A Project Report on

“WATER SPRAY PUMP MECHANISM"

is submitted to

The Gujarat Technological University

In Partial Fulfillment for award of Degree of

Diploma in Mechanical Engineering

Submitted By:
Avinash.G.Joshi (156278319002)
Bhaumik.R.Purohit (156278319100)
Jayant.K.Parmar (1562783190089)
Mahendra.J.Parmar (156270319540)
Naran.P.Gujjar(156270319517)
Rajesh.J.Kanzariya (146270319528)
Guided By:
Mr. H.J.Makwana
Lecturer,
Mechanical Engineering Department
Government Polytechnic, Porbandar

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, PORBANDAR
THE GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

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 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC PORBANDAR

Date: ___/___/______

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the dissertation entitled, “Water spray pump”, Submitted by
Avinash.G.joshi 2 Bhaumik.R.Purohit 3 Jayant.K.Parmar 4 Mahendra.J.Parmar

5 Naran.P.Gujjar 6 Rajesh.J.Kanzariya

in partial fulfillment for the award of degree of Diploma Engineering in

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING to the Gujarat Technological University , is the
record of the work carried out by him under my supervision and guidance. The
matter presented here, to the best of my knowledge, has not been submitted
earlier for the award of any other degree or diploma.

Guide

Mr. H.J.MAKWANA
Lecturer,
Mechanical Engg. Dept.,
Government Polytechnic, Porbandar.

Head
Mechanical Engg. Dept., Government Polytechnic, Porbandar

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 DECLARATION

We hereby declared that the work, which is being presented in the Report,
entitled “Water spray pump" in partial fulfillment for the award of degree
“Diploma Engineering” in Department of Mechanical Engineering at
GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, PORBANDAR is a record of our own investigations
carried out under the guidance of Mr. H.J.MAKWANA, Lecturer, Department of
Mechanical Engineering.

We have not submitted the matter presented in this project anywhere for the
award of any degree.

Avinash g. joshi

Bhaumik R. purohit

Jayant K. parmar

Mahendra J. parmar

Naran P. gujjar

Rajesh J. kanzariya

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 ABSTRACT

The population of the world is increasing rapidly. In order to fulfill their diet needs
the production of food must be increased, but this must come at a cost affordable
to everyone. Mechanization of agriculture enables conservation of inputs by
precision in ensuring better distribution, reducing quantity required for better
response or prevention of losses or waste of inputs applied. Mechanization
reduces unit costs of production through higher productivity levels and the input
conservation. The all agriculture equipment’s often are hardly modernized due to
its low productivity. In India farming is done by traditional ways, besides that
there has been large development of industrial and service sector as compared to
that of agriculture sector. The spraying of pesticides and insecticides is
traditionally done by farm worker carrying backpack type sprayer which requires
more human effort. Giving attention to these important problems an attempt is
made to develop an equipment which will be beneficial to the farmer for the
spraying operations. This equipment is easy to use and operate. It makes use
reciprocating pump that creates the required pressure for the spraying action.
This multifunction device will come in handy that can be put to use in different
spraying stages of farming as per process requirement.

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TABLE OF CONTENT

SR INDEX PAGE
NO NO
1 CHAPTER-1
2 INTRODUCTION 6
3 CHAPTER-2
4 LITERATURE REVIEW 8
5 CHAPTER-3
6 PARTS AND DETAIL DESIGN OF ALL PARTS AND 11
ASSEMBLY
7 DESIGN METHODOLOGY 13
8 CHAPTER-4
9 MAEKETING SURVEY 15
10 BILL OF MATERIALS 15
11 LABOUR COST 16
12 OVER HEAD COST 16
13 MACHINE UTILIZATION & SPECIFICATIONS 17
14 USED IN HAND TOOL LIST 17
15 PART LIST 18
16 CHAPTER-5
17 CONCLUSION 19
18 CHAPTER-6
19 REFRENCES 20

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 CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION:-

A. Status of Agriculture in India

India is predominantly an agricultural based country with approximately

75% of population of India is very much dependent on farming either directly or
indirectly. The farmers have been using the same methods and equipment for ages
for example the seed sowing, spraying, weeding etc. operations are carried out by
same techniques. There is need for development of an effective spraying machine
for increasing productivity levels. Most of the late developing countries of Asia
have the problem of higher population and low levels of land productivity as of
compared to the developed nations. One the main reasons for lower productivity is
insufficient power availability for the farms and very low levels of farm
mechanization. This is especially true for India.

