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Results and Calculation: 3 - (Aq) - (Aq) + (Aq) 3 - (Aq) 2 (Aq)

The document provides results and calculations from an experiment involving titration of sodium thiosulfate solution against a sample of bleach. Key results include: - The average molarity of the sodium thiosulfate solution was determined to be 0.1080 M. - Three samples of bleach were titrated against the sodium thiosulfate solution. This allowed calculation of the moles of hypochlorite ion (OCl-) in each sample. - The average moles of OCl- in 10 mL of the bleach sample was calculated to be 2.034 x 10-4 moles. - From this, the mass percent of NaClO in the bleach was determined to be 0

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68 views

Results and Calculation: 3 - (Aq) - (Aq) + (Aq) 3 - (Aq) 2 (Aq)

The document provides results and calculations from an experiment involving titration of sodium thiosulfate solution against a sample of bleach. Key results include: - The average molarity of the sodium thiosulfate solution was determined to be 0.1080 M. - Three samples of bleach were titrated against the sodium thiosulfate solution. This allowed calculation of the moles of hypochlorite ion (OCl-) in each sample. - The average moles of OCl- in 10 mL of the bleach sample was calculated to be 2.034 x 10-4 moles. - From this, the mass percent of NaClO in the bleach was determined to be 0

Uploaded by

myzna_husna_90788547
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RESULTS AND CALCULATION

A. Standardisation of the Sodium Thiosulphate Solution

Rough 1 2
Final reading of thiosulphate
32.00 28.20 27.60
solution (mL)
Initial reading of thiosulphate
4.20 0.30 0.00
solution (mL)
Volume of thiosulphate solution
27.80 27.90 27.60
(mL)

IO3-(aq) + 8I-(aq) + 6H+(aq) → 3I3-(aq) + H2O(aq) (5)

1 mole of IO3- = 3 mole of I3-

Molarity of IO3- = __Mole of IO3-__


Volume of IO3-

0.01 M = __Mole of IO3-__


Mole of IO3- 0.05 L

Mole of IO3- = 0.01 M X 0.05 L


= 0.0005 mol IO3-

Mole of IO3- = __3 mole of I3-__ X 0.0005 mol IO3-


1 mole of IO3-
Mole of I3-
= 0.0015 mol I3-
2S2O32-(aq) + I3-(aq) → 3I-(aq) + S4O62-(aq) (6)

1 mole of I3- = 2 mole of S2O32-

Mole of S2O32- = __2 mole of S2O32-__ X 0.0015 mol I3-


1 mole of I3-
Mole of S2O32-
= 0.003 mol S2O32-

Rough
Molarity of S2O32- = __Mole of S2O32-__
Volume of S2O32-

= 0.003 mol
Molarity of S2O32- 0.0278 L

= 0.1079 M

Titration 1
Molarity of S2O32- = __Mole of S2O32-__
Volume of S2O32-

= 0.003 mol
Molarity of S2O32- 0.0279 L

= 0.1075 M

Titration 2
Molarity of S2O32- = __Mole of S2O32-__
Volume of S2O32-

= 0.003 mol
Molarity of S2O32- 0.0276 L

= 0.1087 M
Average Molarity of S2O32- = 0.1079 M + 0.1075 M + 0.1087 M
3

= 0.1080 M
B. Analysis of Bleach

Brand of Bleach I = Cocorex

1. Molarity of Na2S2O3 solution = 0.01080 M

2. Mass of volumetric flask + 10 mL bleach = 59.6224 g

3. Mass of volumetric flask = 49.1305 g

4. Mass of 10 mL bleach = 10.5189 g

5. Density of bleach = 1.0519 g

Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3


Final reading of thiosulphate solution (mL) 4.00 7.60 11.30
Initial reading of thiosulphate solution (mL)t 0.00 4.00 7.60
Volume of thiosulphate solution (mL) 4.00 3.60 3.70
Moles of Na2S2O3 4.320 X 10-4 3.888 X 10-4 3.996 X 10-4
Moles of NaClO in 10 mL aliquot 0.1413 0.1413 0.1413
Moles of NaClO in 100 mL aliquot 1.4129 1.4129 1.4129
Moles of NaClO in 10 mL bleach sample 2.160 X 10-4 1.944 X 10-4 1.998 X 10-4
Average moles of NaClO in 10 mL bleach
2.034 X 10-4
sample
Gram/L of NaClO in bleach (g/L) 1.514
Mass percent of NaClO in bleach 0.14 %
Mass percent of NaClO from manufacturer’s
5.25 %
label
Percent deviation between experimental and
2.67 %
label values
Sample 1

