the world (1998-2004)
- Tallest twin tower building
- Post Modern Architecture
- Designed by Cesar Pelli (Argentine Architect)
- 451.9m high (1483ft)
- 21st Century Icon

LEANING TOWER OF PISA – Tuscany, Italy

- A campanile of the Cathedral of Pisa, Tuscany
- Late Italian Romanesque Architecture
- – the design was originally attributed to artist Bonnano Pisano but studies have
also implicated architect Diotisalvi.

TAJ MAHAL
- Dedicated to Mumtaz Mahal, the deceased
wife of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan
- The entire building was covered with ivory
white marbel, depicting architecturally the ideal
vision of heaven
- Contructed in 17th Century
- Located in Agra, region of Uttar Pradesh
- Designed by Ustad Ahmad Lahouri
 GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM BILBAO
- Designed by Frank Gehry
- Contemporary art museum
- Inagurated in 1997

FLAT IRON BUILDING

- Triangular solution of Early Modern Architecture
- Designed by Daniel Burnham
- Completed in 1902
- Tallest building in 1902

VILLA SAVOYE
- Reknowned modernist villa
- Modern Architecture
- Designed by Le Corbusier in Possy, Paris
- Constructed after “Five Points”

KAUFFMAN RESIDENCE (FALLING WATER)

- Designed by Frank Lloyd Wright
- Built in 1935 near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Proclaim “Best all time works of American
Architecture” by the American Institute of Architects in
1991
BURJ KHALIFA – Dubai, UAE
- Talkest structure in the world
- Designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrikl, 2010

GARDENS BY THE BAY, Singapore

-Wilkinson Eyre Architects, Grantt
Associates, 2012
- Botanical Garden, Marina Bay
- 2012 Building of the Year by World
Architecture Festival

THE SHARD – London

- Designed by Renzo Piano, 2012
- 72 storey high
- Tallest building in Western Europe
- Inspired by church steeples and angled glass façade

GUANGZHOU OPERA HOUSE

- Zaha Hadid Architects, 2010
- 1800 seat hall, 400 seat in small room
- Steel frames glass and granite panels
 METROPOL PARASOL – Serville, Spain
- Design by J.Mayer H. Architects, 2011
- 90 ft high, 500 ft long
- Timber pavilion, part pergola, part urban parlor

ABSOLUTE WORLD – Ontario, Canada

- Designed by MAD Architects, 2012

KAMPUNG ADMIRALTY – Singapore

- 2018 World Building of the Year at the World Architecture
Festival
- Senior-housing facility including green roof
- Designed by WOHA

THE BARCELONA PAVILION

- Mies Van der Rohe, German Architect, 1921
- Minimalism
- “Less is More”
- Housed Germany Exhibit in 1929 International Exposition in
Barcelona
- Use of marble, red onyx and travertine
- Matched to Mies’ Seagram’s Tower in New York
 THE GLASS HOUSE
-designed by Philip Johnson, 1949

THE GERKIN
- designed by Norman Foster, 2004
- tessellated Pattern of triangular forms
- Commercial skyscraper in London’s financial district

THE WTC TRANSIT HUB

- Designed by Soanish Architect Santiago Calatrava, 2016

CCTV HEADQUARTERS – China

- Designed by architect Rem Koolhas
- The local refers to as “Big Boxer Shorts”
 THE DANCING HOUSE – Prague
- Nationale-Naderlanden Building
- Designed by Croatian-Czech Architect Vlado Milunic
and Canadian-American Frank Gehry
- Deconstructivism – or new baroque architecture
- 99 different concerete panels

THE FORBIDDEN CITY – Beijing

- home of the emperors of Ming Dynasty to the end of
Qing Dynasty
- declared World Heritage Site in 1987

THE MILKWAUKEE MUSEUM

- designed by Finish-American Architect Eero Saarinen
(The Ware Nemorial Center in 1957)
- designed by David Kahler (The Kahler Building in 1975)
- designed by Soanish Architect Santiago Calatrava (The
Quadracci Pavilion in 2001)