B. Mechanization of Agriculture
It is now accepted all over the world that in order to meet the food requirements
of growing populations and rapid industrialization, the modernization of
agriculture is indispensable. It is said that at many farms, production suffers due
to no use of farm fertilizers or correct time pesticides and insecticides or improper
application of these at required destination area of the affected crop.
Mechanization enables conservation of inputs by precision in metering and
ensuring better distribution, reducing the level of quantity required for the best
response and prevention of loss or wastage of inputs applied. The Mechanization
reduces the unit costs for the production by the high level of productivity and by
input conservation.

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Agricultural equipment’s and machinery program of the governments has been
one of selective mechanization with a view of optimising the use of human,
animal and other source of power. In order to meet requirements, steps are taken
to increase availability of implement, irrigation pumps, tractors, power tiller,
combine harvesters and other power operated machines and also for to increase
the production and availability of improved animal driven implements. Special
emphasis was given on the later as more than the 70% of the farmers fall in small
and, marginal categories.

It is usually said that mechanization of small farms is difficult. But in Japan having
average land holding even smaller of than ours, with proper mechanization has
led agriculture to greater heights. In order to minimize the drudgery of the small
farmers, to increase efficiency and save the farmer time which is taken for the
taking up of additional supplementary and generating activities, also for use of
modern time saving machines or implements of appropriate size needed to be
suitably promoted therein

The nature of agriculture, does not admit of so many subdivisions of the farm
labor, nor of so complete a separation of the one business from another, as in
manufactures. It is impossible to separate so entirely the business of a grazer
from that of the corn-farmer as the trade of the carpenter is commonly separated
from that of smith. Spinner is almost always distinct person from the weavers; but
the ploughman, the harrower, the sower of the seed, the reaper of the corn, are
often same. The occasion for those different sorts of labor returning with the
different season of the year, it is impossible that one man must be constantly
employed in any one of these. This impossibility of doing so complete and an
entire a separation of all the different branches of labors employed in the
agriculture is the reason why the improvement of productive powers of labors in
this fields does not always keep pace with their improvements in manufactures

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 CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW

A. Existing Spraying Methods:

I. Hand operated sprayers (backpack with spray pump

Fig.1 Hand operated sprayers

Backpack sprayer are fitted with a harness so the sprayers can be carried
on the operator back. Tank capacity may be large as 20 liters. A hand lever is
continuously operated for to maintain the pressure which make the backpack
sprayers output more uniform than that of a handheld sprayers. Basic low cost
backpack sprayer will generate only low pressure and lack feature such as high-
pressure pumps, pressure adjustment control (regulator) and pressure gauge
found on commercial grade units.

II. Engine driven sprayers.

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 Fig.2 Engine driven sprayers.

The engine operated sprayers typically produce more consistent sprayer’s

outputs, cover the sprays swath more uniformly, operate at constant speed and
results in much more uniform coverage than the hand spraying. Motorized
sprayer are also capable of higher pressure spray where required to provide a
better coverage. There are many other type of hand operated sprayer that are
not widely used throughout the agriculture. Some may be used wide extensively
for the productions of specific commodities.

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III. High pressure sprayer.

Fig.3 High pressure sprayer

The High pressure sprayer are often called as hydraulic sprayers. They
usually operate with a dilute mixture and at different pressure from two hundred
and fifty up to several hundred psi limits. The design of high pressure sprayer is
similar to that of low pressure sprayer, the only difference is that the component
have to withstand high pressure.