Na2S2O3 → 2Na+ + S2O32- (7)

1 mole of S2O32- = 1 mole of Na2S2O3

Mole of Na2S2O3 = MNa2S2O3 X VNa2S2O3


= 0.1080 mol/L X 0.004 L
Mole of Na2S2O3
= 4.32 X 10-4 mol

Density = 10.5189 g
10 mL
Density of bleach
= 1.0519 g/mL

Weight = 1.0519 g/mL X 10 mL


Weight of NaClO in 10
= 10.519 g
mL aliquot

Mole = __10.519 g__


74.45 g/mol
Mole of NaClO in 10
mL aliquot = 0.1413 mol

Weight = 1.0519 g/mL X 100 mL


Weight of NaClO in
= 105.19 g
100 mL aliquot

Mole = __105.19 g__


74.45 g/mol
Mole of NaClO in 100
mL aliquot = 1.4129 mol

2S2O32-(aq) + I2(aq) → 2I-(aq) + S4O62-(aq) (8)

1 mole of I2 = 2 mole of S2O32-


Mole of I2 = __1 mole of I2__ X 4.32 X 10-4 mol of S2O32-
2 mole of S2O32-
Mole of I2
= 2.16 X 10-4 mol I2

OCl-(aq) + 2I- + 3H3O+(aq) → I2(aq) + Cl-(aq) + H2O(l) (9)

1 mole of I2 = 1 mole of ClO-

NaClO → Na+ + ClO- (10)

1 mole of ClO- = 1 mole NaClO

Mole of ClO- = __1 mole of ClO-_ X 2.16 X 10-4 mol of I2


1 mole of I2
Mole of ClO-
= 2.16 X 10-4 mol I2

Sample 2

Na2S2O3 → 2Na+ + S2O32- (11)

1 mole of S2O32- = 1 mole of Na2S2O3

Mole of Na2S2O3 = MNa2S2O3 X VNa2S2O3


= 0.1080 mol/L X 0.0036 L
Mole of Na2S2O3
= 3.888 X 10-4 mol

Density = 10.5189 g
10 mL
Density of bleach
= 1.0519 g/mL

Weight = 1.0519 g/mL X 10 mL


Weight of NaClO in 10
= 10.519 g
mL aliquot
Mole = __10.519 g__
74.45 g/mol
Mole of NaClO in 10
mL aliquot = 0.1413 mol

Weight = 1.0519 g/mL X 100 mL


Weight of NaClO in
= 105.19 g
100 mL aliquot

Mole = __105.19 g__


74.45 g/mol
Mole of NaClO in 100
mL aliquot = 1.4129 mol

2S2O32-(aq) + I2(aq) → 2I-(aq) + S4O62-(aq) (12)

1 mole of I2 = 2 mole of S2O32-

Mole of I2 = __1 mole of I2_ X 3.888 X 10-4 mol of S2O32-


2 mole of S2O32-
Mole of I2
= 1.944 X 10-4 mol I2

OCl-(aq) + 2I- + 3H3O+(aq) → I2(aq) + Cl-(aq) + H2O(l) (13)

1 mole of I2 = 1 mole of ClO-

NaClO → Na+ + ClO- (14)

1 mole of ClO- = 1 mole NaClO

Mole of ClO- = __1 mole of ClO-_ X 1.944 X 10-4 mol of I2


1 mole of I2
Mole of ClO-
= 1.944 X 10-4 mol I2
Sample 3

Na2S2O3 → 2Na+ + S2O32- (15)

