Scribd
Upload
54 views

Central Nervous System

1) There are two main types of neurotransmitters - excitatory and inhibitory. Examples include acetylcholine which aids muscle movement, and biogenic amines like dopamine and serotonin which aid thinking processes. 2) Neuroglia include astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, and Schwann cells. They nourish and protect neurons. Astrocytes supply nutrients, microglia provide protection from microorganisms, and oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheath around nerve fibers. 3) The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord. The brain is protected by cranial bones, meninges, and the vertebral column,

Uploaded by

lez2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
54 views

Central Nervous System

1) There are two main types of neurotransmitters - excitatory and inhibitory. Examples include acetylcholine which aids muscle movement, and biogenic amines like dopamine and serotonin which aid thinking processes. 2) Neuroglia include astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, and Schwann cells. They nourish and protect neurons. Astrocytes supply nutrients, microglia provide protection from microorganisms, and oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheath around nerve fibers. 3) The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord. The brain is protected by cranial bones, meninges, and the vertebral column,

Uploaded by

lez2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 1

Neurotransmitters-can be excitatory or inhibitory)

Types:
1. Acetylcholine-muscle movement
2. Biogenic amines (thinking process)
-Dopamine -Serotonin
-Norepinephrine -Histamine
3. Amino acids
-GABA
-Peptides

Neuroglia-protect and nourish neurons; mitotic


- do not transmit impulses
Neuroglia Function
Astrocytes Supply nutrients to neurons
Microglia Provide protection against microorganisms
Oligodendrocytes Wrap tightly around nerve fibers to form myelin
sheath
Ependymal cells Ciliated; line brain cavities; forms CSF
Schwann cells Phagocytic cells that form myelin sheath around
nerve fibers
Satellite cells Found in the PNS; may maintain chemical balance of
neurons

Cranium and Cerebral column


Cranium-composed of 8 cranial and facial bones
Foramen magnum-largest hole through which the brain stem extends to the spinal cord
Vertebral column-protects the spinal cord, supports the head and provides flexibility; strengthened by
ligaments and fibrocartilage disc

Cranial meninges
 Dura mater
 Arachnoid
 Pia mater

Falx cerebri-divides the left from right


hemispheres
Subdural-more bleeding

Central Nervous system:


I. Cerebrum
a. Consists of 2 hemisphere
b. Corpus callosum-connects two
hemisphere
c. Cerebral cortex-outer surface of
the cerebrum
d. Basal ganglia-located deep within cerebral hemisphere
e. Internal capsule-white matter consisting of bundle of nerve fibers carrying motor and sensory
impulses to and from cerebral cortex

You might also like