“EFFECTS OF THE USAGE OF GADGETS TO THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCES OF

GRADE 12 STUDENTS IN SOUTHGATE INSTITUE OF MALVAR

S.Y. 2018 – 2019”

As Partial fulfilment for

Practical Research

Presented By:

Amutan, Marc
Villapando, Marielle M.
Tolentino, Dave Angelus L.
Onte, Ralph Laurence A.

Submitted to:

Mr. Patrick Acielo, LPT

 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Due to the exposure of the students in the innovative technology such as

:phone,laptop,tablet,computer and other gadgets that can be used with others, there is a big possibility
that it also influences their behavior in terms of academic performances.
The modern gadgets have a great impact on the learner’s academic performance. In the year where
electronic gadgets are not yet invented, students are not yet engage in activities using technologies.
Learn rely on books and visit library facilities to study, read their notes and review the lesson.
(Capulong 2018)
Our world is ever changing and advancing in the realm of science and technology. May people depend
on technological gadget to get themselves through the day, to their job, to get around and to find
certain things (Adel, et Al, 2012). Mostly, affected are teens. Since these inventions are useful and can
give a lot of entertainment such as games, texting, calls, media and many more. In connection, they
give more attention to their gadgets than there studies and academic performance.
According to the Guardian newspaper in U.K , (2011), smart phones such as Blackberries,
Iphone and Androids sales increased from 4% in 2005 to 48% in 2011, 50% of people claim to use the
mobile internet equally at home and outside the residence, 47% of teen agers admit using their smart
phones in the toilet while 22% of adults confessed to the same habit, and mobile-addicted teens are
more likely than adults to be distracted by their phones over dinner and in the cinema. Therefore, this
issue implies that people are now exposed on the gadgets, people are also aware that majority of the
teen agers are having their studies with the use of gadgets that might affect their academic
performance.
A study published in the National Communication Associations journal (2015), research has
shown that students who texts in class generally recall less about the classroom content than those
who do not, Similarly, those who used mobile devices in class took notes of poorer quality, detracting
from another cognitive process by which students integrate new material. It is also found in a study by
J.H Kuzennekoff, et al that the frequency of messaging using cell phone was found to be a factor in
the interruption of learning.

Rationale:
Due to the exposure of the students in the innovative technology such as
:phone,laptop,tablet,computer and other gadgets that can be used with others, there is a big possibility
that it also influences their behaviour in terms of academic performances. Thus, the researchers decide
to conduct a study regarding on the mentioned situation to measure the number of hours spent by the
students that might help them to evaluate it gadgets are consuming their time and affecting their
academic performances. The researcher aims to know if it is a factor that needs to be considered to
have a fail or pass grades. The importance in having the knowledge about this topic is how we can
relate to usage of gadgets in time and what are the benefits of it given to our academic performance.

Objectives:
The objectives of this research works are:

 To identify how gadgets can help the students in terms of academic performance.
 To compare the academic performance of the students with or without gadgets.
 To determine the effects of gadgets
 To explain the gadgets has a good and bad influence to their academic performance
and;
 To evaluate the factors that involve in developing the techniques that must be applied
to improve students’ academic performance using gadgets.

Statement of the Problem

This aims is to determine the impact of gadgets usage on the academic performance of Grade 12
students in Southgate Institute of Malvar.

1. What is the impact of gadgets usage on the academic performance of grade 12 students in terms of:
1.1 Accessing information
1.2 Behavior
2. How frequent do the students used gadgets for academic purposes?
3. Is there any significant relationship between the usage of gadgets and the academic performance of
grade 12 students in Southgate Institute of Malvar?
4. How do academic gadgets improve the academic performance of the students?
5. How often do gadgets help the students in their academic performance?

Significance of the study

The researchers chose this topic to know the different types of gadget that can affect the students
in their academic performance. This study is significant to the following:

To Administrations - it helps them to give an awareness that gadgetshas an advantages and

disadvantages on academic performance inside the school campus.