1 mole of S2O32- = 1 mole of Na2S2O3

Mole of Na2S2O3 = MNa2S2O3 X VNa2S2O3


= 0.1080 mol/L X 0.0037 L
Mole of Na2S2O3
= 3.996 X 10-4 mol

Density = 10.5189 g
10 mL
Density of bleach
= 1.0519 g/mL

Weight = 1.0519 g/mL X 10 mL


Weight of NaClO in 10
= 10.519 g
mL aliquot

Mole = __10.519 g__


74.45 g/mol
Mole of NaClO in 10
mL aliquot = 0.1413 mol

Weight = 1.0519 g/mL X 100 mL


Weight of NaClO in
= 105.19 g
100 mL aliquot

Mole = __105.19 g__


74.45 g/mol
Mole of NaClO in 100
mL aliquot = 1.4129 mol

2S2O32-(aq) + I2(aq) → 2I-(aq) + S4O62-(aq) (16)

1 mole of I2 = 2 mole of S2O32-


Mole of I2 = __1 mole of I2_ X 3.996 X 10-4 mol of S2O32-
2 mole of S2O32-
Mole of I2
= 1.998 X 10-4 mol I2

OCl-(aq) + 2I- + 3H3O+(aq) → I2(aq) + Cl-(aq) + H2O(l) (17)

1 mole of I2 = 1 mole of ClO-

NaClO → Na+ + ClO- (18)

1 mole of ClO- = 1 mole NaClO

Mole of ClO- = __1 mole of ClO-_ X 1.998 X 10-4 mol of I2


1 mole of I2
Mole of ClO-
= 1.998 X 10-4 mol I2

(2.160 X 10-4) + (1.944 X 10-4) + (1.998 X 10-4)


Average moles of 3
NaClO in 10 mL bleach
= 2.034 X 10-4 mol NaClO
sample

Mass = 2.034 X 10-4 mol X 74.45 g/mol


Mass of NaClO = 0.01514 g

Gram/L of NaClO = 0.01514 g


Gram/L of NaClO in 0.01 L

bleach = 1.514 g/L

0.01514 g X 100 %
10.5189 g
Mass percent of NaClO
in bleach = 0.14 %
0.14 % X 100 %
Percent deviation 5.25 %
between experimental
= 2.67 %
and label value
Brand of Bleach II = Dobi

1. Molarity of Na2S2O3 solution = 0.01080 M

2. Mass of volumetric flask + 10 mL bleach = 53.1188 g

3. Mass of volumetric flask = 43.1123 g

4. Mass of 10 mL bleach = 10.0065 g

5. Density of bleach = 1.00065 g

Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3


Final reading of thiosulphate solution (mL) 4.20 8.20 12.10
Initial reading of thiosulphate solution (mL)t 0.00 4.20 8.20
Volume of thiosulphate solution (mL) 4.20 4.00 3.90
Moles of Na2S2O3 4.536 X 10-4 4.320 X 10-4 4.212 X 10-4
Moles of NaClO in 10 mL aliquot 0.1344 0.1344 0.1344
Moles of NaClO in 100 mL aliquot 1.3441 1.3441 1.3441
Moles of NaClO in 10 mL bleach sample 2.268 X 10-4 2.160 X 10-4 2.106 X 10-4
Average moles of NaClO in 10 mL bleach
2.178 X 10-4
sample
Gram/L of NaClO in bleach (g/L) 1.6215
Mass percent of NaClO in bleach 0.16 %
Mass percent of NaClO from manufacturer’s
5.25 %
label
Percent deviation between experimental and
3.05 %
label values
Sample 1

Na2S2O3 → 2Na+ + S2O32- (19)

1 mole of S2O32- = 1 mole of Na2S2O3

Mole of Na2S2O3 = MNa2S2O3 X VNa2S2O3


= 0.1080 mol/L X 0.0042 L
Mole of Na2S2O3
= 4.536 X 10-4 mol

Density = 10.0065 g
10 mL
Density of bleach
= 1.00065 g/mL

Weight = 1.00065 g/mL X 10 mL


Weight of NaClO in 10
= 10.0065 g
mL aliquot

Mole = __10.0065 g__


74.45 g/mol
Mole of NaClO in 10
mL aliquot = 0.1344 mol

Weight = 1.00065 g/mL X 100 mL


Weight of NaClO in
= 100.065 g
100 mL aliquot

Mole = __100.065 g__


74.45 g/mol
Mole of NaClO in 100
mL aliquot = 1.3441 mol

2S2O32-(aq) + I2(aq) → 2I-(aq) + S4O62-(aq) (20)

