DESIGN OF Z PURLINS

Purlin Designation P1 JOB No.:

DATE :
Input Data: Purlin Geometry
Span of the purlin = 6.000 M
Spacing of the purlin = 1.2 M
No. of Sag rods = 1
Slope of the Roof = 17.81 deg.

Number of Spans = 5
(for 1 or 2 spans, Bending Moment Coefficient is 8, for 3 or more spans, it is 10)
(in case of Bending about minor axis, (No of spans)x(No of sagrods+1) is used.

Input Data: Loads

Dead Loads
Weight of Sheeting = 30 kg/sqm
Self Weight of Purlin = Automatically Calculated from Section properties
Extra for cleats, as % of Purlin weight = 10 %
Additional Dead Loads to Consider = 0 kg/sqm

Live Loads
Live load on Roof = Automatically Calculated from Slope
= 75 kg/sqm
Additional Live Loads to be considered = 0 kg/sqm
(For Design of Wall Girt (Cladding Runner), additional Live loads to be considered can be entered as -ve of LL on roof)
(Live load will be 0 effectively)
Wind Loads
Basic Wind Speed 39 m/s Terrain Category 2
k1 1 Maximum Horizontal Dimension of Building 30 m
k3 1 Hence, Bldg Class B
Height of Top 10.5 m
Based on the data on right, k2 is obtained from the tables
k2 1

Ht of building at eaves level, h = 8.25 m

Width of the building, w = 30 m
Length of the Building, l = 14 m

Hence, h/w = 0.275

and l/w = 0.467

Based on the h/w and l/w, the values of Cpe is obtained from tables as noted below:
Maximum Downward Cpe (include sign) -0.5
Maximum Upward Cpe (include sign) -0.5

Based on % of openings, Cpi is taken as +/- 0.6

 2689
08-05-2019

on properties

f LL on roof)
ill be 0 effectively)
Input Data: Purlin Section Being Checked

Try Z200X2.4

Yield stress of material 2400 KG/CM2

Flange Width, b 79 mm
Depth of section d 203 mm
Thickness t 2.3 mm
Length of Lip lip_l 20 mm
Inner Bending Radius 3 mm

Area 9.01 cm2

Zxx 57.37 cm3 Section Modulus about Major Axis
Zyy 15.82 cm3 Section Modulus about Minor Axis
Ixx 582.32 cm4 Moment of Inertia about Major Axis
Iyy 124.97 cm4 Moment of Inertia about Minor Axis

Purlin Weight 5.895 kg/sqm

Output Summary

Section Properties OK? OK Based on Section 9 of BS:5950 Part 5 – 1998

OK Based on IS 801 Clause 5.2.2.1

Stresses Ok? OK
Critical Stress Factor 0.65

Deflection Check OK? OK

Hence, Overall: OK

Notes:
1. Section Properties Check based on Section 9 of B:5950 Part 5 is a guideline and not mandatory
Hence, Design is considered Safe even if above check only is not okay but all other che
2. Currently, this design only works if full width is effective. If full width is not effective,
this spreadsheet will report Failure in Stress Check
3. Not suitable currently for curved roofs.
4. Design is not suitable for varying spans of purlins (varying truss spacing)
e and not mandatory
kay but all other checks are okay
effective,
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Z Purlin Design Report

Code Version: R1 Code Year: 2011

Revision History R0: Basic Design with checks for Stresses and Deflection based on IS 800 only
R1: Added Section property checks and Allowable Stress Calculations based on IS 8

JOB No.: 2689

Input Data: Purlin Geometry

Span of the purlin = 6.000
Spacing of the purlin = 1.2
No. of Sag rods = 1
Slope of the Roof = 17.81

Number of Spans = 3

Bending Moment Coefficients: Use 8 for Single/Two spans, 10 for 3 or more spans
Bending Moment Coefficient for Mxx(BMCX) 10
For Bending About Minor Axis, Number of spans= number of spans x (number of sagrods+1)
Number of Spans about Minor Axis = 6
Bending Moment Coefficient for Myy(BMCY) 10

