Lesson Plan

Course Title: Computer Maintenance

Session Title: Numbering Systems

Lesson Duration: Lesson length is subjective and will vary from instructor to instructor
Performance Objective:
Upon completion of this assignment, the student will be able to identify the places in binary,
decimal, and hexadecimal numbers and know the value of each. The student will work with
powers of 16 and relate them to hexadecimal places, powers of 10 and relate them to decimal
places, as well as powers of 2 and relate them to binary places.

Specific Objectives:
· Demonstrate the ability to convert decimal numbers into binary and hexadecimal numbers.
· Demonstrate the ability to convert binary numbers into decimal and hexadecimal numbers.
· Demonstrate the ability to convert hexadecimal numbers into decimal and binary numbers.

Preparation

TEKS Correlations:
§130.273. Computer Maintenance
(4) The student acquires an understanding of computer technologies. The student is
expected to:
(F) explain the relationships relative to data-communications theory

Instructor/Trainer
References:
1. Cisco Systems Networking Academy Program: IT Essentials I: PC Hardware and
Software, Chapter 1: Information Technology Basics.
2. Cisco Systems Networking Academy Program: CCNA Semester 1, Chapter 1: Computing
Basics, and Chapter 6: Layer 2 Concepts.
3. JES and Co., A+ Certification: Introduction to Computer Hardware, Lesson 8: System
Settings: BIOS, IRQ, I/O, and DMA.

Instructional Aids:
1. PowerPoint Presentation: Numbering Systems
2. PowerPoint Presentation Handouts: Numbering Systems
3. Worksheet exercise: Binary numbers (and key)
4. Worksheet exercise: Binary to decimal conversion (and key)
5. Worksheet exercise: Decimal to binary conversion (and key)
6. Worksheet exercise: Hexadecimal conversion (and key)
7. Numbering Systems Exam (and key)

Materials Needed:
1. Copies of Worksheets for each student
2. Copies of Exam for each student

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Equipment Needed:
1. A projection system to display the PowerPoint presentation [PC/Monitor, PC/Projector, etc.]

Learner
Students should read the appropriate curriculum material for Numbering Systems [depending on
the text/curriculum being used for this course]. This lesson can be taught with only the
PowerPoint presentation and worksheet handouts.

Introduction

MI Introduction (LSI Quadrant I):

Having sharp skills in number systems will aid you in your career as an IT
professional. With the ability to convert numbers without the use of a calculator, you
will be able to quickly and easily solve problems that may arise.

Computer systems use the binary numbering system to operate. Why do you think
binary is referred to as the “natural” numbering system for computers to accomplish
their tasks?

[Computers and networking equipment use binary numbers, a series of BITS (short
for binary digits) that are either ON (a binary 1) or OFF (a binary 0). They are
encoded internally in the PC on microchips and on the computer motherboard’s bus
as electrical voltages]. Understanding binary numbers and how they relate to
decimal numbers is critical to understanding how computers work internally.

Outline

MI Outline (LSI Quadrant II): Instructor Notes:

1. Introduce numbering systems to students using a

PowerPoint presentation.
a. Introduce the students to the base 10 numbering
system (decimal).
b. Introduce the students to the base 2 numbering
system (binary).
c. Introduce the students to the base 16 numbering
system (hexadecimal).
d. Compare and contrast decimal and binary counting.
e. Demonstrate decimal to binary conversion [two
methods].
f. Demonstrate binary to decimal conversion [two
methods].
g. Introduce hexadecimal to decimal conversion.
h. Discuss basic hexadecimal numbering.
i. Demonstrate hexadecimal to binary conversion.
j. Demonstrate decimal to hexadecimal conversion.
k. Demonstrate hexadecimal to decimal conversion.
l. Demonstrate binary to hexadecimal conversion.

2. Students practice number conversion exercise using

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 worksheets.
a. Students complete the worksheet exercise for binary
numbers.
b. Students complete the worksheet exercise for binary
to decimal conversion.
c. Students complete the worksheet exercise for
decimal to binary conversion.
d. Students complete the worksheet exercise for
hexadecimal conversion.

Application
MI Guided Practice (LSI Quadrant III):
1. Teacher works through the first conversion problem on each worksheet prior to
assigning the worksheet to the student for individual completion.

2. Have the students work through the second conversion problem on each
worksheet with their peers; rework if necessary.

3. Teacher assists student pairs, providing guidance as necessary or has students

volunteer to work/explain problem 2 for the class.