To Parents - it will help them to know that their child that used gadgets have an effects in using in
their academic performance. It will also give them an awareness on how to handle their child when it
comes to the performances of their child in school.

To Teachers –it will be helpful to them and to know why some students are frequently using it.

To Students - it will help them to know the importance of their academic performances in school
using the positive side of gadgets and how to balance using of gadgets.

To the Future Researchers - this study can be a source of information for the future researchers our
society is not really aware conscious about the issue.

To the Researchers- It helps them to be successful to their research. It may help them to be aware
thatthis aspects is stated that really affect in our study. They may become an inspiration to other
researcher to conduct this kind of study.
Scope and Delimitation
This study primarily focused on the Effects of the Usage of Gadgets to the Academic
Performances of grade students in Southgate Institute of Malvar.
This study want to know if there is really have relationship on academic performance of the students
and how students limit in using gadgets.
 Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Related Literature
The researchers found some studies as a background in their research. Here are the studies
that the researchers found in Web and the other sources in the Internet.

According to Jackson (2014), that mobile phones, usage is negatively impacting students
academic performance. This means that the students who are using mobile phone more are having low
GPA.

According to Ensar (2014), there technological devices, such as cellphones, computers, the
internet and to had an effect on students academic success. He stated these, devices may affect student
differently, for young people may feel self-confident and relax with this devices.

According to Yeboah & Ewur (2014) out of 50 total numbers of students interviewed, 40 of the
students which represent 80% of the interviewees said they use the messenger on their phones for
chatting with their friends on different issues instead of academic purposes in campus. They also
mentioned that they use the application has negative impact on their studies.

According to Lin & Chiang (2010), implied that improper phone use has an adversary effect
on school performance. When young students show improper smartphones use behaviours on
inappropriate occasions their academic performance will become worse.

According to Kuznekoff & Titswort (2012), stated that participants in three different study
groups watched video lecture, took notes on that lecture, and took two learning assessments after
watching the lecture. Students who were not using their mobile phones wrote down 62% more
information in their notes, took more detailed notes, were able to recall more detailed information
from the lecture, and scored a full letter grade and a half higher on a multiple choice test than those
students who were actively using their mobile phones.

According to Shonala et al. (2016) said that having course materials such as lectures slides and
notes on a mobile device makes learning easier for the students, as they can use their device to study
at anytime, anywhere. This enables the students to engage in learning activities even when they are
outside their classrooms and improves flexibility for self-study.

According to Kihwele & Bali A(2010), said the students are spending much time dealing with
phones than with studies. Other school regulations are broken: learning concentration is shifted away
from studies. Owning mobile phones while school rules restrict is a sign of misbehaviour and often
leads to further misbehaviours like being at a wrong place in order to get space to use the phone
secretly.

According to Hassan et Al (2017), gadgets have negative effects on students academic

performance even though they were used for school-related learning activities. Generally, when
students use smartphones for learning activities, information is essentially transmitted one way as
there is no direct teaching involved.

According to IsleyenandOzdemir (2012) it is seen that social support strengthens the

psychological endurance, that is to say individual gains within or outside the family gives the feeling
that he/she is not alone towards stressful situations and possible negative problems. It was found that
the social support perceived by the education faculty students using social networks to communicate
with their friends were higher than the ones who did not use these networks to communicate with their
friends

According to Esther Jennifer (2012) electronic gadgets have both positive and negative effects
but negative impact of electronic gadgets outweighs the positive impact as a parent are the first
teacher to their children they must assess the impact of electronic gadgets on academic performance
and family interaction and encourage their positive attitude and reduce negative effects.

Synthesis
This part shows the relationship and differences of literature to the research study.

The study of Jackson has a significant relationship to the present since it also dealt with the
negative impact of gadgets to the students. The difference between the two studies occurred on how
the negative and positive study gathered information from their respondents.
 There is a significant relationship between the studies of Ensarand the current study. The
previous stud emphasized the effects of the students which is likely similar to the present study
because the current researchers also deal with the study aboutusing gadgets that affects academic
performance of the students.