Cross Sectional Area of Purlin 9.01 cm2

Purlin Weight = 7.074 kg/m (Area in sqcm x 0.785 kg/sqcm/m) in kg
= 5.895 kg/sqm (Weight in kg/m)/spacing

Design Calculations: Primary Load Cases

DEAD LOAD

Weight of Sheeting 30.000

Self Weight of Purlin (calculated above) 5.895
Extra load for weight 10 % of purlin weight 0.589
Other Dead Loads 0.000

Total Dead Load 36.484

= 0.365

LIVE LOAD

Live Load on Roof = 75 kg/sqm if slope is less than 10 degrees. If Slope is more than 10 degrees, LL = 75 – 2x(slope-10), subject to minimum of
Live load on Roof = 59.38
Additional Live Loads to be considered = 0
(For Design of Wall Girt (Cladding Runner), additional Live loads to be considered can be entered as -ve of LL on roof)

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on IS 800 only
ulations based on IS 801

DATE : 8/5/19

M
M

deg.

0.785 kg/sqcm/m) in kg/m

/spacing

kg/sqm
kg/sqm
kg/sqm
kg/sqm

kg/sqm
kN/sqm

ubject to minimum of 40 kg/sqm

KG/M2
KG/M2

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Total Live Load 59.38

= 0.594
WIND LOAD

Basic Wind Speed Vb 39 m/s

k1 1
k3 1

Terrain Category 2
Maximum Horizontal Dimension of Building 30 m
Hence, Building Class is B
Height of Top 10.5 m

Based on the above data, k2 is obtained from the tables

k2 1

Design Wind Speed Vz=k1.k2.k3.Vb 39 m/s

Design Wind Pressure pz=0.6Vz^2 912.600 N/sqm
= 0.913 kN/sqm

Ht of building at eaves level, h = 8.25

Width of the building, w = 30
Length of the Building, l = 14

Hence, h/w = 0.275

and l/w = 0.467

Based on the h/w and l/w, the values of Cpe is obtained from tables as noted below:
Maximum Downward Cpe (including sign) -0.5
Maximum Upward Cpe (including sign) -0.5

Based on % of openings, Cpi is taken as +/- 0.6

Wind Load is included in two load combinations – DL+WL and DL+LL+WL

Since, Dead Load and Live Load are downward, DL+WL will be critical for the maximum upward wind force
Similarly, DL+LL+WL will be critical for the maximum downward wind force

WL1: Maximum Upward Wind Force – To be used in combination DL+WL1

Maximum Upward Cpe (including sign) -0.5

Cpi to use (for upward, use -) -0.6

Hence, Cpe+Cpi = -1.1

Design Wind Pressure pz 0.913 kN/sqm

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kg/sqm
kN/sqm

m
m
m

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Wind pressure for Purlin Design -1.004 kN/sqm

WL2: Maximum Downward Wind Force – To be used in combination DL+LL+WL2

Maximum Downward Cpe (including sign) -0.5

Cpi to use (for upward, use -) 0.6

Hence, Cpe+Cpi = 0.1

Design Wind Pressure pz 0.913 kN/sqm

Wind pressure for Purlin Design 0.091 kN/sqm

Design Calculations: Primary Load Cases – Conversion of forces to Normal And Tangential Components

Spacing of the purlin = 1.2 m

Slope of the Roof = 17.81 degrees

Total Dead Load = 0.365 kN/sqm

DL Normal Component = DL x Spacing x cos(slope) = 0.417 kN/m

DL Tangential Component = DL x Spacing x sin(slope) = 0.134 kN/m

Total Live Load = 0.594 kN/sqm

LL Normal Component = LL x Spacing x cos(slope) = 0.678 kN/m

LL Tangential Component = LL x Spacing x sin(slope) = 0.218 kN/m

Total Wind Load in WL1 = -1.004 kN/sqm

WL is normal to roof
Hence, WL1 normal component = WL1 x Spacing = -1.205 kN/m
And, WL1 Tangential component = 0 kN/m