1 mole of I2 = 2 mole of S2O32-


Mole of I2 = __1 mole of I2__ X 4.536 X 10-4 mol of S2O32-
2 mole of S2O32-
Mole of I2
= 2.268 X 10-4 mol I2

OCl-(aq) + 2I- + 3H3O+(aq) → I2(aq) + Cl-(aq) + H2O(l) (21)

1 mole of I2 = 1 mole of ClO-

NaClO → Na+ + ClO- (22)

1 mole of ClO- = 1 mole NaClO

Mole of ClO- = __1 mole of ClO-_ X 2.268 X 10-4 mol of I2


1 mole of I2
Mole of ClO-
= 2.268 X 10-4 mol I2

Sample 2

Na2S2O3 → 2Na+ + S2O32- (23)

1 mole of S2O32- = 1 mole of Na2S2O3

Mole of Na2S2O3 = MNa2S2O3 X VNa2S2O3


= 0.1080 mol/L X 0.0040 L
Mole of Na2S2O3
= 4.320 X 10-4 mol

Density = 10.0065 g
10 mL
Density of bleach
= 1.00065 g/mL

Weight = 1.00065 g/mL X 10 mL


Weight of NaClO in 10
= 10.0065 g
mL aliquot
Mole = __10.0065 g__
74.45 g/mol
Mole of NaClO in 10
mL aliquot = 0.1344 mol

Weight = 1.00065 g/mL X 100 mL


Weight of NaClO in
= 100.065 g
100 mL aliquot

Mole = __100.065 g__


74.45 g/mol
Mole of NaClO in 100
mL aliquot = 1.3441 mol

2S2O32-(aq) + I2(aq) → 2I-(aq) + S4O62-(aq) (24)

1 mole of I2 = 2 mole of S2O32-

Mole of I2 = __1 mole of I2_ X 4.320 X 10-4 mol of S2O32-


2 mole of S2O32-
Mole of I2
= 2.160 X 10-4 mol I2

OCl-(aq) + 2I- + 3H3O+(aq) → I2(aq) + Cl-(aq) + H2O(l) (25)

1 mole of I2 = 1 mole of ClO-

NaClO → Na+ + ClO- (26)

1 mole of ClO- = 1 mole NaClO

Mole of ClO- = __1 mole of ClO-_ X 2.160 X 10-4 mol of I2


1 mole of I2
Mole of ClO-
= 2.160 X 10-4 mol I2
Sample 3

Na2S2O3 → 2Na+ + S2O32- (27)

1 mole of S2O32- = 1 mole of Na2S2O3

Mole of Na2S2O3 = MNa2S2O3 X VNa2S2O3


= 0.1080 mol/L X 0.0039 L
Mole of Na2S2O3
= 4.212 X 10-4 mol

Density = 10.0065 g
10 mL
Density of bleach
= 1.00065 g/mL

Weight = 1.00065 g/mL X 10 mL


Weight of NaClO in 10
= 10.0065 g
mL aliquot

Mole = __10.0065 g__


74.45 g/mol
Mole of NaClO in 10
mL aliquot = 0.1344 mol

Weight = 1.00065 g/mL X 100 mL


Weight of NaClO in
= 100.065 g
100 mL aliquot

Mole = __100.065 g__


74.45 g/mol
Mole of NaClO in 100
mL aliquot = 1.3441 mol

2S2O32-(aq) + I2(aq) → 2I-(aq) + S4O62-(aq) (28)

1 mole of I2 = 2 mole of S2O32-


Mole of I2 = __1 mole of I2_ X 4.212 X 10-4 mol of S2O32-
2 mole of S2O32-
Mole of I2
= 2.106 X 10-4 mol I2

OCl-(aq) + 2I- + 3H3O+(aq) → I2(aq) + Cl-(aq) + H2O(l) (29)

1 mole of I2 = 1 mole of ClO-

NaClO → Na+ + ClO- (30)

1 mole of ClO- = 1 mole NaClO

Mole of ClO- = __1 mole of ClO-_ X 2.106 X 10-4 mol of I2


1 mole of I2
Mole of ClO-
= 2.106 X 10-4 mol I2

(2.268 X 10-4) + (2.160 X 10-4) + (2.106 X 10-4)