When fitted with boom they can do any work done by the suitable
low pressure boom sprayers. These can also be fitted with handgun. The handgun
are used for spraying shade tree and ornamental, livestock, orchards, building,
unwanted brush, rights-of-way, commercial crop etc.

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 CHAPTER - 3
PARTS AND DETAIL DESIGN OF ALL PARTS AND ASSEMBLY

|. Parts list
 Spray pump
 Chain drive with two gears
 Iron frame
 Wheels
 Tubes
 Four Nozzles

• Spray pump

 Chain drive with two gears

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  Iron frame

 Wheels

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  Design Methodology
A. Problem Statement

Agricultural sprayer vehicle should be able to work with help of appropriate

controls in order to spray effectively along the path as required to perform the
required functions. Based on these factor, the basic mechanical designs of
agricultural sprayers vehicle will be designed and implemented for 3 liters of
payloads by combining all the factor such as stated above with goal of achieving a
better functionality.

B. Objectives

I. Decrease the operational costs by using new mechanisms.

II. Work reliably as under different working condition.

III. Decrease the costs of machine.

IV. Decrease labour costs by advancing the spraying methods.

V. Machine should be operated in small farming land with the standard spacing.

C. Methods and Materials

I. System designs as to and theoretical derivation of dimension of the kinematic

linkage mechanisms.

II. Selection of pumps and drive for spraying applications.

III. Selection & designs of pinion and gear drive system for the wheel shafts to
pump driver linkage mechanisms.

IV. Design validation of the stress produced in the parts like input shafts, crank,
connecting links, output links.

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  Mechanical Subsystem

A. Base frame or chassis

The base of frame of chassis is a mild steel fabricated structures that holds the
entire assembly of the sprayers. The rear sides carries the rear wheel shaft that
carries the rear wheel, the front wheels steering carries the front wheels bracket
which provides the necessary turning effects.

B. Drive Assembly

The drive assembly consist of the driver pinion on rear shafts, and the spur gear
on the crank. Thus when the vehicle move in forward directions the wheel will
rotate the rear wheels shaft and hence the driver gear drive the driven gear and
there by the intermediate shafts and the pitman arms which reciprocates the
piston of sprayer.

C. Pump System

The pump systems comprises of sprayer mechanisms of 3 litre capacity integrated

with an inbuilt pump and sprayer.

D. Air storage and pesticide storage

Compressed air is stored in the air chamber of storage tanks and the pesticides is
stored in the liquid chamber, the sprayers connected to the tanks sprays this
liquid pesticides using the compressed air.

smooth form of motion called a simple harmonic motion. These cams are often
used to produce motion in pumps. Circular cams are often used to operate steam
engine valves. As the cam is symmetrical, the rise and fall motions are the same.

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 CHAPTER 4

MARKETING SURVEY

 Get estimation of project work in market of different cities

SR. NO. CITY ESTIMATION OF PRICE RS.

1 Porbandar 5000

2 Jamnagar 5500

3 Rajkot 6000

4 Junagadh 5300

MATERIAL USED IN PROJECT:-

we can use the lot of material to create the model, iron aluminum, steel, copper, cast
iron. but generally we used the metal which are following

 Iron
 Rubber tube
 Aluminum
 poly venial chloride

BILL OF MATERIAL:-
No PART QTY PRICE
1 METAL PIPE 15ft 2000
2 PUMP 1 2000
3 RUBBER TUBE 5ft 200
4 WHEEL 4 500
5 NOZZLES 3 300
GRAND TOTAL = RS . 5000/-

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LABOUR COST

Find the real labor cost detail

Labor cost = Right angle × labor cost

= 2×100

Labor cost = 200 for Rs/hr.

