Scribd
Upload
76 views

Chapter 6: Essay Question: Diffraction

1. The fishermen are having problems with large waves during rainy seasons that are eroding the shoreline and damaging boats and infrastructure. 2. To solve this, the fishermen propose building retaining walls to prevent further erosion, and relocating the jetty to a calmer area. 3. Additional suggestions drawing on wave properties include building a rough barrier to reduce wave reflection, placing the new jetty in a bay where water is calmer, building a small opening surrounded by barriers at the bay to utilize diffraction to reduce wave energy, and positioning barriers at the bay to take advantage of wave spreading according to the bay's shape.

Uploaded by

Yusfalina Mohd Yusoff
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
76 views

Chapter 6: Essay Question: Diffraction

1. The fishermen are having problems with large waves during rainy seasons that are eroding the shoreline and damaging boats and infrastructure. 2. To solve this, the fishermen propose building retaining walls to prevent further erosion, and relocating the jetty to a calmer area. 3. Additional suggestions drawing on wave properties include building a rough barrier to reduce wave reflection, placing the new jetty in a bay where water is calmer, building a small opening surrounded by barriers at the bay to utilize diffraction to reduce wave energy, and positioning barriers at the bay to take advantage of wave spreading according to the bay's shape.

Uploaded by

Yusfalina Mohd Yusoff
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Chapter 6: Essay question

1. Figure 3.0 shows the arrangement of the apparatus for an experiment to study a wave
phenomenon.

Figure 3.0

Figure 3.1 shows the bright and dark bands of the waves pattern formed on the white
paper when plane waves passes through the narrow and wide gaps.

Narrow gap Wide gap


Figure 3.1(a) Figure 3.1(b)

(a) Name the wave phenomenon shown in figure 1.2.

Diffraction [1 mark]

(b) (i) Explain how the dark and light bands are formed on the white paper.
[4 marks]

√ Figure /
Crests act as a
convex lens

√ Figure / Every crests


will converge the light,
bright fringes are formed
√ Figure / Every troughs
will diverge the light, dark
fringes are formed
(ii) Observe Figure 3.2(a) and (b). Compare the waves patterns and the wavelength of
the waves before and after they pass through the gaps.
Relate the size of the gaps, the waves patterns and the wavelengths to deduce a
relevant physics concept.
[5 marks]

a. In figure 3.1(a), size of the wavelength is the same as size of the gap // In figure
3.1(b), size of the gap is wider than
b.
The narrower the gap the greater the spreading of the wave

(b) Figure 1.3 shows the seashore of a fishing village. During the rainy season, waves
are big. One year the waves eroded the seashore, caused the jetty to collapse and
damaged the fishermen’s boats.

Figure 3.3

To prevent similar damage in the future, the fishermen suggest building retaining walls
and relocating the jetty.
Make further suggestion of ways to help the fishermen solve their problems.
You should use your knowledge of reflection, refraction and diffraction of waves to
explain these suggestions, to include the following aspects.
(i) the design and structure of the retaining wall,
(ii) the location of the new jetty
(iii) the size or energy of the waves
[10 marks]
Answer:

1. Build slanting barrier to reduce speed of wave


1.
Chapter 8: Essay question

1.The transmission of electrical energy from a power station to factories and houses is by means of a
system called National Grid Network.

a) State the transformation of energy in a hydroelectric power station.


b) Explain what is meant by National Grid Network and state three advantages of its distribution of
electrical energy.
c) Figure 4 below shows a model for transmission of electrical power using source of 12 V a.c.

12 V a.c source 12 V bulb is bright


240 V 240 V 12 V

Transmission wire

You are supposed to set up the model by using the information in the table below:

Number of turns of coils Types of transformers Material of transmission cables


1200 Solid copper core Constantan
600 Laminated soft-iron core Copper
60 Laminated copper core Nichrome
40 Wooden core Tungsten

i. Choose the number of turns of primary and secondary coil for step-up transformer. Give
a reason.
ii. Choose the type of core of the step-up and step-down transformer. Give a reason.
iii. Choose the type of material of transmission cables. Give a reason.

d) If the resistance of the transmission cable in the model is 20 , calculate


i. the current that flows through the transmission cable
ii. the power loss due to heating effect of the transmission cable
2. Build the rough barrier to reduce reflection of the waves
3. Build the new jetty at the bay because the water is calm at the bay
4. Build the small opening surround the bay because diffraction happens at the opening
5. Build the barrier at the bay because the wave is spread according to the shape of the bay

You might also like