MI Independent Practice (LSI Quadrant III):

1. Students work independently to complete number system worksheets:
a. Students complete the worksheet exercise for binary numbers
b. Students complete the worksheet exercise for binary to decimal conversion
c. Students complete the worksheet exercise for decimal to binary conversion
d. Students complete the worksheet exercise for hexadecimal conversion

Summary

MI Review (LSI Quadrants I and IV):

1. Ask students summary questions.
a. What are the symbols used by base 2? [0, 1]
b. What are the symbols used by base 10? [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
c. What are the symbols used by base 16? [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C,
D, E, F]
d. Can you describe a method of converting a decimal number to binary?
e. Can you describe a method of converting a binary number to decimal?

2. Demonstrate [one more time] the conversion procedures the students have just
experienced.
a. Binary to decimal example
b. Decimal to binary example
c. Binary to hexadecimal example
d. Hexadecimal to binary example

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 Evaluation

MI Informal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III):

The teacher will monitor student progress during independent practice and provide
independent re-teach/redirection as needed.

MI Formal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III, IV):

Administer the Numbering Systems Exam.

Extension

MI Extension/Enrichment (LSI Quadrant IV):

1. Students that have mastered the conversion techniques can peer-tutor students
[one-on-one] that are having difficulty solving the conversions.
2. Students can show their conversion techniques on the board for the entire class
to observe.
3. Students can observe their computer’s network interface card (NIC) MAC
address in hexadecimal, and convert the MAC address to binary and decimal.

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 Personal Development
Icon MI Teaching Strategies
Strategies
Lecture, discussion, journal Reading, highlighting, outlining,
Verbal/ writing, cooperative learning, teaching others, reciting information
Linguistic word origins
Problem-solving, number Organizing material logically, explaining
Logical/ games, critical thinking, things sequentially, finding patterns,
Mathematical classifying and organizing, developing systems, outlining, charting,
Socratic questioning graphing, analyzing information
Mind-mapping, reflective Developing graphic organizers, mind-
time, graphic organizers, mapping, charting, graphing, organizing
Visual/Spatial color-coding systems, with color, mental imagery (drawing in
drawings, designs, video, the mind’s eye)
DVD, charts, maps
Use music, compose songs Creating rhythms out of words, creating
Musical/ or raps, use musical rhythms with instruments, playing an
Rhythmic language or metaphors instrument, putting words to existing
songs
Use manipulatives, hand Moving while learning, pacing while
signals, pantomime, real life reciting, acting out scripts of material,
Bodily/
situations, puzzles and board designing games, moving fingers under
Kinesthetic games, activities, role- words while reading
playing, action problems
Reflective teaching, Reflecting on personal meaning of
interviews, reflective listening, information, studying in quiet settings,
Intrapersonal KWL charts imagining experiments, visualizing
information, journaling
Cooperative learning, role- Studying in a group, discussing
Interpersonal playing, group brainstorming, information, using flash cards with
cross-cultural interactions others, teaching others

Natural objects as Connecting with nature, forming study

Naturalist manipulatives and as a groups with like-minded people
background for learning
Socratic questions, real life Considering the personal relationship to
situations, global the larger context
Existentialist problems/questions

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 Student Name:
Date:

Binary t o Decimal
This binary E quals this
number... 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 decimal number
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
128 + 64 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 255
This binary E quals this
number... 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 decimal number
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
128 + 0 + 0 + 16 + 0 + 4 + 0 + 1 = 14 9
C onvert each binary number int o a decimal number.

1. 110 0 10 0 1 = 9. 0 110 1110 =

2. 0 10 0 0 111 = 10. 0 0 0 10 111 =

3. 10 0 0 0 110 = 11. 111110 0 0 =

4. 0 0 0 10 0 0 1 = 12. 1110 0 0 10 =

5. 10 0 0 1 0 0 0 = 13. 0 0 0 1110 1 =

6. 0 0 111110 = 14. 0 110 1111 =

7. 0 10 10 10 1 = 15. 10 0 10 111 =

8. 10 10 10 10 = 16. 1110 0 10 1 =

Computer Maintenance I: Numbering Systems Binary to Decimal Worksheet

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 Binary to Decimal Key
11001001 201 01101110 110
01000111 71 00010111 23
10000110 134 11111000 248
00010001 17 11100010 226
10001000 136 00011101 29
00111110 62 01101111 111
01010101 85 10010111 151
10101010 170 11100101 229

Computer Maintenance I: Numbering Systems Binary to Decimal Key

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 Student Name:
Date:

Decimal t o Binary
151 Th is d ecim al Eq u als t h is
151 n u m b er... = b in ar y n u m b er
128 128? YE S
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
23 6432?? NN OO
1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
16 16? YE S 2
7
2
6
2
5
2
4
2
3
2
2
2
1
2
0

7 8? N O
4 4 ? YE S
3
2 2? YE S
1
1 1? YE S
0
C onvert each decimal number int o a binary number.

