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ALGEBRAIC IDENTITIES
Max. Marks : 40 No. of Qs. 40 Time : 35 min. Date : ........./......../................
1. (a + b + c)2 – (a – b – c)2 = ?
æ 1 ö
(a) 4a(b + c) (b) 2a(b + c) 8. If x = 3 + 2 2 , then the value of ç x - ÷ is :
(c) 3a(b + c) (d) 4a(b – c) è xø
(a) 1 (b) 2
æ 1 öæ 1 öæ 2 1 öæ 2 1 ö
2. ç x + ÷ç x - ÷ ç x + 2 - 1 ÷ç x + 2 + 1÷ is equal to (c) 2 2 (d) 3 3
è x øè x øè x øè x ø
1 3 1
1 1 9. If x + = , find the value of 8x3 + 3 .
(a) x6 + (b) x8 + 4x 2 8x
x6 x8 (a) 18 (b) 36
1 1 (c) 24 (d) 16
(c) x8 + 8 (d) x6 – 1
x x6 10. If x + = 3 then the value of x18 + x12 + x6 + 1 is
x
1 (a) 0 (b) 1
3. If x + = 3 , then the value of x18 + x12 + x6 + 1 is
x (c) 2 (d) 3
(a) 0 (b) 1
1 1
(c) 2 (d) 3 11. If x4 + 4 = 119 amd x > 1, then the value of x3 – is
4. If for two real constasnts a and b, the expression ax3 + 3x2 – x x3
8x + b is exactly divisible by (x + 2) and (x – 2), then (a) 54 (b) 18
(a) a = a, b = 12 (b) a = 12, b = 2 (c) 72 (d) 36
(c) a = 2, b = – 12 (d) a = – 2, b = 12 1 1
12. If 3x + = 5, then the value of 8x3 + is :
1 1 2x 27x 3
5. If x + = 2 and x is real, then the value of x 17 + 19 is
x x 1 10
(a) 118 (b) 30
(a) 1 (b) 0 2 27
(c) 2 (d) – 2 (c) 0 (d) 1
1 1 1
6. If x2 – 3x + 1 = 0, then the value of x3 + 3 is 13. If x + = 2, x ¹ 0, then value of x2 + 3 is equal to
x x x
(a) 9 (b) 18 (a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 27 (d) 1 (c) 3 (d) 4
1 1 1 1
7. If x – = 5, then x2 + 2 is : 14. If x > 1 and x2 + = 83, then x3 – is
x x x 2 x3
(a) 5 (b) 25 (a) 764 (b) 750
(c) 27 (d) 23 (c) 756 (d) 760

1. a b c d 2. a b c d 3. a b c d 4. a b c d 5. a b c d
RESPONSE 6. a 7. 8. 9. 10.
b c d a b c d a b c d a b c d a b c d
GRID 11. a b c d 12. a b c d 13. a b c d 14. a b c d

