Page # 8 AREA UNDER THE CURVE

EXERCISE – IV HINTS & SOLUTIONS

Sol.1 f(x + 1) = f(x) + 2x + 1 ; f(0) = 1 Sol.4 at (2, 1)  a = 1 + 4b

put x = 0 area bounded by curve & x-axis
f(1) = f(0) + 1 = 2
 a/b 
put x = 1 A=2 0 ((1  4b)  bx 2 ) dx 
f(2) = f(1) + 3 = 5  
C B A
put x = 2 (1, 2)
dA
f(3) = f(2) + 5 = 10 for area to be minimum =0
db
 f(x) = 1 + x2 O (0, 0) y
Let the pair of tangents 1 (0,a)
 b=
y = mx 8
mx = 1 + x2  x2 – mx + 1 = 0
3
D=0  m=±2 &a= 0
x
2  a /b a /b
pair of tangent y = ± 2x
Amin = 4 3 sq. units.
1
2
Area = 2  (1  x2  2x) dx =
3 Sol.5 From the f igure it is clear that
0
a

Sol.2 Area bounded by  (sin x – f ( x))dx  1 – sin a  (a – 1) cos a

0
y = 2x – x2, y = 0 & x = 1 y
differentiate w.r.t. a
1 sina – f(a) = – cosa + cosa – (a–1) sin a
2 y=mx
A= 0 (2x  x ) dx
sina – f(a) = – a sin a + sin a
B
x f(a) = a sin a  f(x) = x sinx
0 A1 2
2 The points where f(x) & sinx intersect are
=
3 x sinx = sinx  sinx = 0 or x = 1.
We can say that a = 1
Let line is y = mx which divides the area into two
1

1 2 1 A 1  (sin x – x sin x )dx  (1 – sin 1)


equal parts so area of  OAB =   =
2 3 3 0
 

A 2  ( f ( x ) – sin x )dx  ( x sin x – sin x )dx  (  – 1 – sin1)

 
1 1 2 1 1
 ×1×m=  m=
2 3 3
2

2 A3   (sin x – x sin x )dx  (3 – 2)

so line is y = x
3 

Sol.3 Equation of tangent at (1, 1) n x  c

y – 1 = n(x – 1)  y = nx – n + 1 ....(i) Sol.6 y=
x
area bounded by the curve, the tangent & the x-
axis is dy
=0
dx C
e x = eC+1
1 n2  n  x = ec + 1
A=
 (nx  n  1)  x n ).dx = y = 0  x = ec
0 2(n  1)

ec 1
dA  n x  c  1
Now A to be maximum, = 0  at n = Area =    dx =
dn 2 1  x  2
ec

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053, www.motioniitjee.com, [email protected]
AREA UNDER THE CURVE Page # 9

/ 4
a
1 1  Sol.11 An = 0 (tan x )n dx
Sol.7 A=     dx
1  x 2x  1 
y=1/x y=1/2x–1
0 < tan x < 1 when 0 < x < /4
4 (1,1)
0 < (tan x)n + 1 < (tan x)n, n  N
= n x
5 1/2 x=a /4 /4

0 (tan x )n1 dx  0 (tan x )n dx

2 An + 1 < An
a = 8 on (6 – 2)
5 for n < 2
/4
An + An + 2 =
0 [(tan x )n  (tan x )n  2 ] dx
0  1 x 
Sol.8 Area = 2 1  x  dx
1 x 

y /4
=
0 (tan x )n (1  tan2 x ) dx
x
 –1 0
=2– 1
2 =
n 1
since An + 2 < An + 1 < An
1 so An + An + 2 < 2An
Sol.9 y=
1 x2 1 1
 < 2An  < An .....(1)
y n 1 2n  2
(  ))
( , f
 1  1  A
B   , f   
 2  2  1
x Also for n > 2 ; An + An < An + An – 2 =
n 1

1 1
 2An < An < .....(2)
0
 1  3   n 1 2n  2
A=    x  dx

1/ 2  1  x 2  1   2   combining (1) & (2) use get
   
1 1
< An < .
2n  2 2n  2
  1 1 
+ 0   x  dx
 1  x 2 (1   2 ) 
 
c b
Sol.12 Proof. A = a (f (c )  f ( x)) dx  c f ( x)  f (c )) dx
dA 1 1
for area to be minimum =0 & A=
d 2 c b
= f(c) [c – a + c – b] –
a f ( x) dx  c f ( x) dx
Sol.10 Equation of line differentiating w.r.t. ‘c’
y – c = m (x – 1)
dA
y = mx + c – m ........(i) = f(c).2 + (2c – a – b). f ’(c) – f(c) – f(b) . 0 – f(c)
dc
solving line & parabola
(2c – a – b) (f ’(c)) = 0  2c – a – b = 0

m  m2  4m  4c x1 c=
ab
x= x2 (let) 2
2
f ‘(x) = x2 – 2x + a = 0
x2
A= x ( x 2  (mx  c  m)) dx = 36 2a
=–a a =
2
1 2 3

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053, www.motioniitjee.com, [email protected]
 Page # 10 AREA UNDER THE CURVE

Sol.13 1 + cos x = 1 + cos (x – ) Sol.16 Let a point P(t, t2) is on the curve c.
y cordinate of Q is also t2 & R = (t, t2/2)
 2
x = & Q = (x, t2)
2 y=1
1 Area of OPQ = Ara of OPR
Now /2
x
  
+ t2 t
2
2 2 2

0 ( y  f ( x ) dy  0 ( x  x 2 / 2) dx
/2
0 (1  cos x )  (1  cos( x   ))) dx
differntiating both sides w.r.t. t

n 16 2  16 
=– f(t) = t  f(x) =   x2
 2   (1  (1  cos(  ))) dx 9  9 


/2 
 sin x  sin( x  a)  sin ( x   ) 2 x x
0 
Sol.17 f(x) = et n sec t dt – 2
  sec t dt
0 0
 
2 sin – sin  = 1 – sin    =
2 3
x x
Area bounded by c1, c2 & y = 0 t
= e n sec t
x
|0 – t
e tan t dt –  sec2 t dt
 0
0
/6 
= 0 (c1  c 2 ) dx   / 6 (c 2  c1) dx  2 sq. units
x

= ex n sec x –  et (tan t  sec2 t) dt

Sol.14 x2y2 = a2y2 – a2x2 0

a2x2 = ex n sec x – ex tan x

2
y =
a2  x2
 /3

a
Area =  (f(x)  g(x)) dx
0
ax
Area = 4  dx = 14a2
2 2
0 a x
 /3

=  (e x n sec x  e x tan x) dx
0

1 a2
Sol.15 A = 0 ( 1  y ) dy
 /3
= ex n sec x |
0

= e/3 n 2
y

dA 1 y  1  a2
= 0, a =
da 2 x
(1,0)

3 3 
so Amin = & maxima at a = 0.
12

394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar Kota, Ph. No. 0744-2209671, 93141-87482, 93527-21564
IVRS No. 0744-2439051, 0744-2439052, 0744-2439053, www.motioniitjee.com, [email protected]