There is a significant relationship between to the study of Yeboah & Ewur. The previous study
that emphasizes that the students use the messenger on their phones by chatting with their friends with
different issues even though it must use only for academic.

The study of Lin & Chiang, says that gadgets implied that improper phone use an adversary
effect on school performance, it also similar to the researcher study because it can affect truly to the
academic performance of the students.

According to Kuznekoff & Titswort there is a significant relationship to the study. The previous
study took notes on that lectures while the students who were not using gadgets or mobile phone can
broke down more information in their notes. In current study shows that using gadgets can affects our
academic performance that can easily break our daily using gadgets.

There is a significant relationship between to the study of Shonala. The previous study said that
having a course materials such as lecture slides and notes on a mobile device makes learning easier for
the students while, the current study deals with the study about using gadgets that may affects
academic performance of the students.

The study of Kihwele & Bali has a significant relationship between to the study. The study said
that students are spending much time dealing with phones than with studies while the current study
about using gadgets that affects the academic performance of the students in school because they
much given time in using a gadgets.

The study of Hassan has significant relationship to the previous study that emphasizes that
there’s a negative effects on students academic performance when they’re always using gadgets
because they only focus on the different issue.
 There is a significant relationship between to the study of Isleyen and Ozdemir. The previous
study said that using social networks and gadgets it easily communicate with their friends while the
current study about how the situation or one problem solve through social networks.

The study of Esther Jennifer is related to the present study because with the help of gadgets it
can help to analyze what are the negative and positive when the students using gadgets in their
academic performance.
 CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The researchers will be discussing the methods to get the data about the effects of the usage of
gadgets to the academic performance of grade 12 students. The researchers will get the answers based
on how the respondents respond to their questions in order to gather some data for the researcher’s
study.

Research Design

According to Esther Jennifer (2012) define quantitative research designwere can adopt
different kind of research methods namely explanatory, descriptive and casual reaction. The
researcher in this case should adopt the descriptive research method.

The researcher use descriptive research because it is an effective design and restructured
questionnaire with the open ended questions. The information collected from the respondents can be
statistically presented in this type of research method for the convenience of the researchers to
interpret their data. It allows the researchers to easily gathered data and information to get more
precise hypothesis

Subject of the study

The respondents of the researchers are the students of Southgate Institute of Malvar who officially
enrolled in academic year 2018-2019. The survey is conducted in Southgate Institute of Malvar that
have a total number ofrespondents will have 15 respondents every section. They were chosen because
they often use of gadgets. They have many ideas about gagdets and how it can help them when they
use gadgets.

Research Instrument
The main instrument that the researchers used to gather enough information and data is the
survey checklist because this make easier to gather data and to have specific information to the
respondents. This instrument is the most suitable process for collecting significant information needed
in the study. The first part is the profile of the respondent in terms of their sex, age and grade level.
The second part contains questions that are made by the researcher’s. The researcher’s used checklist
in order to determine the effects of the usage of gadgets to the academic performance of grade 12
students.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers prepared an approval letter for the principal in order to have a permission to conduct
a survey in Southgate Institute of Malvar. The researcher will also give their checklist for the approval
to conduct a survey for the respondent. The researcher will gather some data and information from the
respondents using the survey. After that the respondents organize, interpret and analyze their given
information to make their conclusion and recommendation in making of regarding this matter.
Name (optional) Grade Level

Sex

Answer the following given questions. This may help the researchers to gathered information and data
to have a successfully result.

1. What are your grades on the following core subjects during second semester?

1.1 MIL
1.2 ENGLISH

2. how long do you spend using gadgets within a day?

A. 1-3 hours

B. 4-6 hours

C. 7-9 hours

D. 10 and above

3. What are the benefits that students can gain in using gadgets?

A. Improve their communication skills

B. Aware from different social issues

C. Get more information’s

 D. Improve their critical thinking

4 . How does gadgets influence you as a student?