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2 4p 1 16
1 æ 1 ö 24. If = ; p ¹ 0, then the value of p2 + 2 is :
15. If a + = 4, then the value of (a – 2)2 + ç ÷ is 2
p - 4p + 4 4 p
a -2 èa -2ø
(a) 0 (b) 2 (a) 390 (b) 392
(c) – 2 (d) 4 (c) 394 (d) 400
16. If p – 2q = 4, then the value of p3 – 8q3 – 24pq – 64 is : 2 1
25. If 4x – = 4; x ¹ 0, then 8x3– =?
(a) 2 (b) 0 3x 27x 3
(c) 3 (d) – 1 (a) 10 (b) 9
x 1 1 (c) 12 (d) 14
17. If
2
= , then the value of x3 + 3 is :
x - 2x + 1 3 x 2 2 1
26. If x- = 6; x ¹ 0, then the value of x4 + 4 is :
(a) 81 (b) 110 3 3x x
(c) 125 (d) 27 (a) 6889 (b) 6888
(c) 6887 (d) 6886
æ 1ö 1
18. If, ç x + ÷ = 4, then the value of x4 + 4 is : 1
è xø x 1
27. If x+ = 5, find the value of x2 + 2 .
(a) 64 (b) 194 x x
(c) 81 (d) 124 (a) 527 (b) 227
(c) 427 (d) 327
1 3
19. If a2 – 4a – 1 = 0, then value of a2 + 2 + 3a – is : 1 1
a a 28. If x2 + = 7, x ¹ 0, then find the value of x3 + .
(a) 25 (b) 30 x 2 x3
(c) 35 (d) 40 (a) 19 (b) 28
(c) 38 (d) 18
1 3 3
20. If 3
= a 4 + b 2 + c and a, b, c are rational 1 1
4 + 3 2 +1 29. If x + = 3, find the value of x4 + 4 .
x x
numbers, then a + b + c is equal to
(a) 0 (b) 1 (a) 42 (b) 43
(c) 2 (d) 3 (c) 45 (d) 47
1 1
1 1 30. If x + = 2.5, then find the value of x4 + 4 .
21. If x + = 3, then find the value of x2 – 2 . x x
x x
(a) 16.625 (b) 16.0625
(a) 8 2 (b) 8 3 (c) 1.6256 (d) 160.625
(c) 7 3 (d) 8 5 1 1
31. If x2 + = 38 then find the value of x – .
4 1 x2 x
22. If x + = 4; x ¹ 0, then find the value of x2 + 3 . (a) + 6 (b) – 6
x x
(c) ± 6 (d) ± 9
1 1 1 1
(a) 2 (b) 3 32. If x – = 5, then find the value of x4 + 4 .
8 8 x x
1 1 (a) 727 (b) 772
(c) 4 (d) 5
8 8 (c) 722 (d) 277

25 1 3 1
23. If x2 – 4x + 5 = 0, then find the value of x2 + . 33. If x – = 4 find the value of x - 3
x2 x x
(a) 6 (b) – 6 (a) 75 (b) 76
(c) 8 (d) 10 (c) 67 (d) 57

15. a b c d 16. a b c d 17. a b c d 18. a b c d 19. a b c d

RESPONSE 20. a b c d 21. a b c d 22. a b c d 23. a b c d 24. a b c d

25. a b c d 26. a b c d 27. a b c d 28. a b c d 29. a b c d
GRID 30. a b c d 31. a b c d 32. a b c d 33. a b c d

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37. If x2 + y2 + z2 = 525 and xy + yz + zx = 50, find the value of x
æ 1ö 1
34. If ç x + ÷ = 2, then find the value of x 3 + . + y + z.
è x ø x3 (a) 25 (b) – 25
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) ± 25 (d) 27
(c) 8 (d) 16 x2 y2 z2
38. If x + y + z = 0, then find the valueof + +
1 1 yz zx xy
35. If x + = 3 , then find the value of x 4 + . (a) 1 (b) 2
x x4 (c) 3 (d) 4
(a) 45 (b) 46 39. If a + b + c = 2s then find the value of
(c) 47 (d) 49 (s – a)3 + (s – b)3 + 3 (s – a) (s – b)c is
1 1
(a) c (b) c2
3
36. If x – = 3, then find the value of x + 3 . (c) c3 (d) 2c2
x x 2 2 2
40. If x + y + z = 10, x + y + z = 30, then find the value of
(a) 10 13 (b) 100 13 x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz.
(a) 50 (b) – 50
(c) 13 10 (d) 130 10 (c) 40 (d) – 40

RESPONSE 34. a b c d 35. a b c d 36. a b c d 37. a b c d

GRID 38. a b c d 39. a b c d 40. a b c d

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 4

HINTS & SOLUTIONS

1. (a) (a + b + c)2 – (a – b – c)2
1
= (a + b + c + a – b – c) (a + b + c – a + b + c) Þ x2 + 1 = 3x Þ x + =3
= 2a(2b + 2c) = 4a(b + c) x

æ 1 öæ 1ö 3
1 æ 1ö 1æ 1ö
2. (d) ç x + x ÷ç x - x ÷ \ x3 + = ç x + ÷ - 3x. ç x + ÷ = 27 – 3 × 3 = 18
è øè ø x3 è xø xè xø

