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1. This document discusses high voltage engineering and provides examples of calculating breakdown voltage for uniform-field spark gaps based on Paschen's law. 2. Formulas are given to calculate breakdown voltage based on gap length, pressure, and temperature. Tables of experimental data are also provided for determining constants in Paschen's law equations or calculating breakdown voltages in various conditions. 3. Examples calculate breakdown voltage for gaps in air and nitrogen at different lengths, pressures, and temperatures, and determine constants and minimum gap lengths required to avoid breakdown at certain voltages.

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Wan Hamzah
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157 views

Tutorial

1. This document discusses high voltage engineering and provides examples of calculating breakdown voltage for uniform-field spark gaps based on Paschen's law. 2. Formulas are given to calculate breakdown voltage based on gap length, pressure, and temperature. Tables of experimental data are also provided for determining constants in Paschen's law equations or calculating breakdown voltages in various conditions. 3. Examples calculate breakdown voltage for gaps in air and nitrogen at different lengths, pressures, and temperatures, and determine constants and minimum gap lengths required to avoid breakdown at certain voltages.

Uploaded by

Wan Hamzah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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High Voltage Engineering

BEKP 4883

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK


UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
BEKP 4883
Tutorial 1

1. Assuming that the breakdown voltage of a uniform-field spark gap in atmospheric


given by the expression Vs= Apd + Bpd. Where d is the gap length in cm, p is
the relative air density and A and B are constants, complete the following table.

Gap length Pressure Temp Breakdown Voltage


cm mb ºC kV
2.0 533 5 33.48
1.25 933 25 34.46
1.5 500 47 ?

2. Breakdown voltage measurements on a uniform-field gap in air gave the


following results:
Gap length Pressure Temp Breakdown Voltage
cm mb ºC kV
4 1000 5 106.8
2 500 32 29.9
Determine the breakdown voltage of a 3cm gap for the standard atmospheric
conditions.

3. Breakdown voltage measurement on a uniform-field gap in nitrogen at 293K gave


the following values of pd and E/p at breakdown:

pd (mm Hg-cm) E/p (V/mm Hg-cm)


900 34.2
8100 30.6
Find the breakdown voltage of 1 cm gap at 2100mm Hg and 300K.
High Voltage Engineering
BEKP 4883

4. The result of measurement of breakdown voltage for uniform-field gap in


nitrogen are given below:
Spacing Pressure Temp Breakdown Voltage
mm mb ºC kV
15 800 10 36.19
30 1200 30 95.16

(a) Determine the breakdown voltage of 50mm gap at pressure of 1000 mb and
temperature 20ºC.
(b) If field emission begins when the field strength exceed 105 V/cm, determine
the pressure at 20ºC at which the breakdown voltage of a 2.5mm gap would
begin to deviate from Paschen’s law.

5. Breakdown voltage measurement on uniform field gap in air at standard


atmospheric pressure and temperature gave the following values:

Breakdown Voltage Pd (mbar-cm )


(kV)
20 1013
45 1519.5

(a) Prove the breakdown voltage can be express as

Where V is voltage breakdown, ρ is relative air density and d is gap length

(b) Calculate voltage breakdown for 1cm gap at three-time atmospheric


pressure and 310K, effect of humidity is neglected
High Voltage Engineering
BEKP 4883

6. Breakdown voltage measurement on uniform field gap in air at standard


atmospheric pressure and temperature is expressed as

Where V is voltage breakdown, ρ is relative air density and d is gap length

(i) Calculate voltage breakdown for 1cm gap at three-time atmospheric


pressure and 310K, effect of humidity is neglected
(ii) Determine the minimum gap required for high voltage application if the
maximum voltage is 85kV, pressure is 1 atm and operational temperature
is 30oC
(iii) Comment the effect of pressure to breakdown voltage

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