A. It changes someone’s beliefs, culture and opinion

B. It became our hobby

C. We forget the problems and we tend to express it through social media

D. All of the above

5. What are other things we can benefits if we use gadgets?

A. We gain more knowledge

B. It improves our self in many aspects

C. It improves our logical and critical thinking

D. We become aware on every issues and news about our society

6. What are the negative effects of using gadgets?

A. It can make a person blind

B. Prone of bullying

C. Lack of exercise that can affect our health

D. All of the above

7. Does the gadgets helpful to the students?

A. Yes, because the students can easily do their different assignments

B. No, because they focus on their studies

C. Yes, because it helps us to communicate with other

 D. No, because they become addicted on online games

8. It is important if we use gadgets in all the time?

A. Yes, because we can share our feelings

B. Yes, because we can easily get information through social media

C. No, because it can affect our studies

D. No, because it can affect our daily base of living

9. How does gadgets affect the academic performance of the students?

A. They become addicted to the gadgets

B. They will not focus on their studies

C. Their studies can easily lost

D. They use social media as a hobby

10. Why does gadgets influence us?

A. It catches someone’s interest

B. We are entertained by the pictures, issues and ideas that we had saw

C. It becomes the bridge to communicate to other people

D. It because everyone is following what is trend

 What are your grades in Frequency Percentage
MIL

70 – 75 1 2.4%
76 – 80 7 17%
81 – 85 7 17%
86 – 90 9 22.5%
91 – 95 14 34.1%
96 – 100 3 7%
Total: 41 100%

1.2

What are your grades in EAPP Frequency Percentage

70 – 75 1 2%
76 – 80 11 27%
81 – 85 5 12%
86 – 90 15 37%
91 – 95 7 17%
96 – 100 2 5%
Total: 41 100%

What are the benefits that Frequency Percentage

students can gain in using
gadgets?
a. Improve their communication 14 34%
skills
b. Aware from different social 12 29%
issues
c. Get more information 14 34%
d. Improve their critical thinking 1 2%
Total: 41 100%
How does gadgets influence you Frequency Percentage
as a student?
a. It changes someone’s beliefs, 8 20%
culture and opinion
b. It became our hobby 7 17%
c. We forget the problems and 7 17%
we tend to express it through
social media
d. All of the above 19 46%
Total: 41 100%

What are other things we can Frequency Percentage

benefits if we use gadgets?
a. W gain more knowledge 16 39%
b. It improves our self in many 6 15%
aspects
c. It improves our logical and 0 0
critical thinking
d. We become aware in every 19 4%
issue and news about our society
Total: 41 100%

What are the negative effect of Frequency Percentage

using gadgets?
a. It can make a person blind 2 5%
b. Prone of bullying 4 10%
c. Lack of exercise that can affect 10 24%
our health
d. All of the above 25 61%
Total: 41 100%

Does the gadgets helpful to the Frequency Percentage

students?
a. Yes, because the students can 24 59%
easily do their different
assignments
b. No, because they focus on 2 5%
their studies
c. Yes, because it help us to 9 21%
communicate with other
d. No, because they become 6 15%
addicted on online games
Total: 41 100%

It is important if we use gadgets Frequency Percentage

in all the time?
a. Yes, because we can share our 4 10%
feelings
b. Yes, because we can easily get 6 15%
information through social
media
c. No, because it can affect our 15 36%
study
d. No, Because it can affect our 16 39%
daily base of living
Total: 41 100%

Can you improve yourself or Frequency Percentage

your studies in using gadgets?
a. Yes, because it will help us to 29 71%
make our work much easier
b. Yes, because social media is so 2 5%
powerful that it can change our
beliefs
c. No, because today is 6 15%
generation, social media become
a bad influence to some students
d. No, it just destroys studies and 4 9%
student become lazy because of
gadgets
Total: 41 100%