OVERHADE COST

Power cost = 15/kwt

Electric use = 5kwh/m

Labor =500 Rs

Welding cost = No of welds× Rate

=25×10

= RS.250/-

Power cost =power use × power cost

=100×6

=600/-

Total cost = material cost + labor cost + overhead cost

= 5000 + 200 + 1200 = RS.6400/-

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MACHINE UTILIZATION WITH SPECIFICATION:-

SR MACHINE SPECIFICATION
NO. NAME

Current – 200amps

Frequency – 50Hz
1 Arc Welding
Supply – 230-440v

Phase – 1/2ph

Spindle Speed – 440- 4700rpm

Hole Die Range – 10mm

2 Drilling Machine
Max. Thickness Of Plate –10cm

USED IN HAND TOOLS LIST:-

SRNO TOOL NAME

1 METAL PIPE CUTTER

2 HAMMER
3 SPANNER
4 NOZZALE PIPE
5 PLAYER
6 SCREW DRIVER

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 PART LIST:-
SR NO PART NAME

1 HANDLE
2 METAL ROADS
3 CHAIN WITH TWO GEARS
4 WHEEEL
5 NOZZLES
6 NOZZALE PIPE
7 MAIN FRAME

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 CHAPTER - 5
CONCLUTION:-
 The motive behind developing this equipment is to create mechanizations
which will help to minimize effort of farming.
 It is suitable for the spraying at minimum costs for the farmers so that he
can afford it, of the many product available.
 It is most important to select the most efficient and easy type for your
particular needs, whether if it is for applying insecticide fungicides, weed
killer, liquid fertilizers or wettings agents. For example, lawn sprayers is
made especially for the applications of liquids material to the lawn area.
 The sprayer is are metered to allow quick mixing and the coarse sprays, so
it does not takes as long to apply weeds killers, insecticides etc. Also, there
is also not as much chances of drifting of the liquids into nearby flowers and
shrub bed. The old saying You get for what you pay for does apply to the
sprayer.
 Efficiency and accuracy vary very much considerably, especially with the
types that attaches to garden hose. Sprayer that are used for weeds killing
or for applying any types of soil sterility should not be utilized for any other
purposes. In fact, you will find it a very good practices to set sprayer to side
just for the lawn areas. Use separate one for flowers and shrubs. It’s a good
practice to clean out your sprayers immediately after you used it for any
type of the spraying. A little soapy water form, swished around and through
sprayers, then flushed out with warm the water, does a good job.

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 CHAPTER-6

REFRANCE:-
 R. Joshua, V. Vasu and P. Vincent (2010) Solar Sprayer - An Agriculture
Implement, International Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 2 (1): 16-19,
2010 ISSN 2079-2107
 R. D. Fox, R. C. Derksen, Visual and image system Measurement of spray
deposits using water–sensitive Paper Applied Engineering in Agriculture
Vol. 19(5): 549–552 2003 American Society of Agricultural Engineers ISSN
0883–8542
 M. A. Miller, B. L. Steward, M. L. Westphalen Effects of multi-mode four-
wheel steering on sprayer Machine performance, American Society of
Agricultural Engineers ISSN 0001-2351
 Taiwo K. Oje, Development and testing of a swirl Chamber nozzle, Journal
of Agricultural Engineering And Technology (JAET), Volume 16 (N0. 1) June,
2008 A reference paper on plant protection Equipment published at journal
of Agricultures. A reference paper on Spray Equipment and Calibration AE-
73 (Revised)
 Vern Hofman and Elton Solseng Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
North Dakota State University Fargo, North. A reference paper on Recent
Developments in Sprayers for Application of Bio-pesticides - an overview by
Samuel Gan Mor, Graham A. Matthews.
 A reference paper on Pump Types for Water Supply or Spraying by Larry E.
Stewart And Albert V. Krewatch.
 R.Joshua, V.Vasua and P.Vincent, Solar Sprayer- an Agriculture Implement,
published in International Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 2(1): 16-19,
2010 ISSN 2079-2107.

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