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Fuzzy Logic Based MPPT For Grid Connected PV Systems

This document describes a project to design a fuzzy logic based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller for a grid-connected solar photovoltaic system. The objectives are to maximize solar energy extraction and reduce harmonics generated by inverters. A literature review found that fuzzy logic is suitable for MPPT. The methodology models the system in Matlab/Simulink and implements a fuzzy inference MPPT algorithm on a microcontroller. Results show the fuzzy logic MPPT increases power extracted from the PV array independent of conditions. Future work could develop better fuzzy algorithms and modularly implement MPPT with high-end processors.

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72 views3 pages

Fuzzy Logic Based MPPT For Grid Connected PV Systems

This document describes a project to design a fuzzy logic based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller for a grid-connected solar photovoltaic system. The objectives are to maximize solar energy extraction and reduce harmonics generated by inverters. A literature review found that fuzzy logic is suitable for MPPT. The methodology models the system in Matlab/Simulink and implements a fuzzy inference MPPT algorithm on a microcontroller. Results show the fuzzy logic MPPT increases power extracted from the PV array independent of conditions. Future work could develop better fuzzy algorithms and modularly implement MPPT with high-end processors.

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hellohellokk
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FUZZY LOGIC BASED MPPT FOR GRID CONNECTED PV

SYSTEMS

PROJECT REFERENCE NO.: 40S_BE_0665

COLLEGE : SAI VIDYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BENGALURU


BRNACH : DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
GUIDE : PROF. SUKUMAR S.J.
STUDENTS : MS. ROJA
MR. AVINASH S.R.
MR. SHANKAR M.
MR. VARUN M.

Introduction:
The installation of solar photovoltaic system is costly. Therefore tapping maximum energy
from an installed system is a technical and economical challenge. Due to the ill defined nature of the
unpredictable environment, the Artificial Intelligence based methods have found to outperform the
conventional methods to track the maximum power point compared to other conventional MPPT
algorithms like hill climbing, incremental conductance, PI and perturbation- observation methods.
Hence so many number of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) methods have been envisaged
by the technical community, each of which has its own advantages and limitations. Fuzzy Logic is
found to be suitable method to implement an MPPT system for a photovoltaic source. By using
which high accuracy around the optimum point can be achieved to effectively and efficiently harness
the maximum power. Further if it is possible to mitigate the harmonics generated by the inverters in a
grid tied system to some good possible extent, with minimum conditioning the power can be
deployed without transformers.

Objectives:
The main objective of the proposed project is to design the Maximum Power Point Tracking
Controller for a grid connected Solar Photovoltaic System implemented by Fuzzy Logic method
based Artificial Intelligence approach. The proposed project focuses on some known problems and
challenges for transformer less inverters. Topologies without transformers have big advantages like
low weight, volume and cost. Eliminating the leakage current is one of the most important issues for
transformer less inverters in grid-connected photovoltaic system applications, where the technical
challenge is how to keep the system common-mode voltage constant to reduce the leakage current.
To realize better utilization of PV modules and maximize the solar energy extraction, a fuzzy logic
based distributed maximum power point tracking control scheme is applied to both single- and three-
phase multilevel inverters, which allows independent control of each dc-link voltage from the boost
converter. For three-phase grid-connected applications, PV mismatches may introduce power quality
issues as unbalanced power supply is leading to introduction of harmonics in the grid to which it is
tied. Control strategies structures applied to decentralized power generator is based on power direct
control employing a controller for the dc link voltage and a controller to regulate the injected current
to the utility network. The system components and power control scheme are modeled in terms of
dynamic behaviors. An improved MPPT converter with current compensation method for small-
scaled PV-applications is proposed. The proposed method implements maximum power point
tracking (MPPT) by variable reference current and voltage, which is continuously changed during
one sampling period. The project implements fuzzy logic based maximum power point tracking
algorithm for photovoltaic arrays. The algorithm detects the maximum power point of the PV. The
computed power is used as a reference value of the control system. The proposed MPPT has several
advantages viz. simplicity, high convergence speed, and independent of PV array characteristics.

Methodology:
The proposed project makes a study of the harmonic profile of Grid connected PV system for
different MPPT methods including perturbation & observation incremental conductance and Fuzzy
logic controller. The PV simulation system used in this project is set up under Matlab/Simulink
environment. After accomplishing the model of PV modules, the and fuzzy rule MPPT systems are
combined with it to complete the PV simulation system. The proposed fuzzy MPPT sets the
optimum DC bus voltage reference for the inverter which indeed the output of dc–dc boost
converter. The DC link intern connected to a inverter whose output is connected to the grid.
Maximum Power Point Tracking control for photovoltaic power systems is implemented by
fuzzy inference method. A Rule-Based Fuzzy Logic Controller and a PWM Inverter in Photo-voltaic
Energy Conversion Scheme is hardware implemented by microcontroller. Block diagram of the
project is as shown in the figure below.

The algorithm to change the duty cycle to the boost converter is as follows.
The current and voltage references are taken at periodic intervals to calculate power. The
ratio of the difference between samples of power at two sampling intervals to the difference between
voltage at same two sampling intervals is taken as an input variable ERROR .The difference
between two consecutive ERROR samples is considered as CHANGEinERROR,another input.
These inputs are processed by fuzzy inference rule base to get the output CHANGEinDELTA,
whose crisp value actually changes the duty cycle of the Boost converter to ensure harnessing the
maximum power from PV module at any instant of time. This algorithm is implemented in C
language and incorporated in LPC2148 Mini Board to drive the multivibrator IC CD4047BE.
Results and Conclusions:
Overall system is modeled in MatLab Simulink for three phase systems. Fuzzification of
inputs and outputs is done by using different membership functioins like Negetive Big(NB),
Negetive small[NS], Zero Error[ZE], positiveBig[PB],PositiveSmall[PS]. Inference Engine is
developed by using Fuzzy Rule base by Mamdanis model .At the end defuzzification of the variable
is done to get the crisp value by using Centre of Gravity method. By following this algorithm the
duty cycle oscillates at the point of maximum power.
The prototype of the project is built for a simple single phase low voltage system. The
proposed system could be modularly implemented for high voltage system to enhance overall system
efficiency and ease of grid connectivity. The power extracted from the PV array increases by the
fuzzy based MPPT independent of the PV panel characteristics and varying weather conditions
showing its effectiveness and feasibility at affordable cost.

Scope of Future Work:


The same work can be improved by developing better algorithms and processing them in
more precisely in fuzzy systems. Modular implementation of MPPT by high end processors will
definitely improve the performance of the overall system.

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