Define The Following Terms:: Assembler Directives Are Instructions That Direct The Assembler To Do

The document defines several key computing terms: - Assembler directives instruct the assembler to perform actions like setting addresses. - An assembler converts assembly language into machine code. - An interpreter reads and executes code like scripts written in languages like Perl and Python. - A compiler converts source code files into executable programs. - A macro expands a single statement into multiple instructions in assembler language. - Parsing breaks data into smaller chunks by rules for interpretation and transmission.

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Define The Following Terms:: Assembler Directives Are Instructions That Direct The Assembler To Do

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M Reiji

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Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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Define the following terms :

Assembler directives are instructions that direct the assembler to do

something. ... This is used to set the program or register address
during assembly. For example, ORG 0100h tells the assembler to
assemble all subsequent code starting at address 0100h. DS. Defines an
amount of free space.
Assembler : An assembler is a program that converts assembly
language into machine code. It takes the basic commands and
operations from assembly code and converts them
into binary code that can be recognized by a specific type
of processor.
Interpreter

An interpreter is a program that reads and executes code. This includes source
code, pre-compiled code, and scripts. Common interpreters
include Perl, Python, and Rubyinterpreters, which execute Perl, Python, and
Ruby code respectively.

Compiler

A compiler is a software program that compiles program source code files into
an executable program. It is included as part of the integrated development
environment IDEwith most programming software packages.

MACRO :
In computers, a macro (for "large"; the opposite of "micro") is any programming or user
interface that, when used, expands into something larger. The original use for "macro" or
"macro definition" was in computer assembler language before higher-level, easier-to-
code languages became more common. In assembler language, a macro definition
defines how to expand a single language statement or computer instruction into a number
of instructions.

PARSING :

Breaking a data block into smaller chunks by following a set of rules, so that it can be
more easily interpreted, managed, or transmitted by a computer. Spreadsheet
programs, for example, parse a data to fit it into a cell of certain size.

bootstrap loader is a program that resides in the computer's EPROM, ROM, or

another non-volatile memory. It is automatically executed by the processor when
turning on the computer. The bootstrap loader reads the hard drives boot sector
to continue the process of loading the computer's operating system. The term
bootstrap comes from the old phrase "Pull yourself up by your bootstraps."
The bootstrap loader has been replaced in computers that have
an EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface) and is now part of the EFI BIOS.

CODE OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES

Branch optimization
Rearranges the program code to minimize branching logic and to
combine physically separate blocks of code.

Common subexpression elimination

In common expressions, the same value is recalculated in a
subsequent expression. The duplicate expression can be eliminated
by using the previous value.
Constant propagation
Constants used in an expression are combined, and new ones are
generated. Some implicit conversions between integers and
floating-point types are done.

Dead code elimination

Eliminates code that cannot be reached or where the results are
not subsequently used.

Dead store elimination

Eliminates stores when the value stored is never referenced again.
For example, if two stores to the same location have no intervening
load, the first store is unnecessary and is removed.

Types of Editors
Therre are generally five types of editors as described below:
1. Line editor: In this, you can only edit one line at a time or an integral
number of lines. You cannot have a free-flowing sequence of characters. It will
take care of only one line.
Ex : Teleprinter, edlin, teco
2. Stream editors: In this type of editors, the file is treated as continuous flow
or sequence of characters instead of line numbers, which means here you can
type paragraphs.
Ex : Sed editor in UNIX
3. Screen editors: In this type of editors, the user is able to see the cursor on
the screen and can make a copy, cut, paste operation easily. It is very easy to use
mouse pointer.
Ex : vi, emacs, Notepad
4. Word Processor: Overcoming the limitations of screen editors, it allows
one to use some format to insert images, files, videos, use font, size, style
features. It majorly focuses on Natural language.
5. Structure Editor: Structure editor focuses on programming languages. It
provides features to write and edit source code.
Ex : Netbeans IDE, gEdit.

What is a simple definition of a map?

A map is an image of an area, usually of the Earth or part of the Earth.
A map is different from an aerial photograph because it includes
interpretation. The word "map" can also be used to talk about a chart or
drawing that shows relationships between ideas, people, events, or anything
else you can think about.