How does gadgets affect the Frequency Percentage

academic performance of the
students?
a. They become addicted to the 14 34%
gadgets
b. They will not focus on their 16 39%
studies
c. Their studies can easily lost 0 0
d. They use gadgets as a hobby 11 27%
Total: 41 100%

Why does gadgets influence us? Frequency Percentage

a. It catches someone interests 7 17%
b. We are entertain by the 8 20%
pictures, issues and ideas that
we had saw
c. It becomes the bridge to 18 43%
communicate to other people
d. It because is everyone 8 20%
following what is trend
Total: 41 100%
What are your grades in Frequency Percentage
MIL

70 – 75 1 2.4%
76 – 80 7 17%
81 – 85 7 17%
86 – 90 9 22.5%
91 – 95 14 34.1%
96 – 100 3 7%
Total: 41 100%

1.2

What are your grades in EAPP Frequency Percentage

70 – 75 1 2%
76 – 80 11 27%
81 – 85 5 12%
86 – 90 15 37%
91 – 95 7 17%
96 – 100 2 5%
Total: 41 100%

What are the benefits that Frequency Percentage

students can gain in using
gadgets?
a. Improve their communication 14 34%
skills
b. Aware from different social 12 29%
issues
c. Get more information 14 34%
d. Improve their critical thinking 1 2%
Total: 41 100%

How does gadgets influence you Frequency Percentage

as a student?
a. It changes someone’s beliefs, 8 20%
culture and opinion
b. It became our hobby 7 17%
c. We forget the problems and 7 17%
we tend to express it through
social media
d. All of the above 19 46%
Total: 41 100%

What are other things we can Frequency Percentage

benefits if we use gadgets?
a. W gain more knowledge 16 39%
b. It improves our self in many 6 15%
aspects
c. It improves our logical and 0 0
critical thinking
d. We become aware in every 19 4%
issue and news about our society
Total: 41 100%

What are the negative effect of Frequency Percentage

using gadgets?
a. It can make a person blind 2 5%
b. Prone of bullying 4 10%
c. Lack of exercise that can affect 10 24%
our health
d. All of the above 25 61%
Total: 41 100%

Does the gadgets helpful to the Frequency Percentage

students?
a. Yes, because the students can 24 59%
easily do their different
assignments
b. No, because they focus on 2 5%
their studies
c. Yes, because it help us to 9 21%
communicate with other
d. No, because they become 6 15%
addicted on online games
Total: 41 100%

It is important if we use gadgets Frequency Percentage

in all the time?
a. Yes, because we can share our 4 10%
feelings
b. Yes, because we can easily get 6 15%
information through social
media
c. No, because it can affect our 15 36%
study
d. No, Because it can affect our 16 39%
daily base of living
Total: 41 100%

Can you improve yourself or Frequency Percentage

your studies in using gadgets?
a. Yes, because it will help us to 29 71%
make our work much easier
b. Yes, because social media is so 2 5%
powerful that it can change our
beliefs
c. No, because today is 6 15%
generation, social media become
a bad influence to some students
d. No, it just destroys studies and 4 9%
student become lazy because of
gadgets
Total: 41 100%

How does gadgets affect the Frequency Percentage

academic performance of the
students?
a. They become addicted to the 14 34%
gadgets
b. They will not focus on their 16 39%
studies
c. Their studies can easily lost 0 0
d. They use gadgets as a hobby 11 27%
Total: 41 100%

Why does gadgets influence us? Frequency Percentage

a. It catches someone interests 7 17%
b. We are entertain by the 8 20%
pictures, issues and ideas that
we had saw
c. It becomes the bridge to 18 43%
communicate to other people
d. It because is everyone 8 20%
following what is trend
Total: 41 100%
“Correlation of English and Mathematics Proficiency level of Grade 7 Students of Southgate
Institute of Malvar; S.Y. 2018-2019 “

