The Energy Scenario:

Energy is the vital input for all round development.

We should be proud of the achievements of our country in this direction
as
successively from the beginning of this century efforts have been made
to
produce electricity through Hydro, Thermal and Nuclear generating
systems. In
recent years vast grids have been created to pool in this energy and
distribute
evenly throughout the country. But despite these efforts for which
heavy
investment has been mad, due to sheer vastness of this country and its
requirement for energy, we are still passing through enormous
shortages.
Consumption demand far exceeds the supply capacities and the
demand is
growing rapidly with increase of industrial and agricultural activities. It
is
imperative to increase power generation capacities. And it has to be in
a planned
way taking into consideration both the initial and long term cost
effectiveness as
well as the merits and limitations of deferent methods
We have learnt a lot through our experience of the last eight to ten
decades of
power generation and distribution. It is now acknowledgement that
nuclear and
Hydro electric power are the cheapest to produce and both have still
vast
potential for further expansion. But both have some limitations like high
incidence
of transmission loss and high cost of transmission infrastructure. The
nuclear
power generation in particular has further limitation of the general
perception of
that being environmentally hazardous. The thermal generation has
transmission
problems as of its environmental effects. Besides, the fossil fuel used
for thermal
generation is getting depleted fast and getting costlier day by day.
Further, both
thermal and nuclear systems generate environmentally harmful effects.
More
investment on these simply means paying high cost for introduction
greater
environmental hazards.
These are problems being faced not only in India but globally.
Throughout the
world the energy planners and the environmentalists agreed upon that
it would
be suicidal for humanity to continue the present conventional energy
generation
methods and we should opt for a variety of environmentally friendly and
renewable energy sources have agreed it upon. Looking from
practicability and
economic angles, it has now been realized that the exploitation of
renewable
energy sources too. Use of Solar energy can save the scarce and fast
depleting
conventional energy resources such as coal, gas and oil.
Sun is the source of all energy. Can we think of using the solar energy
directly?
Yes, we have a technology, the Solar Photovoltaic’s (PV).
Roof Top SPV Systems:
Several cities and towns in the country are experiencing a substantial
growth in
their peak electricity demand. Municipal Corporations and the
electricity utilities
are finding it difficult to cope with this rapid rise in demand and as a
result most
of the cities/towns are facing severe electricity shortages. Various
industries and
commercial establishments e.g. Malls, Hotels, Hospitals, Nursing homes
etc
housing complexes developed by the builders and developers in cities
and towns
use diesel generators for back-up power even during the day time.
These
generators capacities vary from a few kilowatts to a couple of MWs.
Generally, in
a single establishment more than one generators are installed; one to
cater the
minimum load required for lighting and computer/ other emergency
operations
during load shedding and the others for running ACs and other
operations such
as lifts/ other power applications. With an objective to reduce
dependency on
diesel gen sets, a scheme to replace them with SPV is being proposed.
Further,
in order to utilize the existing roof space of buildings, the scheme
proposes to
promote roof-top SPV systems on buildings to replace DG gen sets
installed for
minimum load requirement for operation during load shedding. These
loads are
generally varying between 25 kW to 100 kW or so.
A roof top SPV system could be with or without grid interaction. In grid
Interaction system, the DC power generated from SPV panels is
converted to AC
power using power conditioning unit and is fed to the grid either of 11
KV three
phase line or of 220V single phase line depending on the system
installed at
Institution/commercial establishment or residential complex. They
generate
power during the daytime which is utilized fully by powering the captive
loads and
feeding excess power to the grid as long as grid is available. In cases,
where
solar power is not sufficient due to cloud cover etc.
The captive loads are served by drawing power from the grid. The grid
interactive
rooftop SPV systems thus work on net metering basis wherein
the beneficiary pays to the utility on net meter reading basis only.
Ideally, grid
interactive systems do not require battery backup as the grid acts as
the back-up
for feeding excess solar power and vice versa. However, to enhance the
performance reliability of the overall systems, a minimum battery-back
of one hr
of load capacity is strongly recommended. In grid interactive systems,
it has ,
however to be ensured that in case the grid fails, the solar power has to
be fully
utilized or stopped immediately feeding to the grid (if any in excess) so
as to
safe-guard any grid person/technician from getting shock (electrocuted)
while
working on the grid for maintenance etc.
This feature is termed as ‘Islanding Protection’ Non-grid interactive
systems
ideally require a full load capacity battery power back up system.
However, with
the introduction of advanced load management and power conditioning
systems,
and safety mechanisms, it is possible to segregate the day-time loads
to be
served directly by solar power without necessarily going through the
battery
back-up. As in the previous case of grid-interactive systems, minimum
one hour
of battery back-up is, however, strongly recommended for these
systems also to
enhance the performance reliability of the systems. The non-grid
interactive
system with minimum battery back are viable only at places where
normal power
is not available during daytime. In case the SPV power is to be used
after
sunshine hours, it would require full load capacity battery back up
which will
increase the cost of system which may not be economically viable even
with
support from Government

SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS

The Technology:
Photovoltaic technology is theoretically a simple process. It is simply to
absorb
sunlight and convert it into electricity trough certain chemically treated
Silicon
cells arranged in panels. The electricity thus generated can be put to
use in the
same way as it would be from any other source. Though the transferring
of this
technology has developed rapidly over the past two decades from small
scale
sector to specialized industry.
Photovoltaic technology is now regarded as mature with internationally
accepted
standards and specifications for components. It is a sure reliable
energy source,
thus it is being used even in space programs.

An Effective alternative:
For a country like India with plenty of sunlight available all over
throughout the
year, this PV Technology is a great boon. It can be affectively used as
an
alternative for conventional energy generation. It has built in economic
and
environment benefits and free from the disadvantages of the grid and
hazards of
the polluting fossil fuel dependent systems.

The Practical Solution:

Identification of practical niche for Photovoltaic (PV) applications
means
identifying the range of application for which PV are technically
suitable,
affordable and available at the least cost solution compared with all
relevant
alternatives.

Need For Solar UPS Systems:

The most important reason for all development, including energy
development, is
to improve the quality of power and uninterrupted source of power. One
of the
highest priorities for all of us is better quality and uninterrupted source
of power.
Improved lighting provides opportunities for extending the workday in
all arena of
human activities. This includes not only better scope for higher
productivity but
also for much extended source power for maintaining the records and
other
critical data required in police station and better communications for
dependency
on regular basis.
It is in this sector that the PV systems have been developed most
effectively for
us. Power being the most important area for which solar systems are of
high
practical utility, we have a readymade package in the solar Power Pack
fir
Energy requirements developed as a total solution for lighting and as a
backup
for computer and wireless sets, and such other purposes where reliable
uninterrupted power supply is desired.

Energy Independence:
There are many ways to generate electricity, but what are the specific
benefits of
solar generated electricity from photovoltaic cell? One of the most
attractive
benefit is that we will have “Energy independence” the ability to create
our own
electrical power, Independent of fossil fuel or and with backup from grid
supply.
Sunlight is the “fuel”, and it is available freely and abundantly over the
planet’s
surface. This has a distinct advantage over other conventional
generation
methods which require fuel deliveries. This may limit the choice of
suitable sites
so as to have road access, may be prevented due to poor road
conditions, or
vehicle problems. The cost of delivering fuel to remote locations can be
substantial. For example, it has been estimated that it requires one unit
of diesel
to delivery one unit of fuel to remote village along the Amazon River in
Brazil. in
other words, the cost of the fuel is doubled.

Minimal Maintenance:
Solar Photovoltaic systems typically require very minimal maintenance
because,
there are few moving parts. Contrast this a diesel-powered system, or
even other
renewable sources such as wind generators or hydro generators, which
often
have costly repairs and regular maintenance photovoltaic systems is
quite low.

Maximum Reliability:
Reliability is the primary advantage of Photovoltaic’s when compared to
any
other form of electrical power generation, Because there are no moving
parts and
the complexity of the system can be kept low, the ultimate reliability of
photovoltaic power systems is quite high. Environmental effects such
as
lightening strikes, high winds or blowing sand, humidity and heat or
snow and ice
typically do not affect the photovoltaic generator. The key to reliability
is quality
and simplicity. If high quality components are used with the solid-state
solar
generators, and if the component count and complexity of the system
design are
kept to a minimum, the chance of failure is remarkably low.