é 2 ù 1
æ 2 1 öæ 2 1 ö æ x2 - 1 öêæ x2 + 1 ö -1ú 7. (c) x– =5
ç x + - 1 ÷ç x + + 1 ÷ =ç ÷ç ÷ x
è x 2 øè x2 ø è x2 øêëè x2 ø úû
On squaring both sides,
1 1
æ 2 1 ö éæ 4 1 öù x2 + 2
= ç x - 2 ÷ êç x + 4 + 2 –1 ÷ú 2 – 2 = 25 Þ x + = 27
x x2
è x ø ëè x øû
8. (b) x=3+2 2
æ 2 1 öæ 4 1 ö 1
= ç x - 2 ÷ç x + 4 + 1 ÷ = x6 – 6 1 1
è x øè x ø x \ =
x 3+ 2 2
1
3. (a) x+ = 3 1 3- 2 2
x ´ 3- 2 2
= = =3–2 2
Cubing both sides, 3+ 2 2 3- 2 2 9-8
æ 1ö
( 3)
1 3 1 2
x3 + + 3ç x + ÷ = Þ x3 + æ 1 ö 1
3 xø 3 + 3 3 = \ ç x- ÷ = x+ –2
x è x x
è xø
3 3
=3+2 2 +3–2 2 –2=4
1
Þ x3 + =0 1
x3 \ x- =2
x
Now,
x18 + x12 + y6 + 1= x12(x6 + 1) + 1(x6 + 1) 1 3 1
= (x12 + 1) (x6 + 1) 9. (a) x+ = Þ 2x + =3
4x 2 2x
3 æ 1 ö Cubing both sides,
= (x12 + 1). x3 ç x + 3 ÷ = 0
è x ø 1 1
8x3 + 3 + 3 × 2x ×
4. (c) P(x) = + ax3 3x2
– 8x + b 8x 2x
\ P (–2) = – 8a + 12 + 16 + b = 0
Þ – 8a + b + 28 = 0 ...(i) æ 1 ö
Þ P(2) = 8a + 12 – 16 + b = 2 ç 2x + 2x ÷ = 27
è ø
Þ 8a + b – 4 = 0 ...(ii)
By equation (i) + (ii) 1
2b + 24 = 0 Þ 8x3 + + 3 × 3 = 27
8x 3
24
Þ b= - = –12 1
2 Þ 8x3 + = 27 – 9 = 18
From equation (i),
8x 3
– 8a – 12 + 28 = 0 1
Þ – 8a = – 16 Þa = 2 10. (a) x+ = 3
x
1 Cubing both sides,
5. (c) x+ =2
x
1 æ 1ö
( 3)
3
Þ x2 – 2x + 1 = 0 x3 + 3
+ 3ç x + ÷ =
Þ (x – 1)2 = 0 Þ x = 1 x è xø
1 1 1
\ x17 + Þ x3 + + 3 3 = 3 3 Þ x3 + =0
19 = 1 + 1 = 2 3
x x x3
6. (b) x2 – 3x + 1 = 0 Now, x18 + x12 + x6 + 1

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 5
= x12 (x6 + 1) + 1(x6 + 1) = (x12 + 1) (x6 + 1) 2
æ 1ö
æ 1 ö Þ ç x - ÷ + 2 = 83
3
= (x12 + 1) . x3 ç x + ÷ =0 è xø
è x3 ø 2
æ 1ö 1
1 Þ ç x - ÷ = 83 – 2 = 81 = 92 Þ x – =9
11. (d) x4 + = 119 è xø x
x4 Cubing both sides,
2 2 3
æ 2 1 ö æ 2 1 ö æ 1ö
Þ ç x + 2 ÷ – 2 = 119 Þ ç x + 2 ÷ = 121 ç x - ÷ = 93 = 729
è x ø è x ø è xø

