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Contrast and Subclavian

Linear gadolinium-based contrast agents typically deposit in the basal ganglia while macrocyclic agents deposit in the brain over longer periods of time. Gadolinium crosses the blood CSF barrier and is absorbed into glial cells via aquaporin 4 channels, though currently there are no known consequences of retention. The half-life of linear agents is 4 days while macrocyclic agents have a much longer half-life. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis was only seen with very high doses of over 5 doses, and gadolinium has been shown to retain in organs like bone, liver, and kidney over long periods. Typical contrast amounts used for CT angio of the head and neck is 100ml.

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22 views1 page

Contrast and Subclavian

Linear gadolinium-based contrast agents typically deposit in the basal ganglia while macrocyclic agents deposit in the brain over longer periods of time. Gadolinium crosses the blood CSF barrier and is absorbed into glial cells via aquaporin 4 channels, though currently there are no known consequences of retention. The half-life of linear agents is 4 days while macrocyclic agents have a much longer half-life. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis was only seen with very high doses of over 5 doses, and gadolinium has been shown to retain in organs like bone, liver, and kidney over long periods. Typical contrast amounts used for CT angio of the head and neck is 100ml.

Uploaded by

dermo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ESUR Guidelines on urogenital radiology.

Guidelines on contrast.

linear gadolinium-based contrast agents typically deposit in the basal ganglia (dentate and
globus pallidus) but macrocyclic gadolinium agents will still deposit in the brain.

Arises through the following mechanism:


Gadolinium crosses the blood CSF barrier , it is absorbed into the glial cells via an aquaporin 4
channel on the glial cells.

Currently there are no known consequences of gadolinium retention.

The half-life of linear gadolinium agents is 4 days.

The half-life of macrocyclic agents is much much longer full stop

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis was only seen with high doses: > 5 doses.

Gadolinium has been demonstrated to be retained in all organs, particularly, bone, liver, kidney.

Virchow-Robin spaces are sub-Pial, not subarachnoid.

IV bolus tracking in CT angio head and neck a 5 to 10 second delay is typical. Compare this to
a regular CT neck which uses a 40 second delay.
Typically 100ml of contrast is used.

Branches of the subclavian artery:

Vertebral

Internal mammary

Thyrocervical trunk - gives off the inferior thyroid

Costocervical trunk

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