1. 137 = 11. 200 =

2. 128 = 12. 171=

3. 63 = 13. 150 =

4. 213 = 14. 27 =

5. 49 = 15. 19 =

6. 111= 16. 189 =

7. 24 2 = 17. 222 =

8. 192 = 18. 79 =

9. 89 = 19. 73 =

10. 2= 20. 136 =

Computer Maintenance I: Numbering Systems Decimal to Binary Worksheet

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 Decimal to Binary Key
137 10001001 200 11001000
128 10000000 171 10101011
63 00111111 150 10010110
213 11010101 27 00011011
49 00110001 19 00010011
111 01101111 189 10111101
242 11110010 222 11011110
192 11000000 79 01001111
89 01011001 73 01001001
2 00000010 136 10001000

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 Student Name:
Date:

HEXADECIMAL CONVERSIONS
INSTRUCTIONS:
Convert the following numbers to their appropriate base forms. Record your
answers in the spaces provided in the table.

BASE 10 BASE 2 BASE 16

243
10101100
AE
110110
131
3F
98
10010001
146
11000011
4D
11110001
172
E2
100100
195
31
1001111
7B
146
5A
11100000
223

Computer Maintenance I: Numbering Systems Hexadecimal Conversions

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 HEXADECIMAL CONVERSIONS
INSTRUCTIONS: Convert the following numbers to their appropriate base forms

BASE 10 BASE 2 BASE 16

243 11110011 F3
172 10101100 AC
174 10101110 AE

54 110110 36
131 10000011 83
63 111111 3F

98 11000010 62
145 10010001 91
146 10010010 92
195 11000011 C3
77 1001101 4D

241 11110001 F1
172 10101100 AC
226 11100010 E2

36 100100 24
195 11000011 C3
49 110001 31

79 1001111 4F
123 1111010 7B

146 10010010 92
90 1011010 5A

224 11100000 E0
223 11011111 DF

Computer Maintenance I: Numbering Systems Hexadecimal Conversions Key

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 Student Name:
Date:

In t rodu ct ion t o Bin ary N u m b ers

Part 1 Decimal Binary Par t 2
Fill in t he rest of N ow writ e t he
t he numbers, in 0 binary number
order.
1 for each decimal
number

Par t 3
Fill in t he decimal and
binary equivalent s of
each exponent .

Decimal Binary
0
2=
1
2=
2
2=
3
2=
4
2=
5
2=
6
2=
7
2=

32
64
128

Computer Maintenance I: Numbering Systems Introduction to Binary Systems

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 Introduction to Binary Numbers Key
Part 1 Part 2 Part 3
Decimal Binary Decimal Binary

0 0 20 1 1
1 1 21 2 10
2 10 21 4 100
3 11 23 8 1000
4 100 24 16 10000
5 101 25 32 100000
6 110 26 64 1000000
7 111 27 128 10000000
8 1000
9 1001
10 1010
11 1011
12 1100
13 1101
14 1110
15 1111
16 10000
32 100000
64 1000000
128 10000000

Computer Maintenance I: Numbering Systems Introduction to Binary Systems Key

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 Student Name:
Date:

NUMBERING SYSTEMS EXAM

DIRECTIONS:
Circle the letter that corresponds to the one (1) best answer for each of the questions below.

Question 1: All functions of a computer are based upon the use and manipulation of numbers.
Which number system is most native to a computer?

A. binary
B. decimal
C. hexadecimal
D. octal

Question 2: What is the decimal conversion of the binary number 11011001?

A. 221
B. 193
C. 217
D. 192

Question 3: What is the hexadecimal conversion of the decimal number 224?

A. F0
B. E0
C. 92
D. 9E

Question 4: What is the decimal conversion of the hexadecimal number 7F?

A. 115
B. 134
C. 201
D. 127

Question 5: What is the binary conversion of the hexadecimal number CB?

A. 10111001
B. 11100001
C. 11000100
D. 11001011

Question 6: Which binary number represents the decimal number 133?

A. 10001011
B. 11000001
C. 10000111
D. 10000101

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Question 7: What is the hexadecimal equivalent of the decimal number 241?

A. E7
B. D3
C. F1
D. A9

Question 8: What is the decimal value of the binary number 11111111?

