American Revolution

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 American Revolution Facts

The American Revolution was a political battle that took place

between 1765 and 1783 during which colonists in the Thirteen
American Colonies rejected the British monarchy and aristocracy,
overthrew the authority of Great Britain, and founded the United
States of America.

Historical Background
★ The British government attempted to pass laws, enforce several
taxes, and increase its control over the colonies. The colonies
strongly objected to these laws and taxes. They wanted England to
have no control over them.
★ For ten years before the war started, tension grew between England
and the colonies.
 American Revolution Facts
Causes and Events of the American Revolution

★ When the British government became involved, members of the

colonies worried that they would lose their freedom and be
persecuted.
★ Members of the colonies didn’t agree with paying tax to Britain. This
lead to their motto ‘No Taxation Without Representation.’
★ The colonies didn’t like the laws imposed on them by Britain,
including the Sugar Act, the Tea Act and the Stamp Act.
★ Members of the colonies were constantly being punished by the
British for rioting, which made them even angrier.
★ The Boston Port Act forced the colonies to pay for the tea they had
destroyed, in what came to be called the Boston Tea Party, before
the port would be reopened, which angered the locals and
scared others.
★ The Tea Act of 1773
was imposed on the
American colonies by
the British government.
The Act intended to
subsidise the struggling
East India Company,
which was very
important for the British
economy, and the Tea
The Destruction of Tea at Boston
Harbor (1846) depicting the Boston Act would raise money
Tea Party from the 13 colonies
for it.
 American Revolution Facts
★ The people of the colonies did not agree with the unfair taxes they
had to pay and, as a result, destroyed over £90,000 worth of tea in
the Boston Tea Party of 16 December, 1773. The American
protesters boarded three trade ships in the Boston Harbor and
threw 342 wooden chests of tea into the water. In today’s money,
that tea would have been worth roughly a million dollars.

Passage of the Stamp Act in Parliament

★ The Stamp Act was another tax imposed on the American colonies
by the British in 1765. The tax covered printed materials, specifically
newspapers, magazines and any legal documents.
★ It was named the Stamp Act because, when these materials were
purchased, they were given an official stamp (pictured above) to
show that the buyer had paid the new tax.
 American Revolution Facts

Illustration of Boston Massacre as described

by Paul Revere

★ The Boston Massacre started because the local people were

taunting British soldiers - shouting and threatening them - because
they did not agree with the British Army having a place in their city.
★ During the Boston Massacre, British soldiers stationed in Boston
killed five men and injured six others. Two of the injured men later
died because of their wounds.
★ The five men who died were Crispus Attucks, Samuel Gray,
James Caldwell, Samuel Maverick and Patrick Carr. Crispus Attucks
is thought to be the first American casualty of the American
Revolution.
★ All eight soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre were arrested.
Six of them were released and two were charged with
manslaughter. Their punishment was ‘branding of the thumb’.
★ The British called the massacre the ‘Incident on King Street’.
 American Revolution Facts
★ The American Revolution, also known as the Revolutionary War,
began in 1765.
★ British soldiers and American patriots started the war with battles at
Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts.
★ Colonists in America wanted independence from England.
★ The colonies had no central government at the beginning of the war,
so delegates from all of the colonies were sent to form the first
Continental Congress.
★ George Washington, a former military officer and wealthy Virginian,
was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army.

Presentation of
the first draft of
the Declaration of
Independence to
the Second
Continental
Congress, John
Trumbull,1818.

★ Members of the Continental Congress wrote a letter to King George

of England outlining their complaints and declaring their
independence from England.
★ On July 4, 1776, the Continental Congress adopted the Declaration
of Independence, in which the colonies declared their independence
from England.
 American Revolution Facts
★ On October 17, 1777, the Battles of Saratoga brought a huge victory
for the Americans after the defeat and surrender of General John
Burgoyne.
★ The winter of 1777 to 1778 became a huge challenge for General
Washington as they spent winter training at Valley Forge.
★ By February 16, 1778, France honored the Treaty of Alliance with
America and recognized them as an independent country
from Britain.

★ The official government of the United

States was defined through the
Articles of Confederation on
March 2, 1781.
★ The last major battle of the American
Revolutionary War took place at the
Battle of Yorktown. General
Cornwallis surrendered, marking the
unofficial end of the war.
★ The war ended in 1783, and the
United States of America was born.
By April 9, 1784, King George III
ratified the treaty.
Commanding General
George Washington at
Princeton by Don
Troiani
Name:

Fill in the Blanks

The American Revolutionary War was a long conflict
that spanned more than eight years of fighting
between Great Britain and 13 of its North American
colonies. Fill in the blanks to complete the facts.

Examples of three laws

The colonies were
imposed by the
worried about the government were the
Government from __________ Act, the
___________ Act and
______________ The 13 the ______________
taking over. colonies Act.
include Rhode
Island,
Massachusetts,
Virginia,
The colonies’ motto Maryland, The colonies didn’t
was: North agree with paying
‘________________ Carolina, _________ to the
__________________ South
______________.’ Carolina,
British government.
Delaware,
Pennsylvania,
New
Hampshire,
New York,
The Connecticut, The members of the
________________ Georgia, and colonies were
Act forced the local New Jersey. worried that they
people to pay for the would lose their
tea they had _______________ .
destroyed.
 Fill in the Blanks
ANSWER KEY

The colonies were Examples of three laws

imposed by the
worried about the
Government were the
Government from Sugar Act, the Tea Act
Britain taking over. The 13 and the Stamp Act.
colonies
include Rhode
Island,
Massachusetts,
Virginia,
The colonies’ motto Maryland, The colonies didn’t
was: ‘No Taxation North agree with paying
without Carolina, tax to the British
representation.’ South
Carolina,
government.
Delaware,
Pennsylvania,
New
Hampshire,
New York,
Connecticut, The members of the
The Boston Port Act
Georgia, and colonies were
forced the local
New Jersey. worried that they
people to pay for the
would lose their
tea they had
freedom.
destroyed.
Name:

The Liberty Bell

The Liberty Bell is an iconic symbol of American
independence and is located in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania. It is a common myth that the Liberty
Bell was rung on Independence Day. Using your
own research, can you find the answers to the
following questions about the bell?

The bell is inscribed with the Biblical

verse ‘Proclaim LIBERTY throughout all
the land unto all the inhabitants thereof.’

1. Where was the bell made? ___________________

2. When did the bell first crack? _________________
3. What note does the bell ring? _________________
4. How much does the bell weigh? _______________
5. How tall is the bell? _________________________
6. What is the bell made from?
____________________________________________
7. Who owns the bell?
___________________________________
8. How big is the crack? __________

The Liberty Bell was originally

named the State House Bell.
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