Perfect positive correlation +1.00

+1.00
Very high positive correlation 0.75 – 0.99
0.75 High positive correlation 0.50 – 0.74
0.50 Moderately small positive correlation 0.25 – 0.49
0.25 Very small positive correlation 0.01 – 0.24
No correlation 0.00
0.00
Very small negative correlation -0.01 – 0.24
-0.25 Moderately small negative correlation -0.25 – 0.49
-0.50 High negative correlation -0.50 – 0.74
-0.75 Very high negative correlation -0.75 – 0.99
-1.00 Perfect negative correlation -1.00
ENGLISH

X Y XY X² Y²
1 91 8 728 8281 64
2 80 4 320 6400 16
3 96 3 288 9216 9
4 88 2 176 7744 4
5 84 5 420 7056 25
6 88 12 1056 7744 144
7 80 6 480 6400 36
8 98 3 294 9604 9
9 81 6 486 6561 36
10 88 4 352 7744 16
11 87 3 261 7596 9
12 89 6 534 7921 36
13 90 2 180 8100 16
14 72 4 280 5184 9
15 89 4 356 7921 36
16 95 5 475 9025 4
17 86 8 688 7396 16
18 80 12 960 6400 16
19 89 4 356 7921 25
20 89 2 178 7921 64
21 90 12 1080 8100 144
22 91 4 364 8281 16
23 88 5 440 7744 25
24 88 6 528 7744 36
25 90 5 450 8100 25
26 93 5 465 8649 25
27 81 5 405 6561 25
28 80 5 400 6400 25
29 84 4 336 7056 16
30 80 4 320 6400 16
31 80 12 960 6400 144
32 91 4 364 8281 16
33 77 10 770 5929 100
34 77 2 154 5929 4
35 79 6 474 6241 36
36 79 9 711 6241 81
37 92 5 460 8464 25
38 80 8 640 6400 64
39 85 5 425 7225 25
40 93 6 558 8649 36
41 89 5 445 7921 25
Ƹx= 3,527 Ƹy= 230 Ƹxy= 19, 317 Ƹx²= 304, 823 Ƹy²= 1602
Formula:
𝒏∑𝒙𝒚 − ∑𝒙∑𝒚
r=
√[𝒏∑𝒙𝟐 − (∑𝒙)𝟐 ][𝒏∑𝒚𝟐 − (∑𝒚)𝟐 ]

= 𝟒𝟏(𝟏𝟗, 𝟑𝟏𝟕) − (𝟑, 𝟓𝟐𝟕)(𝟐𝟑𝟎)

√[𝟒𝟏(𝟑𝟎𝟒, 𝟖𝟐𝟑) − (𝟑, 𝟓𝟐𝟕)𝟐 ][𝟒𝟏(𝟏𝟔𝟎𝟐) − (𝟐𝟑𝟎)𝟐 ]

= 𝟕𝟗𝟏, 𝟗𝟖𝟕 − 𝟖𝟏𝟏, 𝟐𝟏𝟎

√[𝟏𝟐, 𝟒𝟗𝟕, 𝟕𝟒𝟑 − 𝟏𝟐, 𝟒𝟑𝟗, 𝟕𝟐𝟗][𝟔𝟓𝟔𝟖𝟐 − 𝟓𝟐𝟗𝟎𝟎]

= −𝟏𝟗, 𝟐𝟏𝟑
√(𝟓𝟖, 𝟎𝟏𝟒)(𝟏𝟐, 𝟕𝟖𝟐)

= −𝟏𝟗, 𝟐𝟏𝟑 = −𝟏𝟗, 𝟐𝟏𝟑

r = 0.1
√𝟕𝟒𝟏, 𝟓𝟑𝟒, 𝟗𝟒𝟖 𝟏𝟔𝟓. 𝟎𝟏𝟖𝟔𝟎𝟐𝟗

Conclusion:
There is very small negative correlation in effects the usage of gadgets in English,
therefore there is enough evidence that there significance between the effects of the usage
of gadgets.
“Effects of the Usage of Gadgets to the Academic Performance of Grade 12 students in
Southgate Institute of Malvar; S.Y. 2018-2019 “