Total Wind Load in WL2 = 0.091 kN/sqm

WL is normal to roof
Hence, WL2 normal component = WL2 x Spacing = 0.110 kN/m
And, WL2 Tangential component = 0 kN/m

Design Calculations:Summary of Loads in Load Combinations

From above calculations, the components of load in the various load combinations are tabulated
DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2
Normal Load 1.095 -0.788 1.205 kN/m
Tangential Load 0.352 0.134 0.352 kN/m

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ponents

bulated

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For Strength Design, 0.75 factor is applicable for combinations with Wind Load since 33.33% extra stress i
Hence, the components of load in the various load combinations for Strength design are
DL+LL 0.75(DL+WL1) 0.75(DL+LL+WL2)
Normal Load 1.095 -0.591 0.904 kN/m
Tangential Load 0.352 0.100 0.264 kN/m

Maximum Normal Component = 1.095 kN/m

Purlin Section Selected:

Section Name Z200X2.4

Yield stress of material 2400 kg/sqcm

Flange Width, b 79 mm
Depth of section d 203 mm
Thickness t 2.3 mm
Length of Lip lip_l 20 mm
Internal Bending radius 3 mm
Total bending Radius, rad 5.3 mm

Flange Width w/o bend, w = b – 2 x rad 68.4 mm

Area 9.01 cm2

Zxx 57.37 cm3
Zyy 15.82 cm3
Ixx 582.32 cm4
Iyy 124.97 cm4

Purlin Weight = 7.074 kg/m (Area in sqcm x 0.785 kg/sqcm/m) in kg

= 5.895 kg/sqm (Weight in kg/m)/spacing

Design Calculations: Checking Basic Section Properties based on Section 9 of BS:5950 Part 5 – 1998

Check No. 1 – Overall Depth <= 100t & >=L/45

Overall Depth 203 mm
100t = 230 mm
L/45 = 133.333 mm

Hence OK

Check No. 2 – Overall Width of Compression Flange<=35t

Flange Width, b 79 mm
35t = 80.5 mm

Hence OK

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3% extra stress is allowed

0.785 kg/sqcm/m) in kg/m

/spacing

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Check No. 3 – Width of Lip >= b/5

Width of Lip 20 mm
B/5 = 15.8 mm

Hence OK

Check No. 4 – Total Width over both flanges >= L/60

Total Width over both flanges 155.7 mm
L/60 = 100.000 mm

Hence OK

Check No. 5 – Zxx of Purlin >= WL/1400 for Simply Supported Purlin and >=WL/1800 for Continuous Pur
Zxx = 57.37 cm3

W is normal component of unfactored distributed dead load plus imposed load in kN

L is span of purlin in mm
W= 6.571 kN
L= 6000 mm
Number of Spans = 3
Hence, denominator = 1800

WL/denominator 21.905

Hence OK

Result 1: Check for Section Properties Based on BS 5950 Part 5 Sec.9: OK

Design Calculations: Checking Basic Section Properties based on IS 801 for Lip of Purlin

Minimum Depth of Lip shall be 2.8 x t x ((w/t)^2-281200/Fy)^(1/6) and not less than 4.8t

t= 2.3 mm
w= 68.4 mm
Fy= 2400 kg/sqcm
w/t= 29.7391304348
2.8 x t x ((w/t)^2-281200/Fy)^(1/6) 19.485 mm
4.8t= 11.04 mm

Lip l= 20 mm

Hence OK

Lip is Edge stiffener only if w/t<60

Here, w/t = 29.7391304348

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r Continuous Purlin

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Hence OK

Result 2: Check for Section Properties Based on IS 801 Clause 5.2.2.1: OK

Design Calculations: Stress Checks

Check for w/t, lim = 1435/sqrt(f)

As per clause 5.2.1.1 of IS 801,

f is the actual stress in compression element computed based on effective width

Compression stress based on full width = Max (Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zyy) for all three unfactored combinations