LOTUS TEMPLE – New Dehli

- 27 structures of resembling petala of lotus flower
- The surface is made of white marble from Mount
Pentelicus in Greece, the same marble used in building the
Parthenon
- Completed in 1986

DOME OF THE ROCK – Jerusalem

- Islamic Architecture
- 7th Century building
- built by Caliph Abd Malik between 687and 981
- Octagonal plan and the rotunda dome of wood are
Byzantine Design
- The oldest extant islamic monument
THE COLOGNE CATHEDRAL – Cologne
- A high gothic five-aisled basilica
- Finished in 1880
- Medieval plan

LA PADRERA – Barcelona, Spain

- Design by Antonio Gaudi
- Art Nouveau
- UNESCO World Heritage in 1984

ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL – London

- Designed by English Architect Sir Christopher Wren
- Located at Ludgate Hill, highest point in the city of
London
- 112m high
- English Baroque Church

THE WHITE HOUSE – Washington

- Designed by Irish Architect James Hoban
- Took 8 years to construct
- Completed in 1801
- White painted Aquia Sandstone
 THE KAABA – Mecca, Saudi Arabia
- Meaning “Cube” in Arabic
- Most sacred place in Islam

THE BASIL’S CATHEDRAL – Moscow

- Designed by Architect Postnik Yakolev
- Resembles a flame of a bonfire rising into the sky
- Located outside Kremlin gates
- Onion domes, sharp spikes and polygonal towers

LLOYD’S BUILDING – London

- Designed by Italian born architect Richard Rogers
- Also known as Inside-Out Building
- Features 12 exterior lifts

CHRYSLER BUILDING – New York

- Art Deco Skyscraper
- Tallest building in the world in 1930
- Designed by architect William Van Alen
- Commissioned by car manufacturer
Walter P. Chrysler
THE SOACE NEEDLE – Seattle
- 184m high
- Designed by Architects Edward E Carlson and John Graham
- Built to survive wind velovities of 200mph and earthquakes up
to 9.1 magnitudes

THE PANTHEON – Rome

- its roof remains the world’s largest
unreinforced concrete dome
- it is also known as the “Temple of the Gods”
- was built around 126 AD

WALT DISNEY CONCERT HALL – Los Angeles, California

- designed by architect Frank Gehry
- opened in October 24, 2003

VILLA DE LOUVRE – Paris, France

- largest art museum and historic monument in Paris,
France
- Designed by architects Pierre Lescot, Louis Le Vau,
Claude Perrault
 THE BLUE MOSQUE – Istanbul, Turkey
- Known as The Sultan Ahmed Mosque
- Ottoman mosque in Turkey
- Built between 1609 and 1916
- Designed by Mehmet Aga
- Has 6 Minarets (64ft or 210ft)
- 23.50m – dome diameter
- Contains the tomb of the founder, madrasah and
hospice

THE BUCKINGHAM PALACE – City of Westminister

-Official London residence for the UK’s sovereigns since
1937

GREAT BELL OF THE CLOCK

- The House of Parliament and Elizabeth Tower
- 11 Floors
- Completed in May 31, 1859 (159 years)
- 96m high
- Designed by architect Augustus Pugin (design plans) and
Charles Barry (architect-in-charge)
 ANTONI GAUDI
- Spanish Catalan architect
- Best know practicioner of Catalan Modernism
- Introduced Trencadis, used waste ceramic pieces
Works:
- Magnum Opus
- Sagrada Familia
- Casa Mila
Architectural Style
- Art Nouveau
- Modernism
- Gothic Revival Architecture
- Organic Architecture

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT (1987-1959)

- American architect and Interior Designer
- Leader of Praire School Movement of Architecture and developed the
concept of Usonian Home
- Believed in designing structures that were in harmony with humabity
and its environment
Works:
- Falling Water
Architectural Style
- Textile Block
- Modern Architecture
- Praire School
- Organic Architecture

SABTIAGO CALATRAVA
- Spanish neofuturistic architect, structural engineer, scultor and painter
ARCHITECTURAL STYLE
- Contemporary Architecture
- High-tech architecture