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Axial Flow Compressor 2

The document summarizes the basic operation of axial flow compressors. It states that axial flow compressors consist of multiple stages, with each stage containing a row of rotor blades followed by a row of stator blades. The rotor blades accelerate the working fluid and the stator blades decelerate it, converting the kinetic energy to static pressure. This process is repeated across several stages to achieve the necessary overall pressure ratio. Careful design of the compressor blading is important to minimize losses and ensure stable operation.

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ram kishor singh
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162 views

Axial Flow Compressor 2

The document summarizes the basic operation of axial flow compressors. It states that axial flow compressors consist of multiple stages, with each stage containing a row of rotor blades followed by a row of stator blades. The rotor blades accelerate the working fluid and the stator blades decelerate it, converting the kinetic energy to static pressure. This process is repeated across several stages to achieve the necessary overall pressure ratio. Careful design of the compressor blading is important to minimize losses and ensure stable operation.

Uploaded by

ram kishor singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Schematic representation of an axial flow compressor

Basic operation of axial compressors


• Axial flow compressors usually consists of a series of stages.
• Each stage comprises of a row of rotor blades followed by a row of stator
blades.
• The working fluid is initially accelerated by the rotor blades and then
decelerated in the stator passages.
• In the stator, the kinetic energy transferred in the rotor is converted to static
pressure.
• This process is repeated in several stages to yield the necessary overall pressure
ratio.
• The compression process consists of a series of diffusions.
• This occurs both in the rotor as well as the stator.
• Due to motion of the rotor blades; two distinct velocity components: absolute
and relative velocities in the rotor.
• The absolute velocity of the fluid is increased in the rotor, whereas the relative
velocity is decreased, leading to diffusion.
• Per stage pressure ratio is limited because a compressor operates in an adverse
pressure gradient environment.
• Turbines on the other hand operate under favourable pressure gradients.
• Several stages of an axial compressor can be driven by a single turbine stage.
• Careful design of the compressor blading is essential to minimize losses as well
as to ensure stable operation.
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• Some compressors also have inlet Guide Vanes (IGV) that permit the
flow entering the first stage to vary under off-design conditions.

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Work and compression
From the above equation that relates the per stage temperature rise to the
pressure ratio, it can be seen that to obtain a high temperature ratio for a given
overall pressure ratio (for minimizing number of stages),High blade speed:
limited by blades stresses
High axial velocity, high fluid deflection (β1-β2): Aerodynamic considerations
and adverse pressure gradients limit the above.

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Thermodynamics of An Axial flow
Compressor Stage
p03 = p02
T03 = T02
p3
Va32/cp

Va22/cp
p2
T

 ωVw2 r2  Vw1r1 
P  Tω  m

T01
p01

p1 T1
s
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