Average moles of 3
NaClO in 10 mL bleach
= 2.178 X 10-4 mol NaClO
sample

Mass = 2.178 X 10-4 mol X 74.45 g/mol


Mass of NaClO = 0.01622 g

Gram/L of NaClO = 0.01622 g


Gram/L of NaClO in 0.01 L

bleach = 1.6215 g/L

0.01622 g X 100 %
10.0065 g
Mass percent of NaClO
in bleach = 0.16 %
0.16 % X 100 %
Percent deviation 5.25 %
between experimental
= 3.05 %
and label value
C. Analysis of Copper(II) Unknown

Molarity of Na2S2O3 = 0.1080 M

Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3


Mass of copper(II) compound taken (g) 0.3038 0.3042 0.3064
Final reading of thiosulphate solution (mL) 11.00 22.00 33.70
Initial reading of thiosulphate solution (mL) 0.10 11.00 22.00
Volume of thiosulphate solution (mL) 10.90 11.00 11.70
Moles of Na2S2O3 1.1772 X 10-3 1.1880 X 10-3 1.2636 X 10-3
Moles of Cu2+ 1.1772 X 10-3 1.1880 X 10-3 1.2636 X 10-3
Gram of Cu2+ (g) 0.07481 0.07549 0.08030
Weight percent of copper in sample taken 24.62 % 24.82 % 26.21 %
Average weight percent of copper in sample 25.22 %
Theoretical mass percent of copper in
25.45 %
compound
Percent error 99.10 %
Name of unknown copper(II) unknown Copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate
Chemical formula of copper(II) unknown CuSO4•5H2O

2Cu2+ + 2I- + 2S2O32- → 2CuI + S4O62- (31)

2 mole of S2O32- = 2 mole Cu2+

Sample 1
Mole of S2O32- = M X V
= 0.1080 mol/L X 0.0109 L
Mole of S2O32-
= 1.1772 X 10-3 mol

Mole of Cu2+ = _1 mole of Cu2+_ X 1.1772 X 10-3 mol of S2O32-


1 mole of S2O32-
Mole of Cu2+
= 1.1772 X 10-3 mol Cu2+
Mass = 1.1772 X 10-3 mol X 63.546 g/mol
Mass of Cu2+ = 0.07481 g

0.07481 g X 100 %
0.3038 g
Weight percent of
copper in sample taken = 24.62 %

Sample 2
Mole of S2O32- = M X V
= 0.1080 mol/L X 0.0110 L
Mole of S2O32-
= 1.1880 X 10-3 mol

Mole of Cu2+ = _1 mole of Cu2+_ X 1.1880 X 10-3 mol of S2O32-


1 mole of S2O32-
Mole of Cu2+
= 1.1772 X 10-3 mol Cu2+

Mass = 1.1880 X 10-3 mol X 63.546 g/mol


Mass of Cu2+ = 0.07549 g

0.07549 g X 100 %
0.3042 g
Weight percent of
copper in sample taken = 24.82 %

Sample 3
Mole of S2O32- = M X V
= 0.1080 mol/L X 0.0117 L
Mole of S2O32-
= 1.2636 X 10-3 mol

Mole of Cu2+ = _1 mole of Cu2+_ X 1.2636 X 10-3 mol of S2O32-


Mole of Cu2+ 1 mole of S2O32-

= 1.2636 X 10-3 mol Cu2+


Mass = 1.2636 X 10-3 mol X 63.546 g/mol
Mass of Cu2+ = 0.08030 g

0.08030 g X 100 %
0.3064 g
Weight percent of
copper in sample taken = 26.21 %

Average weight percent 24.62 % + 24.82 % + 26.21 %


of copper in compound 3

= 25.22 %

Theoretical mass 1) Copper(II) acetate monohydrate [Cu(CH3COO)2.H2O]


percent of copper in _______63.546 g/mol Cu2+_____ X 100 %
compound 199.65 g/mol Cu(CH3COO)2.H2O

= 31.83 %

2) Copper(II) chloride dihydrate [CuCl2.2H2O]


___63.546 g/mol Cu2+___ X 100 %
170.48 g/mol CuCl2.2H2O

= 37.27 %

3) Copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate [CuSO4.5H2O]


_____63.546 g/mol Cu2+___ X 100 %
249.685 g/mol CuSO4.5H2O

= 25.45 %

Percent error Percent error = 25.22 % X 100%


25.45 %

= 99.10 %

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