1 2 1 æ 1ö
2 æ 1ö Þ x3 – 3 – 3ç
x- ÷ = 729
Þ x + 2 = 11 Þ ç x - ÷ + 2 = 11 x è xø
x x è ø
1
2 Þ x3 – – 3 × 9 = 729
æ 1ö 1 x3
Þ çx- ÷ = 9 Þ x – =3
è xø x 1
Þ x3 – = 729 + 27 = 756
Cubing both sides, x3
3 1 1
æ 1ö
ç x - x ÷ = 27 15. (b) a+
a -2
= 4 Þ (a – 2) +
(a - 2)
=4–2=2
è ø
On squaring,
1 æ 1ö 1 1
Þ x3 – – 3 ç x - ÷ = 27 Þ x3 – 3 – 3 × 3 = 27 Þ (a – 2)2 + +2=4
x3 è xø x (a - 2)2
1 1
Þ x3 – = 27 + 9 = 36 Þ (a – 2)2 + =2
x3 (a - 2)2
1 16. (b) p – 2q = 4
12. (b) 3x + =5 On Cubing both sides,
2x
(p – 2q)3 = 64
2 Þ p3 – 8q3 + 3p.4q2 – 3p2.2q = 64
On multiplying both sides by , Þ p3 – 8q3 + 12pq2 – 6p2q = 64
3
Þ p3 – 8q3 – 6pq (p – 2q) = 64
1 10 Þ p3 – 8q3 – 6pq × 4 = 64
2x + = Þ p3 – 8q3 – 24pq – 64 = 0
3x 3
Cubing both sides, x 1 x 2 - 2x + 1
=
17. (b) 2 Þ =3
1 1 x - 2x + 1 3 x
Þ 8x3 + 3
+ 3 ´ 2x ´
27x 3x 1 1
Þx–2+ =3Þx+ =5
x x
æ 1 ö 1000
ç 2x + 3x ÷ = 27 On cubing both sides
è ø
1 æ 1ö
1000 20 1 x3 + + 3 ç x + ÷ = 125
1 10 1000 = - x 3
è xø
Þ 8x3 + + 2´ = Þ 8x3 + 3
27x3 3 27 27x 27 3
1
Þ x3 + = 125 – 3 × 5 = 110
1000 - 180 820 10 x3
= = = 30
27 27 27 æ 1ö
1 18. (b) çx+ x ÷ = 4
è ø
13. (b) x + =2
x On squaring both sides
Þ x2 + 1 = 2x Þ x2 – 2x + 1 = 0 Þ (x – 1)2 = 0 Þ x = 1 1
x2 + + 2 = 16
1 x2
\ x2 + 3 =1+1=2
x 1
Þ x2 + = 14
1 x2
14. (c) x2 + = 83 On squaring again
x2

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 6

1 1
x4 + 4 + 2 = 196 Þ x3 – – 3 5 = 5 5
x x3
1 1
Þ x4 + 4 = 194 Þ x3 – = 5 5 + 3 5 = 8 5
x x3
19. (b) a2 – 4a – 1 = 0
a2 – 1 = 4a 4 x2 + 4
22. (c) x+ =4 Þ =4
On dividing by a, we have x x
1 Þ x2 + 4 = 4x Þ x2 – 4x + 4 = 0
a– =4 Þ (x – 2)2 = 0 Þ x = 2
a
1 1 1
1 æ 1ö \ x2 + 3 =4+ =4
\ a2 + + 3 ça - ÷ x 8 8
a2 è aø
23. (a) x2 – 4x + 5 = 0
2 Þ x2 + 5 = 4x
æ 1ö æ 1ö Dividing both sides by x,
= ç a - ÷ + 2 + 3 ç a - ÷ = 16 + 2 + 3(4) = 30
è aø è aø
5
x+ =4
1 x
20. (a) 3 = a 3 4 + b3 2 + c Squaring both sides,
4 + 3 2 +1
2 1 25 5 25
1 x2 + 2
+ 2´ x ´ = 16 Þ x2 + 2 = 16 – 10 = 6
Þ = a.2 3 + b.2 3 +c x x x
2 1
23 + 23 +1 4p
=
1 p2 - 4p + 4
24. (b) Þ =4
p2 - 4p + 4 4 4p
æ 1 ö
ç ÷
ç 2 3 - 1÷ 2 1 p 2 - 4p + 4 p 2 4p 4
Þ = 4 × 4 = 16 Þ - + = 16
è ø p p p p
Þ = a.2 + b.2 3 + c
3
æ 1 öæ 2 1 ö
ç 3 ÷ç 3 ÷ 4 4
ç 2 - 1÷ç 2 + 2 + 1÷
3
Þp–4+ = 16 Þ p + p = 20
è øè ø p
Squaring both sides,
1 16 4
2 1 16
23 -1 p2 + 2 +2×p× = 400 Þ p2 + = 400 – 8 = 392
Þ = a.2 3 + b.2 3 + c p p p2
2 -1
[Q (a – b) (a2 + ab + b2) = a3 – b3] 2
25. (c) 4x – =4
Þ a = 0, b = 1, c = – 1 3x
a+b+c=0+1–1=0 Dividing both sides by 2,
æ 1ö 1
21. (d) First find the value of ç x - ÷ . 2x – =2
è xø 3x
2 2 3
æ 1ö æ 1ö 1 æ1ö 1 3
Q ç x - ÷ = ç x + ÷ – 4x × (Formula) Look: (2x)3 = 8x3; ç ÷ = 27 x
è x ø è x ø x è 3t ø
= (3)2 – 4 = 9 – 4 = 5 Cubing both sides,
1 1 1 æ 1 ö
\x– =± 5 8x3 – 3 – 3 × 2x × ç 2x - ÷ = 8
x 27x 3x è 3x ø
Cubing both sides, [Formula : (a – b)3 = a3 – b3 – 3ab (a – b)]
3 1 1
æ 1ö
( 5)
3
çx- x ÷ = Þ 8x3 – 3
3 – 4 = 8 Þ 8x – = 8 + 4 = 12
è ø 27x 27x 3
1
1 1 æ 1ö Here, coefficient of x4 and
Þ x3 – –3×x× çx - x ÷ = 5 5 26. (c)
x4
is 1.
x3 x è ø