Span for major axis bending = Span of purlin

= 6.000 m
Span for minor axis bending = Span of purlin / (no. of sagrods + 1)
= 3m

Bending Moment Coefficient for Mxx(BMCX) 10

Bending Moment Coefficient for Myy(BMCY) 10
Note: Calculation for the above is at the top of the report

DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2

Normal Load 1.095 -0.788 1.205 kN/m
Tangential Load 0.352 0.134 0.352 kN/m

Mxx 3.943 2.836 4.337 KN-m

Myy 0.317 0.121 0.317 KN-m

Mxx/Zxx 68.725 49.433 75.597 N/sqmm

Myy/Zyy 20.019 7.619 20.019 N/sqmm

Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zyy 88.744 57.052 95.615 N/sqmm

Max. Compression Stress = 95.615 N/sqmm

f = 95.615 N/sqmm
= 956.152 kg/sqcm

1435/sqrt(f) = 46.408
w/t = 29.7391304348

Hence OK Design is restricted to Fully Effective Section

Maximum Compressive Stress based on Lateral Buckling of Flange, as per Clause 6.3 of IS 801

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d combinations

ective Section

IS 801

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Calculate X=L2Sxc/(dIyc)

and Y = Pi2ECb/Fy

Fb, the Allowable Compressive Stress based on Lateral Buckling of Flange is calculated as
X<0.18Y implies, Fb = 0.6 Fy - CASE (i)
X>0.18Y but X<0.9Y implies, Fb= 0.667 Fy – Fy . X / (2.7 Y) - CASE (ii)
X>0.9Y implies Fb = 0.3 Fy . Y / X - CASE (iii)

L = Unbraced Length of member = Span / (Number of sagrods+1) 300

Sxc = Compression Section Modulus of section about major axis = Zxx 57.37
d = Depth of Section = 20.3
Iyc = Moment of Inertia of the compression portion = Iyy/2 62.48430355

Hence, X = 4070.745

Pi = 3.1415926536
E = Modulus of Elasticity, as per IS 801 is taken as 2074000
Cb as per IS 801 can be taken conservatively assuming M1=0 (end span) 1.75
Fy = 2400

Hence Y = 14925.720

Hence, 0.18 Y = 2686.630

And, 0.9 Y = 13433.148

Comparing X with 0.18Y and 0.9Y, the applicable case is 2

Hence, Fb = 0.667Fy-Fy.X/(2.7Y)
= 1357.570136163
= 135.757

Basic Allowable Design Stress = 0.6Fy 1440

= 144

Hence, allowable stress is calculated as lower of the two = 135.757

DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2

Mxx/Zxx+Myy/Zyy 88.744 57.052 95.615 N/sqmm, calculated above
Allowed 135.757 180.557 180.557

Safety Ratio 0.654 0.316 0.530

Max. Safety Ratio 0.654 OK

Shear Stress in Web

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cm
Cm^3
cm
Cm^4

(unitless)

kgf/sqcm

kg/sqcm

(unitless)

kg/sqcm
N/sqmm

kg/sqcm
N/sqmm

N/sqmm

culated above

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As per clause 6.4.1 of IS 801,allowed maximum average shear stress Fv in kgf/sqcm is calculated as

Case 1: If h/t is less than 4590/sqrt(Fy), Fv=1275 x sqrt(Fy) / (h/t) 1275 x sqrt(Fy)/(h/t) =
Case 2: If h/t is more than 4590/sqrt(Fy), Fv=5850000 / (h/t)^2 5850000/(h/t)^2 =
Both are subject to maximum 0.4Fy 0.4Fy =

h 198.400 mm (Clear Depth between flanges = Depth – 2 x th

t 2.300
Hence, h/t = 86.261

4590/sqrt(Fy) = 93.693

Hence, Case is : 1

Hence, Fv = to maximum of 0.4Fy

= 724.106 kgf/sqcm

Actual Shear '=wl/2 Here, w = SQRT(Wn^2+Wt^2)

DL+LL 0.75(DL+WL1) 0.75(DL+LL+WL2)

