Chapter Chemical Reactions and Equations Basic Concepts — A Flow Chart Chemical} reaction Process in whigh one or mone ‘substances react to form new ‘Chemical equation Shorthand notation of chemical reaction in terms of the symbols, formulae and the ratio of he number of various reactants ‘and products involved Combination Decomposition Displacement reaction reaction reaction Mebbtrnre evbsticas “Th Break down'ofa | Ove alom ora group of sla ala feadirsoyh ai arreor ‘single compound into two: is replaced by another atom or group of elec oareeees CASOulen + Fol) —=FesOule + Cu) 2040) + Hp0X")—CalOHtoa) sate prot Thermal Electric Photo decomposition decomposition decomposition ‘Asingle substance breaks down single substance breaks down single substance breaks down Into two or more simpler into simpler substances upon info simpler substances in substances upon heating aseage of elctic current ‘presence of sunlight aCOsls) #4 Ca0K) + COs) 2H,0(n SRO 244,45) + One) 2Agcis) SAH. 2Ag(n) + CitedChemical Reactions and Equations == 3 ‘Types on the basis of heat transfer Endothermic Exothermic reaction reaction ‘© Reactions in which energy is Reactions in which heat is released absorbed ‘along with the formation of products All reactions CH,le) + 20,{g) — CO;(e) + 2H,0(e) + Heat en ecommpostion ration Hale) + 20218) a(e) + 2H,0(e) ergy Double ‘Oxidation-reduction displacement reaction (redox) reaction “Two reacting compounds exchange thle I correspending fons and form two new compounds AaNCalor* NacKoa) — Ag) + NaNOsag) es aren = ie, Boos caer ee ar ha Arcee el pcetrcie cnn Eni apomn tome Lem toupee acess : rere, Ge0 + Hy Heat by 0 Con: tfoen Dang Sain Hh eye = everyday ie amar ir ‘Stow conversion of mais no tho undesabia non ffs or tata commeaunds (alphas brtoraton srteh ae) imicoaresbng treed ty iebrcton St mosphere pears ant abe aaah Ble) $OnayesH,O() =—~ Fesoy tO) Gee eet Woiheds of Mathods of Seen prevention — ao SS Dyeaang ee feral = Rotgeron ‘greasing coating plating” (zinc plating) MY arlcnidanta packing) Dyatosen eeeQ4 Ans. Q5. Ans. Q.6 Ans. Q7. Qs. Ans. Q% Xam idea Science-X: Term-I is (1: mark) Why is combustion of Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) a chemical change? . Combustion of Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a chemical change because after its combustion, the new substance formed changes chemically and cannot be turned back into LPG. . Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air? [CERT] . The magnesium ribbon which we use usually has a coating of a white layer of magnesium oxide on its surface. It is formed by the slow reaction of moist air on it. ‘This hinders the burning of magnesium. So, this layer is removed by rubbing with sandpaper before burning. . What is wrong with the following equation? Mg + O—> MgO Identify the mistake and balance the equation. In this equation, oxygen should be in molecular form (Og) as oxygen exists as: bimolecular gas O». 2Mg + Op —> 2MgO Potassium chlorate (KCIOs) on heating forms potassium chloride and oxygen. Write a balanced equation for this reaction. 2KCIO4(s) —> 2KCIs) + 302g) In the refining of silver, the recovery of silver from silver nitrate solution involved displacement by copper metal. Write down the reaction involved. [NCERT] Cu(s) + 2AgNO4 (ag) —> Cu(NOs) (aq) + 2Ag(9) ‘Copper Silver nitrate Copper(II) nitrate Silver On heating blue coloured powder of copper(II) nitrate in a boiling tube, copper oxide (black), oxygen gas and a brown gas X is formed. Identify the: brown gas X. 2Cu(NO 5) 9(s) 2 2uO(s) +Oo(g) + 4NO2(g) Copper(Il) nitrate Copper oxide X is nitrogen dioxide gas. Convey the following information in the form of a balanced chemical equation: “An aqueous solution of ferrous sulphate reacts with an aqueous solution sodium hydroxide to form a precipitate of ferrous hydroxide and sodium sulphate remains in solution.” FeSO (ag) + 2NaOH(ag)—> Fe(OH) 9(s) + NagSO,4(aq) Balance the following chemical equation: PH(NO 5)2(s) 2» PbO(s) + NO 2(g) + O2(g) [CBSE Dethi 2009} 2Pb(NO3)o(s) —HS> 2PbO(s) + 4NO2(g) + O2(g) Give one example of a combination reaction which is also exothermic. [CBSE Delhi 2009}