Algebra: Jump To Navigationjump To Search
Algebra: Jump To Navigationjump To Search
The quadratic formula expresses the solution of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a is not zero, in terms of
its coefficients a, b and c.
Algebra (from Arabic "al-jabr", literally meaning "reunion of broken parts"[1]) is one of the broad
parts of mathematics, together with number theory, geometry and analysis. In its most general form,
algebra is the study of mathematical symbols and the rules for manipulating these symbols;[2] it is a
unifying thread of almost all of mathematics.[3] It includes everything from elementary equation
solving to the study of abstractions such as groups, rings, and fields. The more basic parts of
algebra are called elementary algebra; the more abstract parts are called abstract algebra or modern
algebra. Elementary algebra is generally considered to be essential for any study of mathematics,
science, or engineering, as well as such applications as medicine and economics. Abstract algebra
is a major area in advanced mathematics, studied primarily by professional mathematicians.
Elementary algebra differs from arithmetic in the use of abstractions, such as using letters to stand
for numbers that are either unknown or allowed to take on many values.[4] For example, in the
letter is unknown, but the law of inverses can be used to discover its value: . In E = mc2,
the letters and are variables, and the letter is a constant, the speed of light in a
vacuum. Algebra gives methods for writing formulas and solving equations that are much clearer
and easier than the older method of writing everything out in words.
The word algebra is also used in certain specialized ways. A special kind of mathematical object in
abstract algebra is called an "algebra", and the word is used, for example, in the phrases linear
algebra and algebraic topology.
A mathematician who does research in algebra is called an algebraist.