Perfect positive correlation +1.00

+1.00
Very high positive correlation 0.75 – 0.99
0.75 High positive correlation 0.50 – 0.74
0.50 Moderately small positive correlation 0.25 – 0.49
0.25 Very small positive correlation 0.01 – 0.24
No correlation 0.00
0.00
Very small negative correlation -0.01 – 0.24
-0.25 Moderately small negative correlation -0.25 – 0.49
-0.50 High negative correlation -0.50 – 0.74
-0.75 Very high negative correlation -0.75 – 0.99
-1.00 Perfect negative correlation -1.00
MIL

Formula: 𝒏∑𝒙𝒚 − ∑𝒙∑𝒚

X Y XY X² Y²
1 95 r = 8 760 9025 64
2 84 4 336 7056 16
3 91 3 273 8281 9
4 89 2 178 7921 4
5 87 5 435 7596 25
6 90 12 1080 8100 144
7 83 6 498 6889 36
8 97 3 291 9409 9
9 91 6 546 8281 36
10 92 4 368 8464 16
11 88 3 264 7744 9
12 92 6 552 8464 36
13 94 2 188 8836 4
14 74 4 296 5476 16
15 91 4 364 8281 16
16 96 5 480 9216 25
17 85 8 680 7225 64
18 79 12 948 6241 144
19 90 4 360 8100 16
20 91 2 182 8281 4
21 92 12 1104 8464 144
22 90 4 360 8100 16
23 92 5 460 8464 25
24 83 6 498 6889 36
25 91 5 455 8281 25
26 96 5 480 9216 25
27 77 5 385 5929 25
28 84 5 420 7056 25
29 88 4 352 7744 16
30 81 4 324 6561 16
31 80 12 960 6400 144
32 90 4 360 8100 16
33 78 10 780 6084 100
34 79 2 158 6241 4
35 80 6 480 6400 36
36 81 9 729 6561 81
37 92 5 460 8464 25
38 80 8 640 6400 64
39 86 5 430 7396 25
40 95 6 570 9025 36
41 92 5 460 8464 25
Ƹx= 3,586 Ƹy= 230 Ƹxy= 19944 Ƹx²= 315,098 Ƹy²= 1602
Formula:
𝒏∑𝒙𝒚 − ∑𝒙∑𝒚
r=
√[𝒏∑𝒙𝟐 − (∑𝒙)𝟐 ][𝒏∑𝒚𝟐 − (∑𝒚)𝟐 ]

= 𝟒𝟏(𝟏𝟗𝟗𝟒𝟒) − (𝟑, 𝟓𝟖𝟔)(𝟐𝟑𝟎)

√[𝟒𝟏(𝟑𝟏𝟓, 𝟎𝟗𝟖) − (𝟑, 𝟓𝟖𝟔)𝟐 ][𝟒𝟏(𝟏𝟔, 𝟎𝟐) − (𝟐𝟑𝟎)𝟐 ]

= 𝟖𝟏𝟕, 𝟕𝟎𝟒 − 𝟖𝟐𝟒, 𝟕𝟖𝟎

√[𝟏𝟐, 𝟗𝟏𝟗, 𝟎𝟏𝟖 − 𝟏𝟐, 𝟖𝟓𝟗, 𝟑𝟗𝟔][𝟔𝟓𝟔𝟎𝟐 − 𝟓𝟐𝟗𝟎𝟎]

= − 𝟕𝟎𝟕𝟔 = − 𝟕𝟎𝟕𝟔
r = 0.28
√𝟕𝟔𝟐𝟎𝟖𝟖𝟒𝟎𝟒 𝟐𝟓𝟔𝟎𝟓. 𝟗𝟒𝟎𝟕

Conclusion:
There is moderately small negative correlation between in effects the usage of
gadgets in Media and Information Literacy (MIL) therefore, there is enough evidence that
there significance between the effects of the usage of gadgets.