A. 0
B. 64
C. 192
D. 255

Question 9: What is the definition of a bit?

A. the section of a network that is bounded by bridges, routers, or switches

B. a binary digit used in the binary number system, either 0 or 1
C. the interface on an internetworking device, such as a router
D. the network areas within which data packets that have collided are propagated

Question 10: Which of the following phrases best describes the decimal numbering system?

A. It is also called the Base 100 Number System.

B. It is based on powers of 1.
C. It uses the 10 symbols 0 - 9.
D. It is the same as the ASCII numbering system.

Question 11: Which numbering system is based on powers of 2?

A. octal
B. hexadecimal
C. binary
D. ASCII

Question 12: What is the decimal number 151 in binary?

A. 10010111
B. 10010110
C. 10101011
D. 10010011

Question 13: What is the binary number 11011010 in decimal?

A. 218
B. 202
C. 222
D. 186

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Question 14: Convert the decimal number 43 to Hex.

A. 2B
B. 1F
C. EF
D. 1A

Question 15: Hexadecimal is used to represent what kind of addresses?

A. IP
B. Octal
C. MAC
D. Digital

Question 16: What is 16 raised to the first power (16 1 )?

A. decimal 1
B. decimal 16
C. hex FF
D. hex 16

Question 17: Convert the decimal number 2989 to Hex.

A. FDD1
B. BAD
C. ED
D. CAD

Question 18: What is the decimal value of the hex number ABE?

A. 2750
B. 5027
C. 2570
D. 7250

Question 19: What is the hex value of the binary number 11100010?

A. D2
B. E2
C. G2
D. H20

Question 20: Which numbering system is based on powers of 10?

A. octal
B. hexadecimal
C. binary
D. decimal

Computer Maintenance I: Numbering Systems Exam

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 Numbering Systems Exam Key

Question 1: All functions of a computer are based upon the use and manipulation of numbers.
Which number system is most native to a computer?

A. binary
B. decimal
C. hexadecimal
D. octal

Question 2: What is the decimal conversion of the binary number 11011001?

A. 221
B. 193
C. 217
D. 192

Question 3: What is the hexadecimal conversion of the decimal number 224?

A. F0
B. E0
C. 92
D. 9E

Question 4: What is the decimal conversion of the hexadecimal number 7F?

A. 115
B. 134
C. 201
D. 127

Question 5: What is the binary conversion of the hexadecimal number CB?

A. 10111001
B. 11100001
C. 11000100
D. 11001011

Question 6: Which binary number represents the decimal number 133?

A. 10001011
B. 11000001
C. 10000111
D. 10000101

Question 7: What is the hexadecimal equivalent of the decimal number 241?

A. E7
B. D3
C. F1
D. A9
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Question 8: What is the decimal value of the binary number 11111111?

A. 0
B. 64
C. 192
D. 255

Question 9: What is the definition of a bit?

A. the section of a network that is bounded by bridges, routers, or switches

B. a binary digit used in the binary number system, either 0 or 1
C. the interface on an internetworking device, such as a router
D. the network areas within which data packets that have collided are propagated

Question 10: Which of the following phrases best describes the decimal numbering system?

A. It is also called the Base 100 Number System.

B. It is based on powers of 1.
C. It uses the 10 symbols 0 - 9.
D. It is the same as the ASCII numbering system.

Question 11: Which numbering system is based on powers of 2?

A. octal
B. hexadecimal
C. binary
D. ASCII

Question 12: What is the decimal number 151 in binary?

A. 10010111
B. 10010110
C. 10101011
D. 10010011

Question 13: What is the binary number 11011010 in decimal?

A. 218
B. 202
C. 222
D. 186

Question 14: Convert the decimal number 43 to Hex.

A. 2B
B. 1F
C. EF
D. 1A

Computer Maintenance I: Numbering Systems Exam Key

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Question 15: Hexadecimal is used to represent what kind of addresses?

A. IP
B. Octal
C. MAC
D. Digital

Question 16: What is 16 raised to the first power (16 1 )?

A. decimal 1
B. decimal 16
C. hex FF
D. hex 16

Question 17: Convert the decimal number 2989 to Hex.

A. FDD1
B. BAD
C. ED
D. CAD

Question 18: What is the decimal value of the hex number ABE?

A. 2750
B. 5027
C. 2570
D. 7250

Question 19: What is the hex value of the binary number 11100010?

A. D2
B. E2
C. G2
D. H20

Question 20: Which numbering system is based on powers of 10?

A. octal
B. hexadecimal
C. binary
D. decimal

Computer Maintenance I: Numbering Systems Exam Key

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