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 7

2 2 2 3 2
1 1
\ Dviding x- = 6 by or multiplying by we æ 2 1 ö
3 3x 3 2 ç x + 2÷
= (7)2 Þx4 + 4 + 2 × x2 × 2 = 49
è x ø x x
get,
2 3 2 3 3 1 1 1
Þ ´ x - ´ = 6´ Þ x – =9 Þ x4 + + 2 = 49 Þ x4 + = 49 – 2 = 47
3 2 3x 2 2 x x4 x4
Squaring both sides, 1
30. (b) x + = 2.5
1 1 x
x2 + – 2 = 81 Þ x2 + = 83
x2 x2 Squaring both sides,
Squaring again, 2
æ 1ö 1 1
1 1 \ çx+ ÷ = (2.5)2 Þ x2 + 2 + 2 × x × = 6.25
x4 + 4 è xø x x
4 + 2 = 6889 Þ x + = 6889 – 2 = 6887
x x4
1
1 Þ x2 + = 6.25 – 2 = 4.25
27. (a) x+ =5 x2
x Squaring both sides again,
Squaring both sides,
2
æ 2 1 ö
æ 1 ö
2
1 1 ç x + 2 ÷ = (4.25)2
ç x+ ÷ = (5)2 Þ x + +2 x × = 25 è x ø
è xø x x
1 1
1 1 Þ x4 + 2
4 +2×x × = 18.0625
Þx+ + 2 = 25 Þ x + = 25 – 2 = 23 x x2
x x
Squaring both sides again, 1 1
Þ x4 + 4
4 = 18.0625 – 2 Þ x + = 16.0625
2 x x4
æ 1ö 1 1
ç x + ÷ = (23)2 Þ x2 + 2 + 2 × x × = 529 2
è xø x x æ 1ö 1 1
31. (c) Q ç x - ÷ = x2 + 2 – 2 × x × x = 38 – 2 = 36
è x ø x
1 1
Þ x2 + = 529 – 2 Þ x2 + = 527
x2 x2 æ 1ö
Q çx - x ÷ = ± 36 = ± 6
2 è ø
æ 1ö 1 1
28. (d) Q ç x + ÷ = x2 + 2 + 2 × x × =7+2=9
è xø x x æ 1ö
32. (a) Q çx - x ÷ = 5
è ø
æ 1ö
\ çx+ x ÷ = 9 =3 Squaring both sides,
è ø 2
Cubing both sides æ 1ö
ç x - x ÷ = (5)2
3 è ø
æ 1ö 3
ç x + x ÷ = (3) 1 1 1
è ø Þ x2 + = 25 Þ x2 + 2 = 25 + 2 = 27
2 –2×x× x
x x
1 1 æ 1ö Squaring both sides again
Þ x3 + +3×x× ç x + x ÷ = 27
x3 x è ø 2
æ 2 1 ö
1 1 ç x + 2 ÷ = (27)2
Þ x3 + + 3 × 3 = 27 Þ x3 + = 27 – 9 = 18 è x ø
x3 x3
1 1
æ 1ö Þ x4 + + 2 × x2 × = 729
29. (d) Q ç x + ÷ = 3 x4 x2
è xø
1 1
2 Þ x4 + 4
4 + 2 = 729 Þ x + = 729 – 2
æ 1ö x x4
\ ç x + ÷ = (3)2
è xø
1
Þ x4 + = 727
1 1 1 x4
x2 + +2×x× = 9 Þ x2 + 2 = 9 – 2 = 7
x2 x x 1
Squaring both sides again, 33. (b) Q x– =4
x