Generate where need:

We can think differently about designing power systems for our
requirements.
There is no need to have always a central generator large enough to
meet all our
power demands. We can distribute the generation of power to various
sites, such
as; each class room, or each house, rather than always having to install
a large
generator and string power lines to individual users that might have
been
separated by distances. Because arranging a series of simple single
cells makes
the photovoltaic generators we can easily consider installing just the
required
amount of cells needed to generate expected demand of power at each
individual site. This flexibility is not available in other forms of
generation.

Easily Expanded:
Photovoltaic power generation is modular by design. More power can
added to
an existing array easily. Voltages properly matched, new modules can
be added
to old ones without any difficulty. Just the needed number of modules
can be
installed at a time and as demand grows more modules can be added in
later
years. This means that financially, it is easy to start with a minimal
power system
today and then add to the power as the budget allows later.

Energy-Free of Cost:
Beside all these advantages with solar lighting, the energy is free.
There are no
power or fuel bills.

Used and Advantages:

The primary use of solar power pack is in areas where there is regular
interruption of conventional power sources are or problematic as in
rural, costal
and remote locations and complex urban situations. The solar Power
Packs
Systems have been designed for use in any place under whatever the
situation
where good quality power is needed. Specially, these have the potential
to
provide uninterrupted power for all areas where security are priorities.
If required,
the units can be simply relocated with ease.
These systems can also serve as effective alternative solutions for
problems
normally faced while using conventional power, like power cuts and
power
fluctuations. The systems have a long life expectancy and maintenance
can be
carried by anyone with basic trade skills.
Solar Power Packs work on their own independent of conventional
Power supply.
Still, when need arises, rarely as in the case of an extended stretch of
cloudy
days, it can use conventional energy too to charge its Batteries, to
ensure
continuous power supply for all the 365day in year.

Scope:
Solar Power Pack is a Photovoltaic pack capable of Powering both
inductive and
resistive loads. It can meet not only the demands against erratic power
supply
and fluctuation in voltages, can also work as a stand system where
there is no
power supply at all
How the System Works?
The Solar photovoltaic system works on the principle of conversion of
sunlight
into electrical energy. The Solar Panel array facing the sun captures the
sun
energy, converts it into electricity and stored in batteries. With the help
of
Electronics, the loads operate as per the requirement of the end user.
It has been so designed to store energy for continuous use including 3
nonsunshine
days at a stretch. Further, when the charge level in the battery comes
down to 50% of the installed capacity, the inverter automatically
switches over to
SEB source and charge the battery and switches off automatically once
the
minimum level is reached.

The Range of Use:

The pack can be used far a variety of applications ranging from
powering houses
and offices for providing Lighting, Fan, Machines, Wireless sets etc. it is
also
designed such that it can also be used to power computers and can act
as a
UPS.
Capacity of the system can be gauged by the vast range of uses.
Typically 3600
Watt hours Load for 06 hours can be used. A combination of other loads
can also
be used provided the maximum power consumption does not exceed
1050
W/day for a stand alone system.

Solar Photovoltaic Module:

Crystalline high power cells shall be used in the Solar Photovoltaic
module.
Power output Guarantee offered for the SPV Module shall not be less
than 10
years. Each Solar PV module should meet the following min.
requirement
Efficiency of Cell, Eff, c > 14%
Efficiency of Module, Eff, m > 12%
Module shall be made of high transmissivity glass front surface giving
high
encapsulation gain and hot butyl rubber edge sealant for module
protection and
mechanical support.
All materials used shall have a proven history of reliable and stable
operation in
external applications. It shall perform satisfactorily in relative humidity
up to100%
with temperatures between -10 Deg C and +85 Deg C and with stand
gust up to
200km/h from back side of the panel.
Solar module shall be crystalline type, employing lamination technology
using
established polymer (EVA) and Tedlar or Polyester laminate.
Other general requirements of PV module
 The rated output power of any supplied module shall not vary
more than
3-5% from the average power rating of all modules.
  The module frame is made of corrosion resistant materials, which
is
electrolytically compatible with the structural material used for
mounting
the module.
 Protective devices against surges at the PV module shall be
provided, if
required. Low voltage drop bypass and / or blocking diode(s) may
also be
provided, if required.
 Module Junction box (weather resistant) shall be designed for long
life out
door operation in harsh environment.
 A minimum warranty of 10 years shall be given with degradation of
power
generated not exceeding 10% over the entire 10 year period.
Supporting
document to be enclosed.
 The solar modules shall have suitable encapsulation and sealing
arrangements to protect the silicon cells from the environment.
The
arrangement and the material of encapsulation shall be
compatible with
the thermal expansion properties of the Silicon cells and the
module
framing arrangement/material. The encapsulation arrangement
shall
ensure complete moisture proofing for the entire life of the solar
modules.
 Each module shall have low iron tempered glass front for strength
and
 superior light transmission. It shall also have tough multi layered
polymer
back sheet for environment protection against moisture and
provide high
voltage electrical insulation.
 The fill factor of modules shall not be less than 0.70 (typical)
 Data sheet of the offered module shall be submitted along with
the offer
giving details of peak power, peak current, short circuit current,
fill factor,
open circuit voltage, peak power voltage etc.
 Type of Solar PV Modules offered should have proven Performance
Track
record in Indian climatic conditions.

