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FSK Modulation and Demodulation Ex-4

This document describes an experiment on frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation and demodulation. FSK is a digital modulation technique where binary data is represented by shifting the frequency of the carrier signal. The experiment setup uses an ST 2016 module for FSK modulation and an ST 2107 module for demodulation. Expected output waveforms on an oscilloscope will show the frequency of the unipolar data, inverted data, and carrier sine waves at two frequencies representing 1s and 0s. Applications of FSK include Bluetooth, radio transmission, and LAN.

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368 views

FSK Modulation and Demodulation Ex-4

This document describes an experiment on frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation and demodulation. FSK is a digital modulation technique where binary data is represented by shifting the frequency of the carrier signal. The experiment setup uses an ST 2016 module for FSK modulation and an ST 2107 module for demodulation. Expected output waveforms on an oscilloscope will show the frequency of the unipolar data, inverted data, and carrier sine waves at two frequencies representing 1s and 0s. Applications of FSK include Bluetooth, radio transmission, and LAN.

Uploaded by

Barry
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MSIT/ECE/CECT Lab/ CS491/EX-4

MEGHNAD SAHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY


Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Laboratory Manual
Course Name: Communication Engineering and Coding Theory Lab
Course Code: CS491

Experiment No: 4
1.Name of the Experiment: : Study of Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) modulation and
Demodulation technique.
2. a) Course Outcome: CO591.2 : The students will be able to explain the characteristics of
Frequency modulated signal and their bandwidth.
b) Objective: To study FSK modulation and demodulation

3.Theory:

Frequency shift keying (FSK) is a relatively simple, low performance of digital modulation.
Binary FSK is the simplest form of FSK where the input signal (base band or modulating signal)
can have only two different values (hence name binary). Binary FSK is similar to conventional
frequency modulation except that the modulating signal varies between two discrete voltage
levels (i.e., 1’s and 0’s) rather than a continuously changing value such as sine wave. In Binary
FSK digital information is transmitted through discrete frequency changes of a carrier wave.
With Binary FSK, the center or carrier frequency is shifted (deviated) by the binary input signal.
Consequently the output from a FSK modulator is a step function in the frequency domain.
BFSK uses a pair of discrete frequencies to transmit binary (0’s and 1’s) information. With the
scheme, the “1” is called the mark frequency and the “0” is called the space frequency.
In BFSK the frequency of the carrier is shifted according to the binary symbol but the phase of
the carrier is unaffected. That’s why we have two different frequency signals (𝒇𝑳 , 𝒇𝑯 ) according
to binary symbols. Let there be a frequency shift by Ω. Then we can write

If 𝒃(𝒕) = ‘1’ then 𝑺𝑯 (𝒕) = √𝟐𝑷𝑺 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝟐𝝅𝒇𝒄 + 𝜴)𝒕


If 𝒃(𝒕) = ‘0’ then 𝑺𝑳 (𝒕) = √𝟐𝑷𝑺 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝟐𝝅𝒇𝒄 − 𝜴)𝒕

Where 𝑷𝑺 is the power of the signal, 𝒇𝒄 = center frequency or carrier frequency.


Therefore we have

𝜴
𝒇𝑯 = 𝒇𝒄 + 𝟐𝝅 For symbol ‘1’
𝜴
𝒇𝑳 = 𝒇𝒄 − 𝟐𝝅 For symbol ‘0’

BFSK is commonly used in caller ID, at higher bitrates for weather copy. It is used in amateur
radio.
MSIT/ECE/CECT Lab/ CS491/EX-4

4. Requirement:
A.
Sl.NO ITEM QUANTITY
1 Cathode- Ray Oscilloscope 01
Experimental Kit ST 2106, ST
2 2107 and with connecting 01
cables.

B. Experimental setup for FSK Modulation and Demodulation:

Unipolar Data Stream Inverted Data


[RZ (L)] Data Inverter Stream

ST 2016

Fig1: FSK Modulation


MSIT/ECE/CECT Lab/ CS491/EX-4

Fig2: FSK De-Modulation

ST-2107

5. Results and Observations:

Frequency of Frequency of Carrier Sine wave Carrier Sine wave


Unipolar data Inverted Data F1 F2

Fig3: expected output waveforms


MSIT/ECE/CECT Lab/ CS491/EX-4

6. Discussions & Conclusions:

7. Area of applications:
 Bluetooth or BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy)
 high frequency radio transmission
 coaxial cable based LAN

8. Question Banks:
1. Is FSK reception Phase Coherent?
2. Which FSK has no phase discontinuity?
3. The spectrum of BFSK may be viewed as the sum of two ___________ signals.
4. The frequency shifts in the BFSK usually lies in the range 1 KHz or 1MHz.
5. Full form of QFSK and BFSK.

9. References:
1. Communication System by Singh and Sapre.
2. Communication System by Sanjoy Sharma

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