Normal Load 1.095 -0.591 0.904 kN/m
Tangential Load 0.352 0.100 0.264 kN/m

w= 1.150 0.599 0.941 kN/m

Hence, Shear= 3.451 1.798 2.824 kN
Shear Stress fv=V/dt 7.563 3.940 6.189

Stress Ratio 0.104 0.054 0.085

Max. Shear Stress Ratio in Web 0.104

Hence OK

Bending Stress in Web

As per clause 6.4.2of IS 801 for the design check of allowable stress in combined shear and bending
Fbw = 36560000/(h/t)^2
Here, h/t already calculated above as 86.261

Hence, Fbw = 4913.359 kg/sqcm

491.336 N/sqmm
Basic Allowable Design Stress calculated earlier = 0.6Fy
144 N/sqmm

Hence, governing value for Fbw = 144 N/sqmm

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lculated as

724.106
786.191
960

= Depth – 2 x thickness)

nd bending

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Already calculated fbw = Mxx/Zxx since Zyy at web is very high (x=t/2, Z=I/x)
DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2
Mxx/Zxx 68.725 49.433 75.597 N/sqmm
Fbw 144 191.52 191.52

Safety Ratio 0.477 0.258 0.395

Max. Safety Ratio 0.477
In summary, Bending stresses in Web is: OK

Combined Shear and Bending Stresses in Web

As per clause 6.4.3 of IS 801 for the design check of allowable stress in combined shear and bending
SQRT((fbw/Fbw)^2+(fv/Fv)^2) must be less than 1

In this clause, Fbw is not restricted by 0.6Fy and Fv is not restricted by 0.4Fy

DL+LL DL+WL1 DL+LL+WL2

Hence, Fbw = 491.336 653.477 653.477
And Fv = 724.106 963.061 963.061

Actual stresses already calculated are

fbw 68.725 49.433 75.597
fv= 7.563 3.940 6.189

fbw/Fbw 0.140 0.076 0.116

fv/Fv 0.010 0.004 0.006

SQRT of sum of squar 0.140 0.076 0.116

Maximum Combined Stress Ratio in Web is 0.140

In summary, Combined stresses in Web is: OK

Result 3: Check for Stresses: OK

Overall Safety Ratio 0.654

Design Calculations: Deflection Check

Theoretical Deflection is calculated as (5/384) (wl^4/EI) for Simply Supported beam and (3/384) (wl^4/EI)

Here, number of spans = 5

Hence, formula to use = (3/384) (wl^4/EI)

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nd bending

3/384) (wl^4/EI) for multiple spans

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w is normal component of unfactored distributed load in kN/m, max. of all load combinations
= 1.205 kN/m

L = Span of the Purlin 6.000 m

E = Modulus of Elasticity, as per IS 801 is taken as 2074000 kg/sqcm

= 207400 N/sqmm

I = Ixx 582.32 Cm^4

Hence, Theoretical Deflection = 10.10 mm

Allowable Deflection as IS codes is Span/180: 33.33 mm

Hence OK

As per MBMA, allowed deflection from Live load component must be within Span/240

Span 6.000 m
or 6000 mm

Span/240 = 25.00 mm

Normal Component of Live Load 0.68 kN/m

Hence, deflection from Live Load = 5.687414739

Hence OK

Result 4: Check for Deflection: OK

Results Summary

Section Properties OK? OK Based on Section 9 of BS:5950 Part 5 – 1998

OK Based on IS 801 Clause 5.2.2.1

Stresses Ok? OK
Critical Stress Factor 0.65

Deflection Check OK? OK

Hence, Overall: OK

Notes:
1. Section Properties Check based on Section 9 of B:5950 Part 5 is a guideline and not mandatory

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Part 5 – 1998

ndatory

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2. Currently, this design only works if full width is effective. If full width is not effective,
this spreadsheet will report Failure in Stress Check
3. Not suitable currently for curved roofs.
4. Design is not suitable for varying spans of purlins (varying truss spacing)

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