12V, 75WP Solar Module Technical Details:

TECHNICAL DATA MODEL

PV Module 12V,75Wp
Nominal Voltage in Volts 12V
Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) In 21.0
Volts
Short Circuit Current (Isc) Amps 4.57 A
Maximum Power(Pm) in Watts 75
Voltage at Maximum Power 17.2 V
(Vmp) in Volts
Current at Maximum Power (Imp) 4.42 A
in Amps
Output Variation ±5%
Length * Width * Depth [mm] 12050*640*36
Weight [kg] 10
No. of Modules 01
Limited warranty [years] 10 Years
Cell Configuration 36 in series
Module Efficiency (%) 12.39%
DESCRIPTION DETAILS
Solar Module 1050WP
Inverter 24V,1KVA
CCU 24V, 50A
Battery 24V,300Ah
Structures 14x1Set
BOS 1 Set
LOAD 3500WH
Backup 10 Hours
Autonomy Days 3 Days
SL.NO DESCRIPTION UNIT PRICE QUANTITY TOTAL
1 SOLAR POWER PACK 310000 1 310000
2 LED Street Lights 5500 55 302500
Vat @ 5% 30625
TOTAL 6,43,125
1. Warranty : 24 Months on inverter & battery and 10 years (Limited) on SPV
modules from the date of supply against manufacturing defects.
2. Delivery : 6 to 8 weeks from the date of receipt of supply order and
confirmation that site is clear for Installation.
3. Commissioning : Immediately after Installation
4. Installation : Installation immediately after delivery. Customers have to ensure
site clearance at the time of delivery of the system at the site.
Price quoted is inclusive of charges for installation. Any additional
charges for reinstallations relocations etc. would be borne by the
customer.
5. As soon as site is properly cleared & ready for Installation the company has to be
informed to enable delivery and Installation. In case of detention of Installation person
for more than 48 hours, Rs. 800/- day will be charged extra to customer’s account.
6. Freight : Exclusive of charges up to user’s site address mentioned in the supply order.
Cost of any additional freight will be charged to customer’s account.
7. Insurance ( Transit): Covered by supplier
8. Taxes & Duties : Extra at actual
9. Specifications all specifications indicated are at standard test conditions.
10. Validity : Our offer is valid for a period of one month. There after subject to
our written confirmation.
11. Jurisdiction : All legal disputes are subject to Hyderabad Jurisdiction only:

12. Payments : 50% Payment in Advance and 50% against proforma Invoice.
Note: Solar Power Pack attracts 24 months free maintenance to the
customer.
Warranties only visit charges would be taken
TYPE OF MAJOR COMPONENTS Period of Warranty
SPV Array Ten Year
Batteries Two Year
Other BOQ Two Year
Details of Warranty:
The entire system shall be warranted against manufacturing defects
for a period
of twelve months from the date of installation or eighteen months from
the date of
dispatch, whichever is earlier.
During the warranty period, we shall repair or replace the defective
parts. This is
subject to the buyer possessing the following:
1. Fulfilled all obligations (including payments)
2. Given written notice on discovery of any defect within the warranty
period.
3. Followed our instructions regarding the installation, operation and
maintenance.
4. Ensured that the equipment has not been tampered with or misused,
opened
or repaired by any one who is not authorized by the manufacture in
writing.

Yours truly,
For V9 VIGILANT