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 8
Cubing both sides, 2 2
æ 1ö æ 1ö 1
æ 1ö
3 Q ç x + ÷ = ç x - ÷ + 4 ´ x ´ (Formula)
è xø è xø x
ç x - x ÷ = (4)3
è ø = (3)2 + 4
= 9 + 4 = 13
1 1æ 1ö
Þ x3 - - 3 ´ x ´ ç x - ÷ = 64 1
3 x xø
x è \ x+ = ± 13
x
3 1 æ 1ö 1 Cubing both sides
Þ x - - 3 ç x - ÷ = 64 Þ x 3 - - 3 ´ 4 = 64
x è xø x3 3
æ 1ö 3
1 ç x + x ÷ = ( 3)
3
Þ x - 3 = 64 + 12 = 76 è ø
x 1 1æ 1ö
\ x3 + + 3 ´ x ´ ç x + ÷ = 13 13
3 x xø
æ 1ö x è
34. (a) Q çx+ x ÷ = 2
è ø
3 1
Cubing both sides, Þ x + 3 + 13 13 = 13 13
x
3
æ 1ö
ç x + x ÷ = (2)3 3 1 3 1
è ø Þ x + 3 = 13 13 - 13 13 Þ x + 3 = 10 13
x x
3 1 1 æ 1ö 37. (c) Q (x + y + z)2 = x2 + y2 + z2 + 2 (xy + yz + zx)
Þ x + 3 +3×x× çx + x ÷ = 8 = 525 + 2 × 50
x x è ø = 525 + 100 = 625
3 1 3 1 \ x + y + z = ± 625 = ±25
Þ x + 3 + 3´ 2 = 8 \ x + 3 = 8 - 6 = 2
x x 38. (c) Q x+y+z=0
\ x3 + y3 + z3 = 3xyz ....(Formula)
1
35. (c) Q x+ =3
x x3 y3 z3
\ + + =3
Squaring both sides, xyz xyz xyz
2 (Dividing by x y z)
æ 1ö 2
ç x + x ÷ = (3) x 2 y2 z2
è ø + + =3
Þ
yz xz xy
2 1 1
Þ x + 2 + 2´ x ´ = 9 39. (c) a + b + c = 2s
x x c = 2s – a – b = (s – a) – (s – b)
\ (s – a)3 + (s – b)3 + 3 (s – a) (s – b)c
2 1
Þ x + 2 +2=9 = (s – a)3 + (s – b)3+ 3 (s – a) (s – b) [(s – a) + (s – b)]
x (Put the value of c)
= [(s – a) + (s – b)]3 = (2s – a – b)3
2 1
Þ x + 2 =9–2=7 (a + b + c – a – b)3 = c3 (Put the value of 2s)
x 40. (b) Q x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz = (x + y + z) (x2 + y2 + z2 – xy – yz
Squaring again, – zx) (Formula)
We do not know the value of xy + yz + zx. Firs find it.
2
æ 2 1 ö 4 1 2 1 Q (x + y + z)2 = x2 + y2 + z2 + 2 (xy + yz + zx) (Formula)
ç x + 2 ÷ = (7)2 Þ x + 4 + 2 ´ x ´ 2 = 49 (10)2 = 30 + 2 (xy + yz + zx)
è x ø x x
Þ 2(xy + yz + zx) = 100 – 30 = 70
4 1 4 1 70
Þ x + 4 + 2 = 49 Þ x + 4 = 49 – 2 = 47 \ xy + yz + zx = = 35
x x 2
\ x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz
1 = (x + y + z) (x2 + y2 + z2 – xy – yz – zx)
36. (a) We should determine the value fo x + first.
x = 10(30 – 35) = – 50
(a + b)2 = (a – b)2 + 4ab (By formula)

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